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71 views6 pages

4 Loops PDF

Uploaded by

RăjiÃbĐaľlăh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2/19/2020

Loops
Liang, Introduction to Java programming, 11th Edition, © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved

By: Mamoun Nawahdah (Ph.D.)


2020

Opening Problem
Problem:
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
100
times
…
…
…
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!");
2

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2/19/2020

Introducing while Loops

int count = 0;
while (count < 100) {
System.out.println("Welcome to Java");
count++;
}

do-while Loop

do {
// Loop body;
Statement(s);
} while (loop-continuation-condition);

2
2/19/2020

for Loops
for ( initial-action ;
loop-continuation-condition ;
action-after-each-iteration ) {
// loop body;
Statement(s);
}

for (int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++) {


System.out.println( "Welcome to Java!");
}
5

Note
 The initial-action in a for loop can be a list of zero or
more comma-separated expressions.
 The action-after-each-iteration in a for loop can be a
list of zero or more comma-separated statements.
 Therefore, the following two for loops are correct:

for ( int i = 1 ; i < 100 ; System.out.println(i++)) ;


for ( int i = 0 , j = 0 ; (i + j < 10) ; i++, j++ ) {
// Do something

}
6

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2/19/2020

Note
 If the loop-continuation-condition in a for loop
is omitted, it is implicitly true.
 Thus the statement given below in (a), which is
an infinite loop, is correct.

Caution
 Adding a semicolon at the end of the for
clause before the loop body is a common
mistake, as shown below:

for (int i=0 ; i<10 ; i++) ;


{
System.out.println("i is " + i);
}
8

4
2/19/2020

Caution
 Similarly, the following loop is also wrong:
int i=0; Logic Error
while (i < 10);
{
System.out.println("i is " + i);
i++;
}
 In the case of the do loop, the following
semicolon is needed to end the loop:
int i=0;
do {
System.out.println("i is " + i);
i++;
Correct
} while (i<10); 9

break

10

5
2/19/2020

continue

11

Problem: Displaying Prime Numbers


Problem: Write a program that displays the first 50 prime
numbers in five lines, each of which contains 10 numbers. An
integer greater than 1 is prime if its only positive divisor is 1 or
itself. For example, 2, 3, 5, and 7 are prime numbers, but 4, 6,
8, and 9 are not.
Solution: The problem can be broken into the following tasks:
• For number = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ..., test whether the number is
prime.
• Determine whether a given number is prime.
• Count the prime numbers.
• Print each prime number, and print 10 numbers per line.

12

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