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Synchronous Machine Pu Model

1. The document presents mathematical models for a synchronous machine and its components in per-unit form, including models for the q-axis and d-axis, zero sequence equations, torque equation, line model, and interconnection model. 2. It also provides models for an infinite bus system and simplifications that can be made if resistances are small or rotor fluxes are assumed constant. 3. The models are expressed as differential equations relating electrical quantities like flux linkages, currents, and voltages. Transformations between reference frames are also described.

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Dinesh Shetty
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45 views13 pages

Synchronous Machine Pu Model

1. The document presents mathematical models for a synchronous machine and its components in per-unit form, including models for the q-axis and d-axis, zero sequence equations, torque equation, line model, and interconnection model. 2. It also provides models for an infinite bus system and simplifications that can be made if resistances are small or rotor fluxes are assumed constant. 3. The models are expressed as differential equations relating electrical quantities like flux linkages, currents, and voltages. Transformations between reference frames are also described.

Uploaded by

Dinesh Shetty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Synchronous Machine pu Model

A q-axis Model - per-unit


dψG 1
= 0 (−ψG + ψq )
dt Tq
dψK 1
= 00 (−ψK + ψq )
dt Tq
(x 0 − x00) (x − x 0 ) x00
q q q q q
ψq = x00
q qi + 0 ψK + 0 ψG
xq xq xq
dψq
= ωψd − ωB Raiq − ωB vq
dt
00 = T 00)
A d-axis Model - in pu (assuming Tdc d
dψH 1
= 00 (−ψH + ψd)
dt T
d
x 0
dψF 1 d
= 0 (−ψF + ψd + 0 Ef d)
dt T (xd − x )
d d
(x 0 − x00) (x − x 0 ) x00
ψd = x00 i + d d ψ + d d dψ
dd x0 H xd x0 F
d d
dψd
= −ωψq − ωB Raid − ωB vd
dt
ωB Mdf vf
Ef d =
Rf VBASE

Zero Sequence Equations in pu


(not required for balanced situations)
dψo
= ωB Raio − ωB vo
dt
Torque Equation in per-unit

Te = −(ψdiq − ψq id)

ω is the electrical angular speed in rad/s.


ωB is the base electrical angular speed in
rad/s.
Model of Line
     
Ls Lm Lm ia ia
d
 Ls Ls Lm   ib  = −R  ib 
dt
Lm Lm Ls ic ic
     
va Ea VCa
 vb  −  Eb  −  VCb 
vc Ec VCc
Model of interconnection (d-q pu form)
    
RωB
i
d  d  − x −ω   id 
 = RωB   
dt i ω − x iq
q
     
ωB  vd   Ed   VCd 
+   −  −
x

vq Eq VCq

ωB (Ls − Lm)
x=
Zbase
Infinite Bus

Ed = −E sin δ Eq = E cos δ
dδ
= ω − ωo
dt
E = 1, ωo = ωB
If resistances are small ....
d
(ψd +xid) = −ω(ψq +xiq )−ωB Ed −ωB VCq
dt
d
(ψq + xiq ) = ω(ψd + xid) − ωB Eq − ωB VCq
dt
If rotor fluxes are assumed to be constant
and x00d = x00q = x00
d
(x+x00)id = −ω(x+x00)iq +ωE1−ωB Ed−ωB VCd
dt
d
(x+x00)iq = ω(x+x00)id+ωE2−ωB Eq −ωB VCq
dt
E1 and E2 are dependent on rotor fluxes.
Using the Transformation
(fQ + jfD ) = (fq + jfd)ejδ

d
(x + x00)iD = −ωB (x + x00)iD + ωE10
dt
−ωB ED − ωB VCD

d
(x + x00)iQ = ωB (x + x00)iQ + ωE20
dt
−ωB EQ − ωB VCQ
Capacitor Equations
     
C 0 0 VCa ia
d
 0 C 0   VCb  =  ib 
dt
0 0 C VCc ic
Capacitor Equations
      
d VCD 0 −ωB VCD ωB iD
= +
dt VCQ ωB 0 VCQ b c iQ

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