Renewable Energy in India

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

Government of India

Dr.P.Saxena
Director General, NISE
 Energy in India
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Ever Increasing Demand
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Power Scenario in India
Electricity in the country

TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY 2,50,397 MW

(July, 2014)

GROSS GENERATION 931 BUs ( 2013-14)

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION 917 kWh / Annum

(2012-13)

ENERGY SHORTAGE about 3.9 %

(June 2014)

PEAKING SHORTAGE about 4.5 %

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PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRICITY

Country GDP per Electricity consumption

capita (US$) per capita (kWh)

India 840 917

China 1073 1208
Sweden 33540 15656
UK 23238 6158
USA 31992 13228
World Average 5700 2373

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 Indian Power Sector at a Glance
Total installed capacity : 2,50,397 MW

Renewable, Gas,8.59%
12.93%

Nuclear , 1.95 Thermal ,

60.00%

Hydro , 16.53%

Thermal Hydro Gas Renewable Nuclear

1,50,379 40,798 22,607 31,833 4780

• Renewable contributes 31,833 MW – 12.93%

• If we take large hydro under RE – 30%
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Renewable Energy in India
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 Renewable Power Potential
S. Resource Estimated Potential
No. (In MW.)
1. Wind Power ~ 100,000
(as per C-WET estimates at 80 m hub height)
> 100,000
2. Solar Energy
30-50 MW/ sq. km.
3. Small Hydro Power (up to 25 MW) 20,000
4. Bio-Power:
Agro-Residues 17,000
Cogeneration - Bagasse 5,000
Waste to Energy:
- Municipal Solid Waste to Energy 2,600
- Industrial Waste to Energy 1,280
Total >2,45,880

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 Present Status-Renewable Energy
Total Installed capacity 31,833 MW

Solar Power,
Biomass / 2647, 8.3%
Cogeneration
4,120 13%

Small Hydro
(Up to 25 MW)
3,804 12% Wind Power,
21,262, 67%

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 Plan wise Renewable Power Growth
Beginning of Beginning Achievements Cumulative
10th Plan of during 11th Plan Achievements
th
11 Plan up to 31.3.2012
1.4.2002 2007-2012
(MW) 1.4.2007 (MW) (MW)
(MW
Wind 1,628 7,092 10,260 17,352

Small 1,434 1,976 1,419 3,395

Hydro
Bio power 389 1,184 2041 3,225

Solar 2 3 939 941

Total 3,453 10,255 14,660 24,914

Renewable Energy: Credentials

 Harnessed 12.27% of the estimated potential

 5th Position in overall RE Capacity Installations world-wide

 5th largest Wind installed capacity world-wide

 2nd largest number of installed Biogas plants

 6 million decentralized systems in use

 Renewable is the second largest source of power generation after
thermal.
newable Energy Programmes
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Exciting Opportunities

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 Renewable Energy Programmes

The Programmes of the Ministry are classified as:

Grid Interactive and Distributed Renewable Power

 Grid - Interactive
 Off-grid power systems

Renewable Energy for Rural applications

Renewable Energy for Urban, Industrial & commercial
applications

Research , Design, & Development in RE

 Wind Power
Potential : 100,000 MW
(as per C-WET estimates at 80 m hub height)

Achievement : 21,136 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 9,000 MW / 10,260 MW

(2007-12)
Deployment target 12th Plan : 15,000 MW.
(2012-17)
Strategy:

 GBI scheme reviewed and continued during 12th Plan

 Wind Resource activities to be substantially increased.
 Evacuation infrastructure to be developed.
 Separate RPO for wind. Enforce RPO. Make REC work.
Small Hydro Power

Potential : 20,000 MW

Achievement : 3,804 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 1400 MW / 1419 MW

(2007-12)
Deployment target 12th Plan : 2100 MW.
(2012-17)
Strategy:

 Private sector participation

 Performance based incentivisation for State sector / NE

 Small plants to get higher support.

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 Bio-Energy Technologies

 Biomass Combustion
 Biomass used in boilers to generate heat/ steam to drive turbine
for generating electricity.

 Biomass Cogeneration
 Simultaneous production of heat / steam and electricity

These technologies are fairly well established in the country.

Efficiencies of boilers / turbines comparable to best in the world.

 Biomass Gasification
 Conversion of woody and non-woody biomass such as Rice
husk, cotton stalks, wood chips etc. to producer gas
Technology successfully developed indigenously.
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 Biomass Power

Potential : 17000 MW

Achievement : 1485 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 500 MW/ 626 MW

(2007-12)
Deployment target 12th Plan : 500 MW.
(2012-17)

Strategy:

 Promotion of small capacity biomass projects with

biomass linkage and captive plantations.

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Bagasse Cogeneration

Potential : 5000 MW

Achievement : 2712 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 1200 MW/ 1369 MW

(2007-12)
Deployment target 12th Plan : 1400 MW.
(2012-17)
Strategy:

 Promotion of BOOT/BOLT model in cooperative sector

sugar mills.

 Promotion of optimum cogeneration potential in small size

sugar mills (<2500 TCD).

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Solar Energy and Solar Mission

Potential : 30-50 MW/ sq. km

Achievement : 2,647 MW

Over 1.9 million SPV Systems installed / distributed

2010-13 Target : 1100 MW Achievement 1684 MW

Target for 12th Plan : 4000 MW.

(2013-17)
Target for 13th Plan : 15000 MW.
(2017-22)

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Solar Mission

Targets
 20,000 MW grid by 2022
 2.000 MW off-grid by 2022
 20 million households covered by solar lighting
 20 m sq meter of solar thermal

Objectives
 Achieve grid parity by 2022
 Increase domestic manufacturing capacity
 Develop eco system for solar industry
 Develop manpower
 Support R & D

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 Solar Photovoltaic
International and National Status in Solar Cell
Japan, Germany, Australia and USA are the leading countries in research in SPV

Type of Solar cell International Status Indian Status

Production (R&D)

Crystalline silicon Production : 17-19% Production : 14.5 -

solar cell 17%
(mono/multi) R&D Lab: 24-25%
R&D Lab: 19.7%
Thin-film solar cell
a-Silicon 6-9% (13%) 5 – 8% (9 – 12%)
Cd Te 16.7% (12%)
CIGS 19.4% (13%)

Dye/ organic solar 10.4% / 5,15% 9.5% / 3%

cells
R&D Strategy for Solar research in India

 R&D in SPV and Solar thermal has been undertaken since late
seventies

 Renewed Thrust on R&D in JNN Solar Mission

 R&D thrust areas are identified to achieve technical and cost goals

 Centers of Excellence created in research, education, Testing and

Characterization

 Industry involvement and Consortia approach promoted including partners from

both India & abroad

 Technology incubation and Validation

 International collaborations
Recent Initiatives in SPV R&D
• Development of poly silicon material (Maharishi Solar)

• 20 -22% efficiency single crystal silicon cells (IIT-Mumbai)

• 10 – 12% efficiency nano cystalline thin film modules

(IACS-Kolkata, HHV-Bangalore, NPL-Delhi, BES University,-Howrah)

• 12- 15% efficiency CIGS cells (Moser Baer. NPL, IIT Kanpur)

• 10- 12 % efficiency Dye sensitized cells (Amrita Nano Centre, IIT-Kanpur)

• 5% efficiency organic-inorganic hetero junction cells

(IIT-Delhi, Delhi University)
50 MW solar energy project Phalodi, Jodhpur, Rajasthan under JNNSM

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R&D in Solar Thermal Systems

 Indigenous development of Solar Water Heating systems and Solar Cookers

and full commercialization. Well established manufacturing base.

 Second generation technology developed using Selective coating absorbers

 Number of modes developed for Solar Box type and concentrating dish
cookers.

 Scheffler cookers for indoor cooking for large kitchens.

 Concentrator technologies for steam generation and industrial process heat

applications
1 MW Solar Thermal Power
testing, research & simulation facility being set up at SEC
through IIT Bombay & Industry consortium

• Combination of different collector technologies

• Direct and indirect steam generation to be demonstrated
Solar Dish Concentrator

-an indigenous development project- MWS and SEC

Solar thermal Stirling engines (3 units of 3 kW each) performance evaluation

at SEC jointly with ONGC Energy Research Centre)
CRISP Tower
(Collaborative Research Initiative in Solar Power Tower)
with Sun Borne Energy
Electricity & Cold Storage for Remote Rural Applications
(SEC, Thermax, TERI)

•Electricity from biomass gasifier

•Cooling from engine exhaust
•Solar concentrators during solar hours
IMD and MNRE Network of Ground Measurements
of Solar Radiation Facilities
 Solar Manufacturing

• World-class manufacturing companies

• Major global companies setting up base due to National Solar

Mission

• Annual production capacity

- 750 MW of PV Cells
- 1250 MW of PV Modules

• Mega Capacity Solar Parks under progress

 Decentralized RE Systems

 Family Type Biogas systems 4.7 million

 Solar Water Heating Systems 7.51 million sq. m

 Solar Cookers 698,000

 Villages Electrification 9553

 Technical Institutions
 National Institute of Solar Energy

 Centre for Wind Energy Technology

 National Institute of Renewable Energy

 Alternate Hydro Energy Centre

 Solar Energy Corporation of India
 Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency
 Renewable Energy ahead
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Exciting Opportunities

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 Next Five Year Projections
(Installed Capacities in MW )

Source Installed Capacity Target installed

capacity addition Target capacity in
In for 2017
March, 2012 2012-17

Wind power 17,352 15,000 32,500

Small Hydro 3,395 2,100 5,500

Biomass Power 1,150 500 1,700

Bagasse
1,985 1,500 3,500
Cogeneration

Waste to Power 90 700 800

Solar Power 941 10,000 10,900

TOTAL 24,914 29,800 54,900

Contribution of Renewables after 12th Plan ( 2017)

At the end of 12th Plan,

• the total power generation capacity of the country is

expected to be 318,800 MW

Renewables are expected to contribute about 17%

in this capacity (55,000 MW)

and

Over 9% in the electricity mix

 Renewable Energy in 2017

 RE capacity is likely to cross 33,000 MW by the end of

2014 and 55,000 MW by 2017 (17% of total Capacity)

 The current contribution of 6% in electricity mix is likely

to go up to 9% in 2017.

 Wind power capacity is likely to cross 33,000 MW

 Solar power capacity likely to cross 10,000 MW if targets

under JNNSM are to be achieved
 Renewable Energy in 2017

 De-centralised applications of solar, biogas, cook stove would be

wide spread.

 Energy Access in rural areas is a priority – target 5000 villages

 New avenues of setting up micro hydel projects based on velocity of

water on rivers / canals are emerging

 Waste to energy would be a viable option

 Bio energy based power generation would be an attractive option for

village electrification and economic activities

 More application of hydrogen / fuel cells would be developed

 “Every Form of Energy is coming from Sun”

THANK YOU

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