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Guia Nro 06: Sistema de Ecuaciones Directo: Function

This document provides instructions for solving systems of linear equations using two methods: backward substitution and Gaussian elimination. It includes the following: 1. A MATLAB function for backward substitution to solve the system Ax=b. 2. A description of the Gaussian elimination method along with a MATLAB function to perform Gaussian elimination on a matrix A and vector b to solve the system Ax=b. 3. Examples of using the Gaussian elimination function to solve sample systems of linear equations.

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Mary Saavedra Contreras
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42 views4 pages

Guia Nro 06: Sistema de Ecuaciones Directo: Function

This document provides instructions for solving systems of linear equations using two methods: backward substitution and Gaussian elimination. It includes the following: 1. A MATLAB function for backward substitution to solve the system Ax=b. 2. A description of the Gaussian elimination method along with a MATLAB function to perform Gaussian elimination on a matrix A and vector b to solve the system Ax=b. 3. Examples of using the Gaussian elimination function to solve sample systems of linear equations.

Uploaded by

Mary Saavedra Contreras
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GUIA NRO 06: SISTEMA DE ECUACIONES DIRECTO

1. PRACTICA DE LABORATORIO
function X= sustitucionRegresiva(A,B)
n=length(B);
X=zeros (n,1);
X(n)= B(n)/A(n,n);
for k=n-1:-1:1
X(k)=(B(k)-A(k,k+1:n)*X(k+1:n))/A(k,k);
end
end

>> A=[1,2,3;0,-4,2;0,0,2]

A=

1 2 3

0 -4 2

0 0 2

>> B=[6;-2;2]

B=

-2

>> X=sustitucionRegresiva(A,B)

X=

1
2. METODO DE ELIMINACION DE GAUS

2.1. EJERCICIO
function [x,err]=gauss_jordan_elim(A,b)
A = [1 2 3;0 -4 2;0 0 2] % input for augmented matrix A
b = [6;-2; 2] % intput for matrix B
[n,m]=size(A); % finding the size of matrix A
err =0; % calculation of error
x=zeros(n,1); % calling fuction zero
if n ~= m
disp('error: n~=m'); % displaying error if found
err = 1;
end % end of the scope of if
if length(b) ~= n % finding the legth of matrix B
disp('error: wrong size of b'); % displaying error, if found
err = 2;
else
if size(b,2) ~= 1
b=b';
end % end of the scope of if-else
if size(b,2) ~= 1
disp('error: b is a matrix'); % displaying erron in matrix B
err = 3;
end
end
if err == 0
Aa=[A,b];
for i=1:n
[Aa(i:n,i:n+1),err]=gauss_pivot(Aa(i:n,i:n+1));
if err == 0
Aa(1:n,i:n+1)=gauss_jordan_step(Aa(1:n,i:n+1),i);
end
end
x=Aa(:,n+1);
end
A=0;
function A1=gauss_jordan_step(A,i) % calling of fuction function

[n,m]=size(A); % determination of size of matrix A


A1=A; % assigning A to A1
s=A1(i,1);
A1(i,:) = A(i,:)/s;
k=[[1:i-1],[i+1:n]];
for j=k
s=A1(j,1);
A1(j,:)=A1(j,:)-A1(i,:)*s;
end % end of for loop
function [A1,err]=gauss_pivot(A) % calling of fucntion
[n,m]=size(A); % finding the size of matrix A
A1=A; % process of assigning
err = 0; % error flag
if A1(1,1) == 0
check = logical(1); % logical(1) - TRUE
i = 1;
while check
i = i + 1;
if i > n
disp('error: matrix is singular');
err = 1;
check = logical(0);
else
if A(i,1) ~= 0 & check
check = logical(0);
b=A1(i,:); % process to change row 1 to i
A1(i,:)=A1(1,:);
A1(1,:)=b;
end
end
end
end

%ejemplo
% A= [61 0 -20; 0 23 -9; -20 -24 64]
% B= [-21 34 12]
% X= gauss_jordan_elim(A, B')

>> gauss_jordan_elim

A =

1 2 3

0 -4 2

0 0 2

b =

-2

ans =

1
2.2. EJERCICIO
function X = EcuaGaussJordan(A)
%datos:
% X: solucion del sistema lineal AX=B,
% A: es una matriz de coeficientes y termino independiente(matriz
ampliada)
% n: numero de ecuaciones
% m: numero de columnas
n = length(A);
m = size(A);
m = m(1,1);
for k= 1:n-1
for i= 1:n-1
if abs(i-k)>0
f= -A(i,k)/A(k,k);
for j= k:n
A(i,j)= f*A(k,j)+ A(i,j);
end
end
end
g=A(k,k);
for j= k:n
A(k,j)= A(k,j)/g;
end
end
for i=1:m
B(i,1)= A(i,n);
end
X= B;
end

%ejemplo 1:
%C=[4.1 0.1 0.2 0.2; 3.1 5.3 0.9 0.1; 0.2 0.3 3.2 0.2; 0.1 0.1 0.2 -9.1]
%D=[21.14 -17.82 9.02 17.08
%A=[C D]
%X = EcuaGaussJordan(A)
>> C=[4.1 0.1 0.2 0.2; 3.1 5.3 0.9 0.1; 0.2 0.3 3.2 0.2; 0.1 0.1 0.2 -9.1]

D=[21.14 -17.82 9.02 17.08

A=[C D]

X = EcuaGaussJordan(A)

C=

4.1000 0.1000 0.2000 0.2000

3.1000 5.3000 0.9000 0.1000

0.2000 0.3000 3.2000 0.2000

0.1000 0.1000 0.2000 -9.1000

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