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Trignometric Equations Class 11

very important notes for pcm class 11

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164 views28 pages

Trignometric Equations Class 11

very important notes for pcm class 11

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Darshbir Singh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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{TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS | p14 SOME DEFINITIONS S QNOMETRIC EQUATIONS The equations containing # Cees Teron as rigonometic eatin osx=2, sin x=0, tan x= 3 etc. are trigonometric equations 2 OF ATRIGONOMETAIC EQUATION A solution ofa trigonometric equation | Sanu angle tat satisfies the equation 1 é : Consider th equation sin x =J, This equation iscleary satisfied by x= =, netric functions of w the oalue of the tc. So, these are its solutions. Solving an equation means to find the set ofall values of the unknown angle which satisfy the given equation. Consider the equation 2.cos x +1=0 or cosx=~1/2 This equation is clearly satisfied by 2x 4x aoe ete 3 Since the trigonometric functions are periodic. Therefore, if a trigonometric equation has a solution, itwill have infinitely many solutions. For example, solutions of 2 cos x +1 =0, These solutions can be put together in compact form as 2nx where isan integer. This solution is known as the general solution. Thus a solution generalised by means of periodicity is known as the general solution. ahd from the above discussion that solving an equation means to find its general aes GENERAL SOLUTIONS OF TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS Section, we shall obtain the general solutions of the trigonometric equati #2=0, cos x=0,tan x =0 and cot x =0. oe hia 1 Prove that the general solution of sin x = is given by x =nn,nZ. Ina OMP, we obtain sin x 2M oP a MATHEMATICN ALITER In chapter 6, we have learnt that the curve y (#2, 0) etc. Thus, sin = Oat x=nx,n€Z. THEOREM 2 Prove that the general solution of tan x=Oisx=nn, ne Z. PROOF By definition, PM niiow [See Fg. tna) sin xeuts saxisat points 0,0), (4 +0, tan x PM OM PM =0 OP coincides with OX or, OX’ x=0, 5, 2n, x ann, neZ. Hence, x = mx, n€Z is general solution of tan x THEOREM 3. Prove thatthe general solution of cos x=0 is x =(2n+1)5, meZ. x -2n, QED. oa [See Fig. 111) OP coincides with OY or, OY" ep Pena cae, x= (QnsF, nez. uuu: g & u Hence, the general solution of cos x=Ois x =(2n+1) 5, neZ. QED. THEOREM 4 Prove tha the general solution of cot ROOF By defiion, one ig, 111) += OM [see Fig, cox =0 OM eae e PM = oM- => OP coincides with OY or, OY" ie = on oe =(1+1)% mez. sx =(2n+1)7 Hence, x=(2n+1)F,neZ is the general solution of cot x =0. QED. NOTE Since secx>1, or secx <~1 , therefore sec x=0 does not have any solution. Similarly cosee x = 0 has no solution. “ae 12 4nignonernic EQUATIONS ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES LEVEL-+ Find the general solutions ofthe following equations F sin? 2x =0 q sin 2x=0 mon (i) Wehave, Brea, =0= x=na} Se = nn, wheren ¢Z [> sinx (i) sin =0 [sin x=0=> x=nr] mx gin? 2x<0= sin 2x=0 = 2x=nn,neZ => x=7, neZ xamrue2 Find the general solutions ofthe following equations: (i) cos (iii) cos? 3x=0 (i) cos 3x=0 SOLUTION We know that the general solution of the equation cos x=0isx=(2n+1)5,neZ ‘Therefore, () cos 3x = = 3x = Ont) pneZ=>x = (2n+1)=, neZ 6 Qn+1) =, meZ 3 3x 3x x Ee = (2n+1)* neZ>x os 0 = td) 5 ne (ii) cos? 3x = 0 = cos 3x = 0 = 3x = (2n+1)%, meZ = x = Qnt)F, neZ. EXAMPLES Find the general solutions of the following equations: ( tan 2x = 0 (tan > = 0 (ii) tan = = 0 SOWTION We know that the general solution of the equation tan x=Qis x=nn,meZ, 0 fan 2x = 0 = 2x = nnneZ > x=", neZ We bn ® ) ee > x =2nn, neZ wy” a fn Fs 0 5 SE Sun nez = = St nez | ee Tone 5 Prove that the general solution of sin x= sin a is given by: x =nn+(-1)" a, neZ. We have, sin x =sin a sinx-sina = 0 Pain (752) cs eto 2 W4 MATHEMAT = sin(*58) : 2) x-a xt 2 x = Qm+1F,mez rs xX = 2mn+a, €Z or, x = (2m41)x-a,meZ = x = (Any even multiple of x) +a or, x = (Any odd multiple of x) ~ a <= = x =nx+(-1)"a, whereneZ QED The equation cosec x = cosec a. is equivalent to sin x=sin a. Thus, cosec x = sin a have the same general solution msec THEOREM 6 Prove that the general solution of cos x = cos «is given by: x =2nn + a, wheren ey PROOF We have, cos x = cosa e cos x-—cosa = 0 e oe oe eo x=2nn—-a or, x = Innt+a,neZ oe x=2nnta,neZ. rp, REMARK2 Since sec x=sec a <> cos x=cos a. So, the general solutions of cos x= cos a ant sec x = Sec a are same. THEOREM 7 Prove that the general solution of tan x =tan a.is given by: x PROOF We have, tan x=tana sinx sina m+ a,neZ, FS cosx cosa @ sin xcosa~cos x sin a =0 @ sin(x-a)=0 eS x-aennneZ @ x=nntaneZ QED, REMARKS Since tan x=tan a <> cotx=cot.a. So, general solutions of cot.x=cota ani tan x =tan aare same, In order to find the general solutions of trigonometrical equations of the form sin x =sin a, cos x =cos and tan x = tan a, we may use the following algorithm. ALGORITHM STEP Find a value of x, preferably between O and 2n or between ~ x and x, satisfying the give! equation and call it a. STEP If the equation is sin x =sin o., write x =nn +(~1)" a,n © Z as the general solution. For the equation cos x = cos «., write x =2nn + a, n € Z as the general solution. For the equation tan x = tan a, write x =nn+ a, n ¢ Z as the general solution. Following examples illustrate the algorithm, TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS 15 es... ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES Type ON FINDING THE GENERAL SOLUTIONS OF THE EQUATIONS OF THE FORM sin x =sin a, cos x = cos a , tan x =tan a FXAMPLE1 Find the general solutions of the following equations: v3 (i sin x= (ii) 2sin x+1=0 (iii) cosec x =2 2 eu SOLUTION (i) A value of x satisfying sin x = 3 2 is 3 Peet = sin x = sin” > x = nx+(-1)" = neZ 2 3 3 i) | Wehave, 2sinx+1=0 = sin x=} Avalue of x satisfying this equation is ~ x/6. = sinz=—> 2) sin r=sin(-*) 6 A same+1)"(-2)nez > xenn+(- neZ. (i) We have, cosec x =2 => sinx=3= sinx=sin > rann+ (IE meZ rete Bits IXAMPLE2 Find the general solutions of the following equations: 6) cosx = (i) cos 3 = ~F (iii) V3 sec 2x = 2 SOLUTION () cosx = 5 => cosx = cos => x= Inet, mez 116 MATHEMATICN.y EXAMPLES Solve the following trigonometric equations: @ tnx = + (i tan 2x = V3 Gi) tan 3x = Ei neZ 6 SOLUTION (i) tan x = tan x = tan F=> x = e+ ey Zanes (-9"(-3)- "67 x = 2nns(-1"* a, neZ — ees Ic EQUATIONS 9.7 ri@oNlomer J] ON FINDING THE GENERAL SOLUTION OF THE EQUATIONS REDUCIBLE TO THE FORMS Fin x=sin a, cos x=cos a, tan x=tan sues sletie uation: Sin + sin 3x + sin Sx =0 on Wehave, souuTiosin x + sin 3x + sin Sz (Gin 5x +sin x) + sin 3x 0 0 7 sin 3x cos 2x + sin 3x = 0 f gin 3x (2c0s 2x +1) = 0 7 sin3x = 0 or 2cos2x+1 = 0 2 sin 3x = 0 0r, cos 2x = 2 por sin gr = 0-9 Sx=nn = x= neZ ‘And, 00s 22 = 2n fame 2= = <09 +2" meZ 2 = Int Sme x nt =, meZ. = ramnts Hence the general solution of the given equations: x = = | where m, me Z. BUMPLES Solve the equation: cos x + cos 3x ~2 cos 2x = 0 SOLUTION We have, cos x + c0s 3x ~2 cos 2x 200s 2x cos x ~2cos 2x 20s 2x (cos x~1) = 0 0s 2x = Dor, cosx-1 = 0 0 0) Foo cos 2x = 0 > 2x = Qn+F mez =x = Qn+IF mez And, cosx-1 = 0 2 sx =1 > sx = 0050 2 t= Wmnt0,meZ 2 X= nz,meZ | Bee x= Gay? or, x =2mn, where m,n € Z. Now, sin MATHEMATIC aa = x And, cos see ora Hence, x = EXAMPLES Solve the following equations: (@ sin 2x+cosx=0 —[NCERT] (i) sin 3x+ cos 2x=0 (iii) sin 2x + sin 4x + sin 6x =0 SOLUTION (i) sin 2x + cos x => cos x = —sin 2x = cosx = cos(¥ +25) = x = 2nxe(#+2x), mez Taking positive sign, we have * x =2nn+—+2e 2 = ax = dnnt mez oa x = -2an—F, eZ = x= 2mn-5, where m = —neZ. ‘Taking negative sign, we have x = nx E42x)> Bx = dm-F 3 = are, eZ, x = 2mn—F, or, x ore, where m, neZ. sin 3x+cos2x = 0 cos 2x = ~sin 3x = cwsdr= cos(F x) = k= dans (E+ 9x), neZ Taking positive sign, we have Qzle Dans 5+ 3x E'S spigoNOMETRIC EQUATIONS 1.9 x a = Inn 5 _ x = -2n-F Bei 2mx 7, where —n m ‘aking negative sign, we have 2x = 2nn—F— 3x = 5x = 2nn +s ee Be 2 5 10 i x Hence, * = =" = where m,neZ (ii) Wehave, sin 2x+sin 4x + sin 6x = 0 sin 4x + (sin 2x + sin 6x) = 0 2 ZS sin 4x+2sin 4x cos2x = 0 = sin 4x(1+2cos 2x) = SB sin4x=00r,1+2cos2x= 0 = sin 4x = Oor,cos2x - _1 Now, sin 4x = 0=> 4x =nz,neZ = x = neZ And, cos 2x > cos2x = 2x = Inet =, mez => x=mnt=, meZ 3 » Where m,neZ. nx Hence, x="* or, x=mn+ = 4 3 FAMPLE9 Find the sum of all solutions of cosx cos x+5) cos 5 -2) =) xe[0, 6 3 3 4 SOLUTION We have, cess cos(% x 3 1 1 y Reece Sx => % ) a a i cosx cos( ¥+x) cos( 3x 5 ws 3x=1 > 6083x=cos0 => 3x=2nn,neZ=> x= neZ M10, 6x], Therefore, x =0, 28, 4%, $8 8k, 18x 23 iat 3 Sum of ll these solutions = 04 Fs SE — Hence, required sum =30n 2n_ 9x10 + 9) ==" (42434..4 =x =30n 11.10 ATHENA ' EXAMPLE 10 Solve: sin x SOLUTION We have, sin x—2 sin 2x + sin 3x-= cos x2 cos 2x + cos 3x in 2x + sin 3x = cos x ~2 cos 2x + cos 3x (Sin 3x + sin x) -2sin 2x = (cos 3x + cos x) -2cos2x 2sin 2xcosx-2sin 2x 1cos 2x c0s.x—2cos 2x 2sin 2x (cosx—1) = 2eos 2x (cosx—1) 2(cosx—1) (sin 2x — cos 2x) =0 2(cosx-1) cosx cosx 0 or, sin 2x -cos 2x =0 or, sin 2x = cos2x cos0 or, tan 2x=1 VUUUDUU y cosx=cos0 or, tan 2r=tan = = EneZ Ske Dan or, 2rann+F,neZ => x=2i of, r=mn+F, EXAMPLE11 Solve the following equations: 2x49 43 = @ 2cos*x+3sinx = 0 [NCERT] (i) co? x+ 43 = 0 (iii) 2 tan x—cotx = -1 (iv) 4c0sx—3secx = tan x (v) tan? x+(1—V3) tan x- V3 =0 (vi) sec? 2x =1— tan 2x INCERT) SOLUTION (i) 2 cos? x+3sin x = 0 2(1-sin? x) +3sin x = 0 2sin? x-3sin @-2 = 0 > 2sin? x—4sin x+sinx-2 = 0 => —_ 2sin x(sin x2) +1(sin x-2) => (sin x-2)(2sinx+1) = 0 | => 2sinx+1=0 [+ sinx #2 +. sin x-2+0) => sinz= ed = meZ> x mes(-at) E, ne2 | «i sin = cosec* x14 3.cosecx+3 = 0 2 cosec? x+ Beosecx+2 = 0 = (cosec x +2)(cosec x +1) = 0 => ® Jo r= me(-9p(-2), neZ => x =nns(-1't! © neZ 6 a aaa priGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS 1 ? sink 2 sinx = o sinx = sin 0 ( xennt(-1 +1 1 2) =x nei Hence, y 6 eee = «cot * = > tan x- -1 tan x 0 = 2tan? x +2 tan x—tan x 2 Dtan? x+tanx-1 mn + (-1)"( or, x = mn+(-1)"+1% 0 14.11 3) meZ = > x=mn+(-1"*1 2 aim neZ © 2tan x (tan x +1) (tan x +1) =0 (tan x +1) (2 tan x-1)=0= tan x=—1or, tan x =x =mn+a, where tana = Hence, x = x nn—= or, io (iv) 4cos x~ 3 see x 3 cos x tan x | sin x cos x = 40s x — = 4cos*x-3 = sin x = 4(1-sin? x)-3 = sin x = 4sin? x+sinx-1 = 0 x 2 mn+a,wherem, neZ and tana Ssinx = EM sins Now, sin x = —1+ 7 Ssinx = sina, wheresin @ * = nn+(-1)" a, where sin a And, sin x = —1-VI7 8 PMN = sinp, where sinB = — and meZ -1-Vi7 or, sin x 1+ 17 8 we SRE UA where sin tan xe -VN um xv = 0 ten? rs tan x VF tan x V/ tan (tan r+ 2)—VS (an x41) = 0 (ean x = 1)(tan x—V3) = 0 tanx+1 = Oortanx-V3 = 0 tnx = 1 oe, tne wer =-1s tne x=me-™,neZ 4 mez =v = tn = x =e % oe, x = mas =, where m, neZ. a 3 se? 2x = 1 tan 2 fs tan? 2x = 1-tan 2r tan? 2x tan 2r=0 tan 2r(tan 2x +1)=0 tan 2r = 0 or, tan 2x+1=0= tan 2x=0 or, tan 2x=-1> {Applying Componendo- x="%+(-1)" = neZ sin = 2ranes(-IF,neZ > x= ay en a |ONOMETRIC EQUATIONS XAMPLEDS Solve the following equation (ianx+tn2x+tanxtan2x—1 Gi) tany stan oy (i) tan xttan 2x+V3 tan x tan 2x=V3 (iv) tan y+ tan (, tan( x» 22 SOWUTION (i) tan x+ tan 2x + tan x tan 2x — 4 tan x+ tan 2x = 1~tan x tan 2x x + tan 2x a ‘T= tan x tan 2x pets 1 tn dz tan ® 3 ie = mx @ warttan2xstan 3x — tan vtan 2x tan 32 = tanx+tan 2x = ~tan 3x+tan x tan 2x tan 3, S fanx+tan 2x = —tan 3x(1 ~tan x tan 25) So mmrtan2e i-tan x tan 2x SS tan(x+22) = ~tan 3x = tan 3x = ~tan 3x > 2tan 3x = fan 3x = 0 => 3x =n, nez sical nez. Gi) tan x + tan 2x4 V7 tan xtan 2x = /3 tan x+tan 2x = Y3(1 5 nes tine Beane ian a > tan3x = V3 = tan 3x = tan = tan x tan 2x) =V3 = 3x = n+ x m+= neZox=™, 3 3 ) tn setan(s+®)tn(x-28) = 5 Buenas fanx+tan = tan r+ tan 2% Sees ten A-tanxtan™ "1 —tan xtan 2 a 1tan xtan 2 - tanx+J3 | tanx-V3 fan x + 18: stan x—V3 IV tan = *1+J3 tan x Pees Stan x ; 1=3tan?x ~ SM x-3tan? x48 tans AB z= Stan? x 8 tan | 13 tan? x |» | > =nn+* meZ=>x 4 = .neZ, 2 11.93 11.14 [ LEVEL-2 | ? x tan? 3x tan 4x = tan?x—tan? 3x+ tan 4 EXAMPLE 14 Sol SOLUTION We have 2 2 tan? 3x4 tan4x an 4x =tan = tan? 3x~ tan? x =tan 4x— tan? x tan? tan? 3x — tan? x =tan 4x(1—tan? x tan t t 1 —tan? xtan? 3x tan3x+tanx | tan + tan 3x tanx tan 4x > tan 4x tan 3x tan tan 4x = tan (3x +2) tan (3x— tan 4x = tan 4x tan tan 4x (tan2x-1) =0 tan 2x-1=0 | | tan4x=0 or, tan 4x =0 or, tan 2x=tan 4x =nxor EXAMPLE 15 Solve: secx-1=(V SOLUTION We have 2-1) tan x 1 tan==y2-1| 1 =tan = tanx 5 8 J secx-1 sinx sin Toe er 1 —cos. | cosx # Oasx#(2 HI cos xc0s cos x cos = =sin xsin 8 sin x sin = + cos x cos = =cos . 8 8 cos(x-Z )= cos & neZ iS x=2nn+ or, x=2in,neZ 4 EXAMPLE 16 Find the value of x €(—n, m) satisfying the equation 14+ |cosx|+ cos?x+ |cos3 x] +... 8 =4?, SOLUTION We have, git leosz|+ cos?x+|cos?x| + cos x...t00 2 4, 2+) cos9x/+ cos! gl + loose] + cos A al METRIC EQUATIONS 45 1 os] 2g? ei 8 g = 1 =2 = 1-|cosx|=— = | cosx 5 = cosx x= = 2 cosx| é “4 " 413 GENERAL SOLUTIONS OF TRIGONOMETRICAL EQUATIONS OF THE FORM gin? x = sin? a, cos* x = cos? a, tan? x tan? a eM Prove that. ( sin? x=sin? a= x=nn+a,nez (ii) cos? x= cos? > x mta,ne (ii) tan? x=tan? a> x=nnta,nez Fists 2 ook (i) sin? x = sin? « Poke ee Binsin? x = 2sin2a = 1-c0s 2x = 1-cos 2a = cos 2x = cos2a = k= Int2a, neZ > x = meta, nez i) cos? x = cos? = -2cos*x = 2c0s7 a 3 14008 2x=1+ cos 20 > cos 2x = cos 2a. > = Innt2a,neZ => x =nnta,neZ (i) tan? x = tan2 @ = leten? x = Letan? a V+tan?x 1+tan2a > Baas S828 2x—2ont 2a, neZ = fama ned QE. Ea ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES AMPLE? Solos: 7: cos” x +3 sin? x = 4 SOWNON We have, Wie x4 3 sin? x4 e Wain? x) +3 sin2 x24 > x = sin? = 11.16 puyusus =nns= = ma+*, wherem, neZ Hence, x = mx+> or + 4 EXAMPLES Solve: sin 3a. = 4sin a sin ( SOLUTION Wehave, aE MATHEMATICR Asin? x cos? x+2sin? x = 2 2sin? xcos*x+sin? x =1 2sin? x cos? x-(1-sin?x) = 0 2sin? xcs? x-cos* x = 0 cos? x(2sin? x1) = 0 0 or, sin?x cos? x = 0 or, 2sin? x-1 = 0 => cos’ cos Resta cet ted 2 a x eS te an? ox met mee 2 4 4 (eeverz] z+ a) sin (x-a), wherea # n,n eZ sin 3a = 4sina sin (x+ a) sin (x—@) sin a (sin? x—sin? @) sin 30 gsin a —4sin? a=dsin? xsin a—4sin? 3sina = 4sin? xsina sin? x = 4sin x sin 2x sin 4x sin 3x Asin x sin (3x ~2).sin (32+) = sin 3x Asin x (sin? 3x -sin? x)} = 3sin x4 sin? x 3 4 sin x sin? 3x-45sin? x=3 sin x-4 sin? x 4 sin xsin? 3x=35sin x ssin x(4 sin? 3x3) sin x = Oor, 4sin? 3x-3 sin x = 0 or sin? 3x =2 sinz = 0 > x =nn, neZ mn, MELE mel 859 | spiGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS "a7 sin? x 2 pXAMPLES Solve: 818 * +81" * - 30, 0 gisin? x _ 31 2 = 4sin?x=1= sin?x= = sin?x=sin?= > x=nnt = neZ 6 6" Ey 4 Hence, x=nn+ ® or x=nn+,neZ 3 6 114 TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS OF THE FORM Wearz4bsinx=c,wheres,b,ceR such that || sa? +P ae met ipatorrequatians, we. first reduce them. in\the form. coe x =. cos Gx 08 The following algorithm provides the method of solution. ALGORITHM STEEL Obtain the equation a cos x +b sin x SIEM Puta=r cos a and b =r sin a, where r = ATE Using he substitution in step the atone os B (Sa) = tan“! (b/a). a2 0% and tan a =b/aie. 108 (x~a)=c = cos (x ~ a) r ATELY Solve the equation obtained in step IIL j discussed earlier. nas a. || Mati ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES mre EXAMPLE) Solve: /3 7 v3 cos x ¢ si 2 SOLUTION We have. ara a N Woh . INCERT F ~ Xt Es sin x a is of the form ; This eccsx4 Sos x +b sin x=c, wherea=/3,b=1andc = 2. b= =V2. Let a=r oq, “ cosa at > x=2nn- Hence, x=20n+ 2 or, 2 ALITER We have, /3cosx+sinx=2 Dividing both sides by (3)? +1” =2,we obtain 3 PA = cosx+ —sinx = 2 2 So coeronnssox soc : 6 6 =o eals-Z)omy 6 4 oe Ea Dons 5, wheren eZ x x eee =) Fran 4 -F ann 40a anne or, xennt(-1)" 7 2 Zz me | itnisev Pha rie ee Mes) kk ye nn-4—75 / ifnis odd ris nn+= , ifniseven Pee 6 Ce |nn-2 , itnis oad n=, odd 5 We have, (V3-1) cos x+ (V3 +1) sinx=2 Dividing throuhout by (/3 -1)2 +(/3 +1) [Bm pert 1 3 Ee Biee 22)" hoo i Berean Te) (fale ke. > conx( cos cos ts Esin ®) (sin & cos Feo Ssin®) BOT) ein sin( 2+") 2 > cos xeos(E+8) 4 xsin(# #)-% = 08x cos 2% + sin x sin ° = cos™ 4 > cos(x-5*) x 12, 4 5 Sepa = ez Beeeeti + 2" or r= Inns 2 in ez 3 6 ae ______ EXERCISE 11.1 ‘ LEVEL 1 Find the general solutions of the following equations: i 1 Mains = 2 (i) cosx=- 2 (ii) cose x =- V2 A) see VE 1 ieee : () tan x= (vi) V3 see x the general solutions of the following equations: sin 2x = Y3 (ii).cos ox = + (iii) sin 9x = sin x 2 (vi) tan 3x = cot x (oy) tan px = cot qx (xii) sin 3x + cos 2x =0 11.22 MATHEMay 3. Solve the following equations: a ; 1 i) sin s @ osx] (ii) 2 cos? x-5 cos x+2=0 (iii) 2 sin? x+ 3 cosx+1 = 0 (iv) 4 sin? x—8 cos x+1=0 (v) tan? x+(1-V3)tanx-J3=0 (i) 3082 p23 sin x 608 x3 sin? 5 (vii) cos 4 x= cos 2.x 4. Solve the following equations: () cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x (i) cos x+008.3x-c0s2x=0 — (NCERY Gi) sin x+ sin 5x = sin 3x liv) cos x cos 2x c08 34 = 7 (vi) sin x+ sin 2r + sin 3x =0 (vii) sin x + sin 2x + sin 3x + sin 4x=0 (viii) sin 3x-sin x=4 cos ? x-2 () sin 2x—sin 4x + sin 6x=0 _[NCERT] 5. Solve the following equations: (i) tan x + tan 2x + tan 3x (ii) tan 3x + tan x = 2tan 2x 6. Solve the following equations: = (@ sin x + cos x=V2 (ii) V3 cos x + sin x (ii) sin x + cos x = 1 (w) (V3 -1) cos x +(V3 +1) sin x=2 7. Solve the following equations: (@ cot x+tan x=2 (i) 2 sin? x =3 cos x,0, eZ (ii) x=2nn Fr nez (i) x=Pms, nez (iv) x=2nx 5 neZ ysem-F or x=mn4 = , wherem, nez 3/ Wherem, ne - Gi)zene—F or roms %, wherem, neZ mn nn, xe eZ nxn ine ur or x= =2nns 28, m,neZ RACs 2n5) mnez a (al Fades 28, mneZ a a Eanes 5 : oe) #=Qm+1)%,mnez ag ior net, neZz BB 8ed 0, Where qe tnt and m,nez et cone, Wherem,n eZ X=nn, wheren ¢Z qe nez, x 11.24 = MATHEMATICg ) xm (4n+1)® of xa(2m-1)® mnez 6 (iii) x=2nn or Zo 2m +=, m,neZ () x=2nn+ OF x= Inn 7 mez 5x 7. @ x=2nntFnez Gi) x= 5,75 (iii) x= (iv) xanxt FE nez ) x= tk nez pes wi) xa 2nne Exons (ay (vii) x=20 07, x= 728 4 ner =2int = neZ (ili) xan ex =F nez (oy x=20nt 5 8. xann+(-I"5,x=2n+ 5 neZ 9. x=nx+a, x =nx+B, where tan a =2, tan B=2,neZ x 10. x=net FT neZ ooo 4.Gi) Wehave, nin Nae ee 52 oe 22-0 2 cos 2x cosx —cos 2x =0 cos 2x (2 cos x1) =0 cos 2x =0 or, 2cosx-1=0 cos 2x =0 oF, cos x=1/2 z x cos 2x =0 > 2x=(2n+1)F neZ = x=(2n+) F nez HINTS TO NCERT & SELECTED PROBLEMS ot 1 EOE og sl aN x Iepeay oom fs POE 2 Pac emnt mez, (iv) 008% 00s 2x cos 3x is 2 (2c0sxco0s2x) cos 3x=1 => 2 (cos 3x + cos.x) cos 3x =1 200s? 3x + 20s 3x cosx =1 200573x + cos4x + cos2x =1 (2cos”3x-1)+ cos4x +cos2x =0 ©086x + cos2x + cos4x =0) 2 cos4x cos2x+ cos4x=0 008 4x (2cos2x +1) =0 €084x =0, 2cos2x+1=0 osx = 02x = cos 2H VUMVNuyy es MADE Den dant ne = rar) cannes? neZ (&) Wehave, 3 5 sin 2x—sin 4x + sin 6x =0 > sin 6x + sin 2x ~sin 4x =0 i 4 es 11.25 oMETRIC EQUATIONS pin 4x cvs 2x-sin 4x=0 find (2.0082x-1) =O sin 4x0 oF, 2.c052x-1=0 nk nna x=", neZ wnar-0> Sean > x=", jow, si i‘ 1 rn 0 = cos 2x = = cos 2x =cos neZ spd, 2.608 2x1 = han x+ tan 2x + tan 3x=0 a tan x + tan 2x + tan (x + 2x) =0 if tan x + tan 2x = tan x tan 2x tan x4 tan 2x+— =0 (anz + tan 22) (2-tanx tan 2x) =0 > tanx+ tan 2x=0or tanx tan 2x ~2 2 Now,tan x + tan 2x =0 2 tan x x+ a ttan 5 tan x(3— tan? x) =0 & tanx=0 or, tan? x-3 eu 4 tan x=0 or tan? x =tan? 2 xenn, xonnt = neZ . and, tan x tan 2x =2 i 1 = x=nnta, where tan a =— (ii) tan 3x tan 2x = tan 2x ~ tan x = Sin(3x-2x) _ sin (2x-x) €08 3x cos 2x cos 2x cos x Mista ||| sin x | 08'3¥ cos 2x Cos 2x cos x >in x c0s 2x (cos 3x — cos 2) =0 ; © > 2sin x cos 2x sin 2x sin x =0 © 2sin? xsin 2x-0 Hitivaltiat he 1 Tau Vet mr Mn PINE =O) or, sin'2x=0 > x =n or, 2x=mn => x=nnor,x =", wheren, me Z 1) 808% “Asin x—cos2x +sin2x =0 it a i * 40081 -4sin x (1 -2sin? x) +2 sin x cosx =0 Asin? x a? 4sinx+2+2sin xcosx—2cosx+2=0 i } *>2sin +1 + cos x (sin x =I) 11.26 A : MATHEMATICg > (sine 1)" + cosx(sinx—1) <9 ; ed (Sim x~2) (sinx—1 + cosx) =0 sinx 9. 3sin? x-Ssin xcosx 4 8cos? > 3tan?x—Stanx48 Stan? x—Stanx48 Px | gl-sints 9 Jo, 28"" x, 21 = 23 Y+ 3 =2V2, where y=287 + 1=0 sinx+cosx sec ti x 2 *2tan?x = tan?x—Stanx+6=0 > (tanx-2) (tanz—3)29 as ~2V2y+2=0 = (y-V2)? <0 y= Va 2887 2? sin? x =) - sin?® VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (VSAQ3) Answer each of the following questions in one word or one sentence or as per exact requirement ofthe question: 1, Write the number of solutions of the equation tan x + sec x = 2 cos xin the interval (0,23) 2. Write the number of solutions of the equation 4 sin x —3 cos x =7. 3. Write the general solution of tan? 2x = 1 4. Write the set of values of a for which the equation V3 sin x ~ cos x = ahas no solution. | 5. Ifcos x =k has exactly one solution in [0, 2x] then write the value(s) of k. 6. Write the number of points of intersection of the curves 2y = Landy = cos x, 0

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