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Tutorial 5

This document contains a tutorial on DC and AC bridges, including Wheatstone bridges and applications. Some key points: 1. A bridge is in balance or null when there is no current through the galvanometer. 2. For a Wheatstone bridge, the value of the unknown resistor R4 can be calculated using a formula when the bridge is balanced. 3. For an AC bridge, the impedances of each arm can be expressed in polar form. Equations can then be derived and solved for unknown impedance values like a resistor in series with an inductor or capacitor when the bridge is balanced.

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SYAFIQAH ISMAIL
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544 views4 pages

Tutorial 5

This document contains a tutorial on DC and AC bridges, including Wheatstone bridges and applications. Some key points: 1. A bridge is in balance or null when there is no current through the galvanometer. 2. For a Wheatstone bridge, the value of the unknown resistor R4 can be calculated using a formula when the bridge is balanced. 3. For an AC bridge, the impedances of each arm can be expressed in polar form. Equations can then be derived and solved for unknown impedance values like a resistor in series with an inductor or capacitor when the bridge is balanced.

Uploaded by

SYAFIQAH ISMAIL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FAKULTIFKEJ.

AKUL ELEKTRONIK &RKEJ.


TI KEJURUTE AAN KOMPUTER
ELEKTRIK
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ilrjGXZYZG

TUTORIAL 5 : DC and AC Bridges

1. What does bridge null or balance mean?

2. Figure 1 shows a diagram of Wheatstone bridge with constant of R1 = 100Ω, R2 = 1000Ω and R3
= 200Ω.
a) Determine the value for the unknown arm, R4 if the bridge is in balance
b) If the value of R4 is changed to 2002Ω, determine the current through galvanometer, Ig if the
battery voltage is 5V and its internal resistance (in battery) is neglected. Hence find the
deflection of the meter if sensitivity is 10mm/µA.

Figure 1

3. Given a Wheatstone bridge as shown in Figure 2 with R1 = 50kΩ, R2 = 10kΩ and R3 = 500Ω,
VDC = 10V and internal resistance of galvanometer, Rg = 100Ω.
a) Obtain the value of Rx when the bridge is in balance
b) If the value of Rx is changed to 200Ω, calculate the current Ig that will flow through the
galvanometer and determine the deflection of galvanometer if its sensitivity is 20cm/A.

Figure 2

4. A Wheatstone bridge is connected for a Varley loop test as shown in Figure 3. When switch is
set to position a, the bridge is balance R1 = 1 kΩ, R2 = 100Ω and R3 = 53Ω. When switch to
position b, the bridge is balance with R3 = 52.9Ω. If the resistance of the shorted cable is
0.015Ω/meter, how many meters the distance from the bridge to a ground fault.

TUTORIAL TUTORIAL 6: AC AND DC BRIDGES


GROUP: 1BEKC2/1BEKE2/1BEKP2 DATE: March 2010 PAGE: 1
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK
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Figure 3

5. Figure 4 shows an application of bridge to control the motor. When there is no light beam direct
to the photocell is 10kΩ. The resistance of the photocell, R will increase from 10kΩ to 40kΩ if
it is interrupted by a light bean. The motor will be ON when the current through amplifier, Iin is
higher than 50µA.

What is the current Iin and what happen to the motor when
a) there is no light beam direct to the photocell
b) the photocell is interrupted

Figure 4

6. Calculate the current Iin in the circuit of Figure 5 when the temperature is 50oC if the resistance
R = 500Ω at 25oC and its resistance increases 0.7Ω per degree

TUTORIAL TUTORIAL 6: AC AND DC BRIDGES


GROUP: 1BEKC2/1BEKE2/1BEKP2 DATE: March 2010 PAGE: 2
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK
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Figure 5

7. A balance ac bridge have the following constants:


Zab = R1 = 500Ω Zcd = Zx
Zbc = R2 = 1kΩ Ydc = Y3 = jω (0.2µF)

A voltage of 10V at 1 kHz is applied to the bridge at points a and c. Sketch diagram and then
calculate the unknown constant, Zx.

8. The ac bridge in Figure 6 is balance frequency 1 kHz and has the following components:
Z1: pure capacitance, C1 = 0.2µF
Z2: pure resistance, R2 = 500Ω
Z3: resistance, R3 = 300Ω series with capacitance C3 = 0.1µF
Zx: Rx series with either Lx or Cx
Find the value of Z1, Z2 and Z3 in polar form and then obtain the value of Rx and Lx or Cx.

Figure 6

9. An alternating current (ac) bridge is balance at 1kHz and has the following components:

2.5kΩ resistor in arm AB


2.3kΩ resistor in series with 2.14µF capacitor in arm BC
100kΩ resistor in arm DA
Unknown impedance (resistor parallel with capacitor)

The supply is connected across arms A and C and the galvanometer across B and D. Draw and
label the circuit diagram and then determine the unknown impedance (Rx and Cx).

TUTORIAL TUTORIAL 6: AC AND DC BRIDGES


GROUP: 1BEKC2/1BEKE2/1BEKP2 DATE: March 2010 PAGE: 3
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK
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10. Given the similar angle bridge of Figure 7. Derive the equation of Rx and Cx at balance and then
determine the values.

Figure 7

11. Given the opposite angle bridge (Hay bridge) as Figure 8. Derive the equation and then find the
equivalent series resistance and inductance (Rx and Lx) at balance.

Figure 8

TUTORIAL TUTORIAL 6: AC AND DC BRIDGES


GROUP: 1BEKC2/1BEKE2/1BEKP2 DATE: March 2010 PAGE: 4

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