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D DR R N: Solution

The document presents the derivation of an equation for the molar flow of species A across a spherical shell undergoing steady-state diffusion. [1] The derivation starts with the mass balance equation for diffusion in spherical coordinates and substitutes the expression for molar flux. [2] This leads to a second-order differential equation that is integrated twice using boundary conditions at radii r1 and r2 to determine constants of integration. [3] The final result is an equation relating the mole fraction of A as a function of radius, from which the molar flow of A across any spherical surface between r1 and r2 can be calculated.

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Kamran Ali
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33 views2 pages

D DR R N: Solution

The document presents the derivation of an equation for the molar flow of species A across a spherical shell undergoing steady-state diffusion. [1] The derivation starts with the mass balance equation for diffusion in spherical coordinates and substitutes the expression for molar flux. [2] This leads to a second-order differential equation that is integrated twice using boundary conditions at radii r1 and r2 to determine constants of integration. [3] The final result is an equation relating the mole fraction of A as a function of radius, from which the molar flow of A across any spherical surface between r1 and r2 can be calculated.

Uploaded by

Kamran Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLUTION

A steady-state mass balance on a spherical shell lead to

d 2
dr
( r N Ar ) =0 Eq. A

We now substitute into this equation the expression for the molar flux NAr, with N set equal to zero,
since B is insoluble in liquid A. The molar flux is thus the r component (spherical coordinates) analog of
Eq. 18.0-2, which gives upon substitution in Eq. 18.6-26

d 2 cD AB dxA
dr
r(1−x A dr
=0 ) Eq. B

For constant temperature the product c𝒟AB is constant, and Eq. B may be integrated as follows:

d 2 1 dxA
dr
r (
1−x A dr
=0 )
1 dxA C 1
( 1−x A dr )
= 2
r
A second integration then gives:

-ln(1-x A(r)) = C1r+C2

The two constants of integration C1 and C2 may be then determined from boundary conditions:

B.C. 1: at r=r1, xA=xA1


B.C. 2: at r=r2, xA=xA2
1
1−x A 2 1 /r −1/ r
C1 = 1 2
Eq. C
1−x A 1

1−x A 2 1 /r−1−1/
/r 1

C2= 1 r
¿ 1- x A 1 ¿
2
Eq. D
1−x A 1

So that from equation Eq. C and Eq. D we get finally,

1−x A (r ) 1−x A 2 11//rr −1


−1/ r
1
/r
= 1 2
Eq. E
1−x A 1 1−x A 1

From Eq. E we can then get

4 πcD AB 1−x A 2
W A =4 π cD AB N Ar ¿r =r 1= ln ⁡( )
1/r 1−1/r 2 1−x A 1
which is the molar flow of A across any spherical surface of radius r between r

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