Autonomous Database

Level 100
Sanjay Narvekar
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
October 2019

© 2019 Oracle
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Objectives

After completing this lesson, you should be able to:

• Compare Autonomous Database (ADB) with DB System Cloud offerings

in OCI
• Describe the features of Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud -
Serverless and Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud - Dedicated,
Autonomous Transaction Processing - Serverless and Autonomous
Transaction Processing – Dedicated
• Describe how to deploy, use and manage ADB
 ORACLE
CLOUD

Autonomous Database Automated DB Services

• All database operations fully automated • Database lifecycle automation provided
• User runs SQL, no access to OS or CDB • User operates, has DBA and OS root access
• Exadata Performance and Availability • Runs older database versions
• Customizable for DW or TP Workload • ALL database features ( e.g. Java, etc )

Serverless Dedicated ExaCS DBCS

Ultra-Simple & Customizable Scale, Performance, VM or bare metal,
Elastic Private Cloud Availability single server or RAC
 Use Cases
Autonomous Database Cloud elasticity, Machine Learning, Self driving
World’s Best Fully Self-Driving Database Instant Provisioning, Always online operation
Oracle Builds and Operates Exadata Infrastructure and Databases All workloads, JSON Documents,
User runs SQL, no Access to OS or Container DB Graphs, and more

Oracle Database Cloud Services Use cases

World’s Best Automated Database Cloud Availability, Flexible Version and Features,
Oracle Builds and Operates Infrastructure Small to Large DB deployment,
User Operates Databases Using Provided Lifecycle Automation Single Instance or RAC, Automated Backup,
User Has Full Control, including DBA and Root Access Patching, Customer controls

Exadata Use Cases

World’s Best Database Platform Private/Public Cloud on-premise, Consolidation,
Oracle Builds, Optimizes, and Automates Infrastructure Highest Performance, Scalability for Mission
All In-Database Automation Features Included Critical Workload

Oracle Database Use Cases

World’s Best Database Small to Big Database transactional need
Runs Anywhere as well DWH needs, Customer Data Center,
User Builds and Operates Databases and Infrastructure DIY model
Autonomous Optimizations - Specialized by Workload

Autonomous Data Warehouse Autonomous Transaction Processing

Columnar Format Row Format

Creates Data Summaries Creates Indexes

Memory Speeds Joins, Aggs Memory for Caching to Avoid IO

Statistics updated in real-time while preventing plan regressions

Autonomous Database - Choice of Cloud Deployment

Exadata Cloud
DBaaS Autonomous Autonomous
Service or Cloud @
VM or Bare Metal Serverless Dedicated
Customer
Management Customer Customer Oracle Oracle

Private Network Yes Yes No Yes

Single/Multi Tenant Single/Multi Single/Multi Single Single/Multi

Software Updates Customer Initiated Customer Initiated Automatic Customer Policy Control

Private Cloud No Yes No Yes

Offers Availability
No 99.95% SLO SLO
SLA
Database Versions 11g,12c,18c,19c 11g,12c,18c,19c 18c 19c
Yes Yes
Disaster Recovery Across ADs & Regions Across ADs & Regions
No No

Hybrid DR Yes Yes No No

Consolidation Yes Yes No Yes
Autonomous Database Cloud Service – Deployment Options

Oracle Autonomous Database can be deployed in 2 ways – dedicated and serverless.

Dedicated deployment is a deployment choice that enables you to provision autonomous

databases into their own dedicated Exadata cloud infrastructure, instead of a shared
infrastructure with other tenants.

With serverless deployment, the simplest configuration, you share the resources of an Exadata
cloud infrastructure. You can quickly get started with no minimum commitment, enjoying quick
database provisioning and independent scalability of compute and storage.

Both deployment options are available for Autonomous Transaction Processing and
Autonomous Data Warehouse.
Autonomous Database - Serverless
Autonomous Data Warehouse & Autonomous Transaction Processing
Autonomous Database - Fully-managed
Oracle automates end-to-end
management of the autonomous
database
• Provisioning new databases
• Growing/shrinking storage and/or
compute
• Patching and upgrades
• Backup and recovery
Full lifecycle managed using the service
console
• Alternatively, can be managed via
command-line interface or REST API
Automated Tuning in Autonomous Database

“Load and go”

•Define tables, load data, run queries
— No tuning required
— No special database expertise required
—No need to worry about tablespaces, partitioning,
compression, in-memory, indexes, parallel execution
•Fast performance out of the box with zero tuning
•Simple web-based monitoring console
•Built-in resource-management plans
Autonomous Database – Fully-elastic

Size the database to the exact compute and storage required

• Not constrained by fixed building blocks, no predefined shapes
Scale the database on demand
• Independently scale compute or storage
• Resizing occurs instantly, fully online
Shut off idle compute to save money
• Restart instantly
Auto scaling:
• Enable auto scaling to allow Autonomous Database to use more CPU and IO resources
automatically when the workload requires it.
Full Support of Database Ecosystem

Autonomous Database service supports :

• Existing tools, running on-premises or in the cloud
– Third-party BI tools
– Third-party data-integration tools
– Oracle BI and data-integration tools: BIEE, ODI, etc.
• Oracle cloud services: Analytics Cloud Service, GoldenGate Cloud Service, Integration Cloud
Service, and others
• Connectivity via SQL*Net, JDBC, ODBC
Autonomous Data Warehouse: Architecture
Autonomous Transaction Processing: Architecture
Getting Started with Autonomous Database
Provisioning an ADB database requires only answers
to 7 simple questions:
Database name?
Which data center (region)?
How many CPU cores?
How much storage capacity (in TBs)?
Admin password?
License Type?
Enable Auto scaling?

New service created in a few minutes (regardless of

size)
Database is open and ready for connections
Auto Scaling Autonomous Database
• Auto scaling allows Autonomous Database to
automatically increase the number of CPU cores
by up to three times the assigned CPU core count
value, depending on demand for processing.
• The auto scaling feature reduces the number of
CPU cores when additional cores are not needed.
• You can enable or disable auto scaling at any
time.
• For billing purposes, the database service This picture shows how ADW service automatically scales OCPUs up
determines the average number of CPUs used when there is a demand for more computing power and then scales it
down once the demand goes down.
per hour.
Securing Autonomous Database (ADB)
• Stores all data in encrypted format in the Oracle Database. Only authenticated users and
applications can access the data when they connect to the database.
• Database clients use SSL/TLS 1.2 encrypted and mutually authenticated connections. This
ensures that there is no unauthorized access to the ADB Cloud and that communications
between the client and server are fully encrypted and cannot be intercepted or altered.
• Certificate based authentication uses an encrypted key stored in a wallet on both the client
(where the application is running) and the server (where your database service on the ADB
Cloud is running). The key on the client must match the key on the server to make a
connection. A wallet contains a collection of files, including the key and other information
needed to connect to your database service in the ADB Cloud.
• You can specify IP addresses (or CIDR block) allowed to access the ADB using the access
control list. This access control list will block all IP addresses that are not in the list from
accessing the database.
 Connecting to the Autonomous Database
Access Control List

CLIENT COMPUTER CIDR Block 240.0.0.0/4

IP Address Public IP of NAT

Gateway 2 Route
Table
IP Address 123.254.7.10

ODBC Wallet/Keystore IP Address 129.146.160.9 NAT/Service

Gateway
PRIVATE SUBNET
10.2.2.0/24 Security
Lists

Wallet/Keystore
JDBC OCI 1

ACL
Public Internet
JDBC “Thin”
TCP/IP Encrypted using SSH Route
Oracle Call over Public Internet Table

Interface (OCI)
Internet 3
Gateway Public IP 129.146.160.9
Security
PUBLIC SUBNET 10.1.3.0/24 Lists
AVAILABILITY DOMAIN
Public IP 123.254.7.10 TENANCY VCN 10.0.0.0/16
REGION

1 Connecting to Autonomous Database Warehouse (ADW) or Autonomous Transaction Processing (ATP) from Public Internet
Connecting to ADW or ATP (via NAT or Service Gateway) from a server running on a private subnet in OCI (in the same tenancy)
2
Connecting to ADW or ATP from a server running on a public subnet in OCI (in the same tenancy)
3
Troubleshooting connectivity issues
• Ensure that the Access Control List for the Autonomous Database (ADB) has the necessary
entries for CIDR Block ranges and IP addresses, as your use case dictates.
• When connecting to ADB from a client computer behind a firewall, the firewall must permit
the use of the port specified in the database connection when connecting to the servers in the
connection. The default port number for Autonomous Data Warehouse is 1522 (find the port
number in the connection string from the tnsnames.ora file in your credentials ZIP file). Your
firewall must allow access to servers within the .oraclecloud.com domain using (TCP) port
1522.
• When connecting to ADB from a server running on a private subnet (on the same OCI tenancy
as the ADB), ensure that you have a service gateway or NAT gateway attached to the VCN.
The route table for the subnet needs to have the appropriate routing rules for the service
gateway or NAT gateway. The security lists for the subnet will need to have the right egress
rules.
• For connections originating from a server running on a public subnet (on the same OCI
tenancy as the ADB), ensure that route table and security lists are appropriately configured.
Scaling Your Database
Scale your database on demand without tedious manual steps
• Independently scale compute or storage
• Resizing occurs instantly, fully online
• Memory, IO bandwidth, concurrency scales linearly with CPU
• Close your database to save money when not used
• Restart instantly
 Monitoring
• Service Console based monitoring
§ Simplified monitoring using the web-based service console.
§ Historical and real-time database and CPU utilization monitoring.
§ Real Time SQL Monitoring to monitor running and past SQL statements.
§ CPU allocation chart to view number of CPUs utilized by the service.
• Performance Hub based monitoring
§ Natively integrated in the OCI console and available via a single click from the ADB detail
page
§ Active Session History (ASH) analytics
§ Real Time SQL monitoring
Autonomous Database (ADB) Cloud – Backup and recovery
• Autonomous Database Cloud automatically backs up your database for you. The
retention period for backups is 60 days. You can restore and recover your database to any
point-in-time in this retention period.
• Autonomous Database Cloud automatic backups provide weekly full backups and daily
incremental backups.
• Manual backups for your ADB database is not needed.
• But, you can do manual backups using the cloud console if you want to take backups
before any major changes, for example before ETL processing, to make restore and
recovery faster. The manual backups are put in your Cloud Object Storage bucket. When
you initiate a point-in-time recovery Autonomous Database Cloud decides which backup
to use for faster recovery.
• You can initiate recovery for your Autonomous Database using the cloud console.
Autonomous Database Cloud automatically restores and recovers your database to the
point-in-time you specify.
• Network Access Control Lists (ACL)s are stored in the database with other database
metadata. If the database is restored to a point in time the network ACLs are reverted back
to the list as of that point in time.
Autonomous Database Cloud – Cloning
• Autonomous Database provides cloning where you can choose to clone either the full
database or only the database metadata.
• Full Clone: creates a new database with the source database’s data and metadata.
• Metadata Clone: creates a new database with the source database’s metadata without the
data.
• When creating a Full Clone database, the minimum storage that you can specify is the
source database’s actual used space rounded to the next TB.
• You can only clone an Autonomous Database instance to the same tenancy and the same
region as the source database.
• During the provisioning for either a Full Clone or a Metadata Clone, the optimizer statistics
are copied from the source database to the cloned database.
• The following applies for optimizer statistics for tables in a cloned database:
§ Full Clone: loads into tables behave the same as loading into a table with statistics
already in place.
§ Metadata Clone: the first load into a table after the clone clears the statistics for that
table and updates the statistics with the new load.
Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud – Cloning screenshots
Pre-defined Services for Autonomous Data Warehouse
3 pre-defined database services identifiable as
high, medium and low
• Choice of performance and
concurrency for ADW Example for a database with 16 OCPUs
HIGH No of concurrent
Max idle time CPU shares
• Highest resources, lowest concurrency queries

• Queries run in parallel HIGH 3 5 mins 4

MEDIUM
• Less resources, higher concurrency MEDIUM 20 5 mins 2

• Queries run in parallel

LOW 32 1 hour 1
LOW
• Least resources, highest concurrency *When connecting for replication purposes, use the LOW database service
name. For example, use this service with Oracle GoldenGate connections.
• Queries run serially
Pre-defined Services for Autonomous Transaction Processing
• Five pre-defined database services controlling priority and parallelism
• Different services defined for Transactions and Reporting/Batch

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN

SERVICES NAME PARALELLISM
SHARES
Operations run in parallel and
HIGH 4
are subject to queuing
Operations run in parallel and
MEDIUM 2
are subject to queuing
LOW 1 None
TPURGENT 12 Manual
TP 8 None
For Transaction Processing For Reporting or batch processing
Autonomous Database
Demo
Autonomous Database - Dedicated
Autonomous Data Warehouse & Autonomous Transaction Processing
 Autonomous Database - Dedicated
• The Autonomous Dedicated database service provides a private database
cloud running on dedicated Exadata Infrastructure in the Public Cloud.
• It has multiple levels of isolation protects you from noisy or hostile
neighbors.
• Customizable operational policies give you control of provisioning, software
updates, availability and density.
Autonomous Database- Dedicated
Physical Characteristics and constraints

• Quarter rack X7 Exadata Infrastructure SHOP …. SHIP

• 2 severs( 92 OCPU, 1.44TB RAM)

• 3 Storage Servers ( 76.8TB Flash, 107TB Disk)
• Cluster / Virtual Cloud Network WEB STORE
RAC CLUSTER
• 1 Cluster per quarter rack
• Autonomous Container Database
• Maximum of 4 per Cluster
• Autonomous Database
• High Availability SLA – Maximum 100 DBs
• Extreme Availability SLA – Maximum 25 DBs
Autonomous Database- Dedicated
High Level Deployment Flow

Provision Create
Create
Autonomous Autonomous
Create VCN Autonomous
Exadata Container
Database
Infrastructure Database
Autonomous Database - Dedicated
Security

• Databases always encrypted

• Reduced attack surface
• Automatic protection of customer data from Oracle operations staff
• Database Vault’s new Operations Control feature
• Oracle automatically applies security updates for the entire stack
• Quarterly, or off-cycle for high-impact security vulnerability
• Customer can separately use Database Vault for their own user data isolation
Summary
You should now be able to
• Compare Autonomous Database (ADB) with DB System Cloud offerings in OCI
• Describe the features of Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud - Serverless and Autonomous
Data Warehouse Cloud - Dedicated, Autonomous Transaction Processing - Serverless and
Autonomous Transaction Processing – Dedicated
• Describe how to deploy, use and manage ADB
 Additional resources
• Autonomous Data Warehouse Service Documentation
https://docs.oracle.com/en/cloud/paas/autonomous-data-warehouse-cloud/
• Autonomous Transaction Processing Documentation
https://docs.oracle.com/en/cloud/paas/atp-cloud/index.html
• Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud for Experienced Oracle Database Users
https://docs.oracle.com/en/cloud/paas/autonomous-data-warehouse-
cloud/user/experienced-database-users.html - GUID-58EE6599-6DB4-4F8E-816D-
0422377857E5
• Migrating Amazon Redshift to Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud
https://docs.oracle.com/en/cloud/paas/autonomous-data-warehouse-
cloud/user/migrating.html - GUID-A00E1C78-BCB1-46E9-97FA-DD1B377DF1F2
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