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Template Method Design Pattern

The document discusses the template method design pattern. It defines the template method pattern as defining an algorithm's structure and sequence in a parent class while leaving implementation details to child classes. This preserves the overall structure while allowing variation. An example is provided of using the template method pattern to define an order processing workflow that is implemented in different ways for online and in-store orders, but follows the same overall steps. The template method pattern is useful for frameworks, avoiding code duplication, and controlling where subclassing is allowed.

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Radheshyam Nayak
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99 views

Template Method Design Pattern

The document discusses the template method design pattern. It defines the template method pattern as defining an algorithm's structure and sequence in a parent class while leaving implementation details to child classes. This preserves the overall structure while allowing variation. An example is provided of using the template method pattern to define an order processing workflow that is implemented in different ways for online and in-store orders, but follows the same overall steps. The template method pattern is useful for frameworks, avoiding code duplication, and controlling where subclassing is allowed.

Uploaded by

Radheshyam Nayak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hi Team,

#Template #Method #Design #Pattern #Real_Time


Template method design pattern is to define an algorithm as skeleton of operations
and leave the details to be implemented by the child classes. The overall structure
and sequence of the algorithm is preserved by the parent class.
Template means Preset format like HTML templates which has fixed preset
format.Similarly in template method pattern,we have a preset structure method
called template method which consists of steps.This steps can be abstract method
which will be implemented by its subclasses.
This behavioral design pattern is one of the easiest to understand and implement.
This design pattern is used popularly in framework development. This helps to avoid
code duplication also.
AbstractClass contains the templateMethod() which should be made final so that it
cannot be overridden. This template method makes use of other operations available
in order to run the algorithm but is decoupled for the actual implementation of
these methods. All operations used by this template method are made abstract, so
their implementation is deferred to subclasses.

ConcreteClass implements all the operations required by the templateMethod that


were defined as abstract in the parent class. There can be many different
ConcreteClasses.

Lets see an example of the template method pattern.


abstract class OrderProcessTemplate
{
public boolean isGift;
public abstract void doSelect();
public abstract void doPayment();
public final void giftWrap()
{
try
{
System.out.println("Gift wrap successfull");
}
catch (Exception e)
{
System.out.println("Gift wrap unsuccessful");
}
}
public abstract void doDelivery();
public final void processOrder(boolean isGift)
{
doSelect();
doPayment();
if (isGift) {
giftWrap();
}
doDelivery();
}
}
class NetOrder extends OrderProcessTemplate
{
@Override
public void doSelect()
{
System.out.println("Item added to online shopping cart");
System.out.println("Get gift wrap preference");
System.out.println("Get delivery address.");
}
@Override
public void doPayment()
{
System.out.println
("Online Payment through Netbanking, card or Paytm");
}
@Override
public void doDelivery()
{
System.out.println
("Ship the item through post to delivery address");
}
}
class StoreOrder extends OrderProcessTemplate
{
@Override
public void doSelect()
{
System.out.println("Customer chooses the item from shelf.");
}
@Override
public void doPayment()
{
System.out.println("Pays at counter through cash/POS");
}
@Override
public void doDelivery()
{
System.out.println("Item deliverd to in delivery counter.");
}
}
class TemplateMethodPatternClient
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
OrderProcessTemplate netOrder = new NetOrder();
netOrder.processOrder(true);
System.out.println();
OrderProcessTemplate storeOrder = new StoreOrder();
storeOrder.processOrder(true);
}
}
Output :
Item added to online shopping cart
Get gift wrap preference
Get delivery address.
Online Payment through Netbanking, card or Paytm
Gift wrap successfull
Ship the item through post to delivery address
Customer chooses the item from shelf.
Pays at counter through cash/POS
Gift wrap successfull
Item deliverd to in delivery counter.

The above example deals with order processing flow. The OrderProcessTemplate class
is an abstract class containing the algorithm skeleton. As shown on note,
processOrder() is the method that contains the process steps. We have two
subclasses NetOrder and StoreOrder which has the same order processing steps.
So the overall algorithm used to process an order is defined in the base class and
used by the subclasses. But the way individual operations are performed vary
depending on the subclass.
When to use template method

The template method is used in frameworks, where each implements the invariant
parts of a domain's architecture, leaving "placeholders" for customization options.
The template method is used for the following reasons :

Let subclasses implement varying behavior (through method overriding)

Avoid duplication in the code , the general workflow structure is implemented once
in the abstract class's algorithm, and necessary variations are implemented in the
subclasses.

Control at what points subclassing is allowed. As opposed to a simple polymorphic


override, where the base method would be entirely rewritten allowing radical change
to the workflow, only the specific details of the workflow are allowed to change

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