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Numbers: Algebra With Inequalities: Video Companion

This document provides an introduction to algebra with inequalities (<, >, ≤, ≥). It begins by reviewing algebra with equalities and then discusses the rules and examples for manipulating inequalities, including: 1) If a < b, then a + c < b + c. 2) If a < b, c > 0, then a ∙ c < b ∙ c. If c < 0, then a ∙ c > b ∙ c. 3) Worked examples are provided to demonstrate applying these rules to solve simple inequalities.

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Milind Mohapatra
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51 views4 pages

Numbers: Algebra With Inequalities: Video Companion

This document provides an introduction to algebra with inequalities (<, >, ≤, ≥). It begins by reviewing algebra with equalities and then discusses the rules and examples for manipulating inequalities, including: 1) If a < b, then a + c < b + c. 2) If a < b, c > 0, then a ∙ c < b ∙ c. If c < 0, then a ∙ c > b ∙ c. 3) Worked examples are provided to demonstrate applying these rules to solve simple inequalities.

Uploaded by

Milind Mohapatra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Science Math Skills

Paul Bendich and Daniel Egger


Duke University

Numbers: Algebra with Inequalities


Video companion

1 Introduction
• Review algebra with equalities (=)
– how?
– why?
• Learn algebra with inequalities (<, >, ≤, ≥)
– what works
– A BIG WARNING

2 Algebra with equalities


4=4
4+3=4+3
7=7 X

Rule:
If a = b, then a + c = b + c.

Example:
x + 3 = 10
(x + 3) − 3 = 10 − 3
x=7

Similarly with multiplication,


4=4
2·4=2·4
8=8 X

1
Data Science Math Skills
Paul Bendich and Daniel Egger
Duke University

4=4
(−3) · 4 = (−3) · 4
−12 = −12 X

Rule:
If a, b, and c are numbers, and c 6= 0, and a = b, then c · a = c · b.

Example:

−5x = 15
   
1 1
− · (−5x) = − · 15
5 5
x = −3

3 Algebra with inequalities

4<7
?
4+2<7+2
?
6<9 X

4<7
?
4−1<7−1
?
3<6 X

Rule:
If a < b, then a + c < b + c.

a a+cb b+c R

2
Data Science Math Skills
Paul Bendich and Daniel Egger
Duke University

Example:

x + 3 < 10
(x + 3) − 3 < 10 − 3
x<7

7 R

x ∈ (−∞, 7)

Test cases with multiplication:

5<8
?
3·5<3·8
?
15 < 40 X

5<8
?
(−1) · 5 < (−1) · 8
?
−5 < −8 ×
−5 > −8 !

−8 −5 0 5 8 R

Rule:
Suppose a < b.
If c > 0, then a · c < b · c.
If c < 0, then a · c > b · c.

3
Data Science Math Skills
Paul Bendich and Daniel Egger
Duke University

Example:

−2x < 10
   
1 1
− · (−2x) > − · 10
2 2
x > −5

−5 R

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