Tunneling Short Course in

Session 1:
Getting Started With GTS NX

Tadavarthi Sree Harsha

Geotechnical Engineer
 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Tunneling Short Course in GTS NX Getting Started Course

This online training will be focusing on Numerical Modeling & Analysis of Tunnel.
You will get an introduction to various modeling techniques of tunneling, taking into account
various physical constraints. Mitigation of the inevitable risks involved in tunneling will also
form an important part of the course.

Session 1: Getting Started with GTS NX

Session 2: Twin Metro Tunnel in Layered Soil (2D)
Session 3: Construction Stage Analysis of Simple Circular Tunnel with Shotcrete Lining. (3D)
Session 4: Quick Modelling and Analysis of Horse Shoe Tunnel with Lining and Rock-bolts
using Tunnel Wizard (3D)
Session 5: D Shaped Railway/Roadway Tunnel in Hilly Terrain (3D)
Session 6: Double Lined Tunnel Modelling (3D)
Session 7: Construction Stage Analysis of Tunnel with Cross Passage using Stage Wizard (3D)
Session 8: Deep Excavation for Metro Station (3D)
Session 9: Lowering of TBM Shaft into the Tunnel - Modeling and Analysis (3D)

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License Activation
midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

Options are used to configure midas GTS NX for

optimum performance and the way you prefer to
work.

Set the preferences with the following tabs:

- General -> General Settings, Licensing, Graphics

- Geometry/Mesh/Connections

- Load/Boundary Conditions

- Analysis/Results -> Solver Settings, Result display

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 midas GTS NX
WEB Authentication Getting Started Course

Create an account in
en.midasuser.com PID’s
PKID & Solver Key

http://en.midasuser.com/membership/account_create.asp

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

01 Tunnel Construction Method

02 Why 3D?
03 GTS NX Introduction
04 Project Applications

Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform

Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
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 midas GTS NX
Tunnel Construction Method Getting Started Course

1. Investigation – Geotechnical, Geological and Hydrogeological

2. Construction Method

3. Preliminary Design/Supports

4. Numerical Analysis and Design

5. Capacity Curves - ‘Q’ system for rocks

- Common design guidelines by WSSC,
6. Construction - Execution ITA etc., for soft ground.

- Cut and Cover Method

- Bored or Mined Tunnels
- Sequential Excavation Method
- Tunnel Boring Machine
- NATM

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 midas GTS NX
Construction Method Getting Started Course

Cut and Cover

NATM

TBM

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Empirical Calculation of Preliminary Design – Q System Getting Started Course

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Capacity Curves Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

01 Tunnel Construction Method

02 Why 3D?
03 GTS NX Introduction
04 Project Applications

Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform

Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
11
Why 3D? midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

• Although there are many geotechnical problems that can be

approximated to either plane strain or axis-symmetric
conditions, some remain very three dimensional. Such
problems will therefore require full three dimensional
numerical analysis.
• In reality, most geotechnical problems are three dimensional,
and, although in many, plane strain or axis-symmetric
approximations are not unreasonable, there are some which
must be treated as three dimensional.

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Arching Effect midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

The stress state induced by construction of a shallow tunnel (secondary stress state) is
three-dimensional (3D) in general. The correct simulation of the 3D load transfer,
occurring ahead of and behind the tunnel face and resulting in transverse and
longitudinal arching around the unsupported section at the tunnel face, is of particular
importance.

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Tunnel Intersection midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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Tunnel – Shaft Intersection midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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Tunnel Openings in Hilly Terrains midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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Geology midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

01 Tunnel Construction Method

02 Why 3D?
03 GTS NX Introduction
04 Project Applications

Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform

Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
18
 midas GTS NX
GTS NX INTRODUCTION Getting Started Course

Introduction: GTS NX
About midas GTS NX package

GTS NX is a Finite Element Analysis platform which can be used to deal with all types of Geotechnical
Applications

Axisymmetric 2D Modeling 3D Modeling

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 midas GTS NX
GTS NX User Interface Getting Started Course

GUI – Graphical User Interface

Ribbon Multi-model
Menu Window

Toolbar

Works
Tree

Properties Unit
Output Converter
Window Window

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Work Flow midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

Work process of midas GTS NX

First, we will begin with brief explanation of each step in the work process.
Then, using simple tutorial examples, we can learn more about the work process in
midas GTS NX.

1. Geometry 2. Material 3. Property

Import, Create Element Attribute Element Attribute

4. Mesh 5. Loads and Boundary Conditions

Mesh Control, Geometry Auto Mesh Static Loads, Dynamic Loads, Constraints

6. Analysis 7. Result displaying

Problem solving Contour Map, Probe, Report

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1. Geometry Modelling
midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

Geometry modeling - Manual technique

Examples

Extrude Operation Trim/Divide Operations

Boolean Operations Prepared Geometry for Excavation Problem

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 midas GTS NX
1. Geometry Modelling Getting Started Course

Import formats:

Generating a geometrical model is the foundation for completing a finite element analysis
model in midas GTS NX. Geometry can be:

-> Imported by native format interfaces:

-> CATIA V4 (4.1x, 4.2.4), CATIA V5 (R6~R24), SolidWorks (98~2015), UG/NX (11~18, NX1~NX10),
Pro/E (~WildFire5/Creo 3.0), Inventor (6~2015), Solid Edge (V18-ST7), AutoCAD DXF (2D, 3D)

-> Imported by industry standard interfaces:

-> STEP, IGES, Parasolid (up to v26), ACIS (up toR25)

-> Created and modified:

-> Points, 2D and 3D curves
-> Faces, Shells
-> Solids creation and editing tools
-> Geometry transform tools
-> Sub-shape creation

Solid Geometry Model Imported from CAD Data File

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 midas GTS NX
Advanced Geometry Example Getting Started Course

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1. Geometry Modelling
midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

Examples

Extruding/Sweeping the surface along the

guide curve to form a 3D solid

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 midas GTS NX
1. Generation of 3D topography/layers Getting Started Course

Terrain Geometry Maker

[Automatically generate
3D geological stratum
[Create ground surface using topographic map]
through actual field data]

Create 3D ground surface using topographic map and wizard

for generating geological stratum through actual field data

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2. Material Models & Functions Getting Started Course

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3. Optimized mesh generation of various element types Getting Started Course

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3. Hybrid-mesh with hexahedral elements Getting Started Course

Hexa elem. Tetra elem.

Pyramid elem.
Tetra elem.
Prism elem.

Element configuration
of hybrid mesh

Pyramid elem.
(connect hexa and tetra)

Hexa elem.

[Tetrahedral elements] [Hybrid elements]

[can be checked through consistent structure results

without any changes in element coordinate system]

Addition of high quality hybrid mesh capability (applicable to all analysis types)
in order to extract highly accurate results

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 midas GTS NX
4. Load assignment reflecting field conditions Getting Started Course

Static Loads
Self weight
Force
Moment
Displacement
Pressure
Water pressure
Line beam load Automatic transfer to FE

Element beam load

Temperature
Prestress
Initial equilibrium force
Combined load

Dynamic Loads
Response spectrum
Ground acceleration
Time varying static
Dynamic nodal
Dynamic surface
Load to Mass
Train Dynamic Load Table

All load conditions can be applied both to geometry and element

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 midas GTS NX
Tunneling and Anchoring Wizard Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
4. Blasting Dynamic Load Generation Getting Started Course

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5. Geotechnical analysis Getting Started Course

• Linear static analysis

• Nonlinear static analysis

• Strength Reduction Method (SRM) Static • Stress (drained/undrained) analysis

• Strength Analysis Method (SAM) Analysis • Seepage analysis for each stage
• Construction stages Slope stability • Stress-seepage- slope coupled
(SRM/SAM) Slope Construction • Consolidation analysis for each stage
Stability Stage • Fully coupled stress & seepage
Analysis Analysis

Consoli-
Dynamic
dation
Analysis
Analysis
• Eigenvalue/Reaction Spectrum analysis
• Linear Time History (mode/direct methods)
• Nonlinear Time History analysis Stress–
• Consolidation Analysis
• 1D/2D Equivalency Linear analysis Seepage seepage
fully • Stress–seepage fully coupled analysis
• Nonlinear time history + SRM Coupled Analysis
coupled

• Steady state
seepage analysis
• Transient
seepage analysis

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 midas GTS NX
6. Graphic based output Getting Started Course

[Printing result images/graphs] [3D flow path result animation]

[3D→2D results wizard] [Section diaphragm (line/surface)]

Improve post processing speed and printing 2D section results from 3D analysis results

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

01 Tunnel Construction Method

02 Why 3D?
03 GTS NX Introduction
04 Project Applications

Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform

Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
35
 midas GTS NX
1. Tunnel Getting Started Course

Typical Section

Total analysis model Model for tunnels, shotcrete & rock bolts

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

MIDAS/GTS Modeling
Displacements (x)

Shotcrete stresses Rock bolt axial forces

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

Engineer Orum Engineering

#7 Project Overview Project Image

Title Busan subway line 3 tunnel – zone 321

Project Design for construction

This new tunnel construction takes place

Scope beneath major existing structures for which
their stability must be ensured.

The zone 321 (STA.1+440~+580) intersects with an underground path, a waterway and another
Overview
subway line. An existing bridge also exists in the longitudinal direction.

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
midas GTS Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

Typical Section

Underground structure model Micro-pile foundation reinforcement

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
midas GTS Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

MIDAS/GTS Modeling
Settlement analysis results for Subway Line Settlement analysis results for bridge piers

Shotcrete flexural axial stresses Rockbolt axial forces

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 midas GTS NX
Soft soil / Embankment Getting Started Course

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2. Slope Stability Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
3. Foundation Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Pile – Raft Foundation Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

Engineer Hyder Consulting Ltd, UK

#36 Project Overview Project Image

Pentominium Residential
Title
Development, Dubai, UAE

Project Piled-raft foundation design

FE Analysis results for design:

Scope - Settlements
- Raft forces and bending moments
- Pile forces and bending moments

The Pentominium Residential Development is located on the west side of the creek in Dubai. The
development comprises the construction of an approximately 120 storey high rise tower
Overview interlinked by low level podium structure housing up to 7 basement levels. The Pentominium
Tower will be founded on a piled raft and to fully understand the behaviour of the foundation, a
3D finite element model is required.
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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

Pile scheme

Side view - North Top view Side view - East

Podium and basement levels Superstructure, Piles, and Raft

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
midas GTS Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

MIDAS/GTS Modeling
Quarter cut on settlement results Bending moments in the raft

Vertical strain in the rock layers Pile axial forces

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4. Shoring - Excavation / Temporary Structures Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

Engineer Coyne & Bellier Consulting Engineers

#42 Project Overview Project Image

Odeon Tower
Title
High-rise 49 floors tower in Monaco

Project Design for construction

Assessment of ground surface movements

especially at adjacent building foundations.
Check of global stability (site stability).
Scope Consideration of beneficial 3D effects in the
static equilibrium of the excavation and of the
retaining system
(especially arching effects on the uphill side)

3D modeling of a deep excavation in a sloping site for the assessment of

Overview
induced ground movements

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
midas GTS Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

Project site and excavation dimensions

150 FRANC
m E
MONAC
O

70
m

70
m 33
m
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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
midas GTS Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

Excavation stages Completed work

General model

villas ODEON
excavatio
n
high school
Point du jour Ténao
street
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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
midas GTS Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

MIDAS/GTS Modeling
Modelling anchors, barrettes and slabs

Anchors Diaphragm wall

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course
MIDAS Provides the best solutions in
midas GTS Structural, Geotechnical, and Mechanical Engineering

MIDAS/GTS Modeling
Horizontal displacement Vertical displacement

Vertical wall displacement Plastic zones

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5. Hydraulic & Underground Structures Getting Started Course

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Dams - Buhang dam S.Korea Getting Started Course

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Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Getting Started Course

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 midas GTS NX
Dynamic Analysis Getting Started Course

[Automatic generation of rail live loads]

[Vehicular live load results]

Automatic calculation of rail live loads and arrival time for non-uniform interval nodes

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 midas GTS NX
System Requirements Getting Started Course

midas GTS NX is developed to operate on Personal Computer (PC) with Windows environment
Installation should be done on Administrator account.

Minimum Recommended
Operating Systems Windows 7, 8, 10 64 bit Windows 7, 8, 10… 64 bit
CPU 64-bit (x64) processor 64-bit (x64) processor
RAM 4 GB 16 GB or more
HDD Space 1TB or more
3.4 GB for GTS NX installation free continuous space
for model files
Video Memory 1 GB of dedicated VRAM,
2GB or more, GPU technology
Open GL1.1
Screen Resolution 1280 x 1024 or higher Full HD

GPU Card examples: NVIDIA TESLA K20, K40, K80, P100

Example Desktop Configuration:

Intel Xeon E5, 64 GB RAM, 256 SSD+2TB HDD, Win7 Pro 64 bit, *NVidia

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 midas GTS NX
Analysis Control Getting Started Course

Go to Options -> Analysis/Results tab

- Analysis Control (Structural)

-> Number of Processors – sets the number of

CPU to work in parallel (SMP)

Good routine is to make one core of your

processor free for OS operations.

-> GPU Acceleration – engages GPU memory for

computing (NVidia Tesla - K20, K40 etc.)

-> Element formulation – allows to select shear

locking compensation method

-> Equation solver – allows to select solving algorithm for all types of analyses.
-> Direct: Multi-Frontal (supports GPU, greater reduction of memory and
computation amount), Dense (direct solver for dense matrices)
-> Iterative: Algebraic Multi Grid (AMG)
-> Auto (automatic selection depending on the size of the problem)

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 Thank You for attendance!
Until Next Time (22nd April 2020)

Session 2: Twin Metro Tunnel in Layered Soil (2D)

[email protected]