Unit IV Diesel & Gas Turbine Power Plant

1 The thermal efficiency of diesel engines is about

a) 30%

b) 15%

c) 50%

d) 70%

Answer: d

Explanation: The thermal efficiency of diesel engines is about 70%.

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2 The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

a) starts at 15° after top dead centre and ends at 30° before bottom dead centre

b) starts at top dead centre and ends at 30° after top dead centre

c) may start and end anywhere

d) starts at 15° before top dead centre and ends at 30° after top dead centre

Answer: a

Explanation: The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine starts at 15° after top

dead centre and ends at 30° before bottom dead centre.

3 The brake power of a diesel engine, keeping other parameters constant, can be increased

by

a) increasing the pressure of intake air

b) decreasing the density of intake air

c) decreasing the pressure of intake air

d) increasing the temperature of intake air

Answer: a

Explanation: The brake power of a diesel engine, keeping other parameters constant, can

be increased by increasing the pressure of intake air.

4 In a four stroke cycle, the minimum temperature inside the engine cylinder occurs at the

a) end of suction stroke

b) beginning of exhaust stroke

d) end of exhaust stroke

Answer: c

Explanation: In a four stroke cycle, the minimum temperature inside the engine cylinder

occurs at the beginning of exhaust stroke.

5 The effective inhibitor of pre-ignition is

a) alcohol

b) lead

c) water

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: Water is the most effective inhibitor of pre-ignition.

6 If the temperature of intake air in internal combustion engine increases, then its efficiency

will

a) remain same

b) increase

c) decrease

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: The efficiency of an IC Engine is inversely proportional to the temperature of

intake air.

7 The operation of forcing additional air under pressure in the engine cylinder is known as

a) Supercharging

b) Scavenging

c) Turbulence

d) Pre-ignition

Answer: a

Explanation: Supercharging is the operation of forcing additional air under pressure in the

engine cylinder.

8 The mean effective pressure obtained from engine indicator indicates the
 a) maximum pressure developed

b) minimum pressure developed

c) Instantaneous pressure at any point

d) Average pressure

Answer: d

Explanation: The mean effective pressure indicates the average pressure on the engine

9 The probability of knocking in diesel engines is increased by

a) high self-ignition temperature

b) low volatility

c) high viscosity

d) all the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: The probability of knocking in diesel engines is increased by keeping high self-

ignition temperature, low volatility, high viscosity, etc

10 The maximum temperature in the I.C. engine cylinder is of the order of(in degree Celsius)

a) 500-1000

b) 1000-1500

c) 1500-2000

d) 2000-2500

Answer: d

Explanation: The maximum temperature in the I.C. engine cylinder is of the order of(in

degree Celsius) is 2000-25000 degree Celsius

11 In compression ignition engines, swirl denotes a

a) Haphazard motion of the gases in the chamber

b) Rotary motion of the gases in the chamber

c) Radial motion of the gases in the chamber

d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b

Explanation: Swirl in a compression ignition engine denotes rotary motion of the gases in

the chamber.
12 Supercharging is the process of

a) Supplying the intake of an engine with air at a density greater than the density of the

surrounding atmosphere

b) Supplying compressed air to remove combustion products fully

c) Providing excess temperature to the sucked in gases

d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a

Explanation: Supercharging is the process of supplying the intake of an engine with air at a

density greater than the density of the surrounding atmosphere.

13 The object of supercharging the engine is

a) to increase the power output of an engine when greater power is required

b) to reduce mass of the engine per brake power

c) to reduce space occupied by the engine

d) all of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: Supercharging is done to increase the power output of an engine, to reduce

mass of the engine per brake power & to reduce space occupied by the engine.

14 The ratio of the volume of charge admitted at N.T.P. to the swept volume of the piston is

called

a) overall efficiency

b) mechanical efficiency

c) relative efficiency

d) volumetric efficiency

Answer: d

Explanation: Volumetric Efficiency is the ratio of the volume of charge admitted at N.T.P. to

the swept volume of the piston.

15 In a diesel engine, the duration between the time of injection and ignition, is known as

a) delay period

b) period of ignition

c) burning period
 d) pre-ignition period

Answer: a

Explanation: In a diesel engine, the duration between the time of injection and ignition, is

known as delay period.

16 The reference fuels for knock rating of spark ignition engines would include

a) normal octane and aniline

b) iso-octane and normal hexane

c) iso-octane and alpha-methyl naphthalene

d) normal heptane and iso-octane

Answer: d

Explanation: The reference fuels for knock rating of spark ignition engines would include

normal heptane and iso-octane.

17 A diesel engine is __________ as compared to petrol engine, both running at rated load.

a) equally efficient

b) more efficient

c) less efficient

d) all of the mentioned

Answer: b

Explanation: A diesel engine is more efficient as compared to petrol engine, both running at

rated load.

18 A higher compression ratio causes

a) increase in detonation

b) pre-ignition

c) an acceleration in the rate of combustion

d) any one of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: A higher compression ratio causes increased detonation, increased rate of

combustion & pre-ignition.

19 The injector nozzle of a compression ignition engine is required to inject fuel at a

sufficiently high pressure in order to

b) inject fuel in a chamber of high pressure at the end of compression stroke

c) ensure that penetration is not high

d) all of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: The fuel injection is at a sufficiently higher pressure in order to inject fuel at a

high velocity to facilitate atomisation, to inject fuel in a chamber of high pressure at the end

of compression stroke & to ensure that penetration is not high.

20 The scavenging efficiency of a tour stroke cycle diesel engine is

a) between 50-85%

b) between 95-100%

c) below 50%

d) between 85-95%

Answer: b

Explanation: The scavenging efficiency of a tour stroke cycle diesel engine is between 95-

100%.

21 If the speed of the engine is increased, the indicated power will

a) increase

b) decrease

c) remain same

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: a

Explanation: The speed of the engine & indicated power are inter related as they are

directly proportional to each other, so if one increases, the other also increases & vice-versa

22 If the speed of the engine is increased, the indicated power will

a) increase

b) decrease

c) remain same

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: a
 Explanation: The speed of the engine & indicated power are inter related as they are

directly proportional to each other, so if one increases, the other also increases & vice-versa

23 Which of the following statement is correct?

a) Compression ratio for petrol engines varies from 6 to 10

b) Petrol engines work on Otto cycle

c) Higher compression ratio in diesel engines results in higher pressures

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: All the mentioned statements are correct.

24 Higher fuel combustion efficiency cannot be achieved by

a) preheating of fuel gases & combustion air

b) supplying correct amount of combustion air

c) reducing sulphur content in the fuel

d) adopting proper fuel firing technique & fuel preparation

Answer: c

Explanation: Higher fuel combustion efficiency cannot be achieved by reducing the sulphur

content in the fuel as sulphur content has nothing much to do with the combustion

efficiency.

25 Choice of a gas turbine depends most on which of these factors?

a) Compression ratio

b) Cut-off ratio

c) Pressure ratio

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: The working a Brayton cycle can be estimated most effectively by pressure

ratio, so it becomes the most important factor.

26 Gas turbines with intercooling, regeneration & reheat are more suitable for combined

cycles.

a) True

b) False
 Answer: b

Explanation: Increasing the stages in a gas turbine with combined cycles will decrease its

efficiency.

27 What is the optimum pressure ratio range for a gas turbine to obtain optimum

efficiency?

a) 7-8.5

b) 10.5-12

c) 9.5-10

d) 10-20

Answer: b

Explanation: The optimum pressure ratio range for a gas turbine to obtain optimum

efficiency is 10.5-12.

28 What is that temperature called to which the exhaust gases of a gas turbine are cooled

to?

a) Oxygen Dewpoint

b) Carbon dioxide Dewpoint

c) Nitrogen Dewpoint

d) Sulphuric Acid Dewpoint

Answer: d

Explanation: As the maximum temperature of cooling that can be reached has to be the

dewpoint of one of these gases, so the dewpoint of Sulphuric Acid [Sulphur dioxide

discharge] is chosen.

29 With an increase in the combined cycle pressure ratio, the efficiency of the bottoming

cycle?

a) increases

b) decreases

c) remains same

d) none of the mentioned

Answer: b

Explanation: The efficiency of the bottoming cycle is inversely proportional to combined

30 The installation time for a gas turbine power plant is ______________

a) Comparatively less than thermal power plant

b) Comparatively more than thermal power plant

c) Equal to thermal power plant

d) Very much longer than thermal power plant

Answer: a

Explanation: Gas turbine power plant is comparatively simpler in construction than thermal

power plant. So, its installation time is less than a thermal power plant for same capacity.

31 Which of the following is not used in gas turbine power plant?

a) Compressor

b) Turbine

c) Combustion chamber

d) Condenser

Answer: d

Explanation: Natural gas itself or mixture of natural gas and air is used as working medium

in gas turbine power plant. Condenser is a device or arrangement used to condense low

pressure steam already used by turbine. There is no steam in gas turbine power plant so

no condenser is required

32 Which component of gas turbine power plant is main cause of its low efficiency?

a) Gas turbine

b) Combustion chamber

c) Compressor

d) Starting motor

Answer: c

Explanation: The overall efficiency of gas turbine is low, because a greater part of power

developed by the turbine ( about 65%) is used in driving the compressor.

33 What is intercooling in gas turbine power plant?

a) Removal of heat from combustion gas between stages of turbine

b) Removal of heat from compressor between stages of compressor

d) Removal of heat from exhaust air

View Answer

Answer: b

Explanation: Intercooling means removal of heat from compressed air between low

pressure and high pressure compressor. Cooling the low pressure compressed air reduces

the air volume and improves the thermal efficiency, air rate and work ratio.

34 What is the function of regenerator?

a) Eatery compresses the exhaust gases

b) It heats the compressed air

c) It regenerates the combustible gas from exhaust gas

d) It regenerates the combustible oil from exhaust gas

Answer: b

Explanation: Regenerator is usually of shell and tube construction. Regenerator uses the

heat of exhaust gas to heat compressed air before it is sent to combustion chamber. This

reduces the fuel consumption and improves the cycle thermal efficiency.

35 Fuel other than natural gas i.e. solid and liquid fuels can be used in _______

a) open cycle gas turbine power plant

b) closed cycle gas turbine power plant

c) open and closed cycle gas turbine power plant

d) only natural gas is used in gas turbine power plant

Answer: b

Explanation: In closed cycle gas turbine power plant the working medium is heated

externally and the fuel is not mixed with working fluid. This ensures the use of any fuel

such as inferior type or solid type fuel.

36 Which of the following gas turbine power plant can use working medium of required

property?

a) Closed cycle gas turbine power plant

b) Open cycle gas turbine power plant

c) Open and closed cycle gas turbine power plant

Answer: a

Explanation: A working medium with physical properties superior to those of air such as

helium and hydrogen can be used in closed cycle gas turbine power plant. This is because

of airtight construction of this plant

37 What is the air standard cycle for a Gas-Turbine called?

a) Reheat cycle

b) Rankine cycle

c) Brayton cycle

d) Diesel cycle

View Answer

Answer: c

Explanation: Brayton cycle is an ideal air standard cycle for a Gas turbine, which, like

Rankine cycle, also comprises of two reversible adiabatic & two reversible isobars

38 What is the air standard cycle for a Gas-Turbine called?

a) Reheat cycle

b) Rankine cycle

c) Brayton cycle

d) Diesel cycle

Answer: c

Explanation: Brayton cycle is an ideal air standard cycle for a Gas turbine, which, like

Rankine cycle, also comprises of two reversible adiabatic & two reversible isobars

39 Which of the following is a type of Gas Turbine Plant?

a) Single Acting

b) Double Acting

c) Open

d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c

Explanation: Open & Closed Gas Turbine plants are the two types.

40 A Gas Turbine is which type of combustion plant?

b) open

c) internal

d) cannot say

Answer: c

Explanation: Since for the production of power, the working fluid does some work on the

blades of the turbine, thereby producing Power. Hence, it is called an internal combustion

plant.

41 Which among these is the main component of a gas turbine plant?

a) Condenser

b) Compressor

c) Boiler

d) Both (b) & (c)

Answer: b

Explanation: The main component of a Gas turbine plant is Compressor.

42 Which type of compressor is used in a gas turbine plant?

a) Reciprocating compressor

b) Screw compressor

c) Multistage axial flow compressor

d) Either (a) & (b)

Answer: c

Explanation: Multistage axial flow compressor is the compressor in practical usage in a gas

turbine plant.

43 What part or % of power developed is utilised for driving the compressor?

a) 65 %

b) 70 %

c) 55 %

d) 80 %

Answer: a

Explanation: A total of 65 % of power developed in the gas turbine is used for driving the
 compressor.

44 The gas turbine power plant mainly uses which among the following fuels?

a) Coal and Peat

b) Kerosene oil and diesel oil and residual oil

c) Gas oil

d) Natural gas and liquid petroleum fuel

Answer: d

Explanation: Natural gas and liquid petroleum fuel are among the two fuels used in a gas

turbine.

45 The heating value of gaseous fuels is about

a) 500 kJ/litre

b) 30 kJ/litre

c) 100 kJ/litre

d) 10 kJ/litre

Answer: b

Explanation: 30 kJ/litre is the heating value of gaseous fuels.

46 The compressor has to be started

a) Before starting the gas turbine

b) After starting the gas turbine

c) Simultaneously with starting of gas turbine

d) At any time during the operation

Answer: a

Explanation: Compressor has to be started before starting the gas turbine as the turbine

work is used by compressor.

47 Which of these is not a part of a Gas Turbine Plant?

a) Compressor

b) Gas Turbine

c) Combustion chamber

d) Boiler

Answer: d
 Explanation: A Gas Turbine Plant has the following parts:

Compressor, Gas Turbine, Combustion chambe

48 The major field(s) of application of gas turbine is (are)

a) Aviation

b) Oil and gas industry

c) Marine propulsion

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: A Gas Turbine has applications in nearly all fields, the major ones being in the

fields of Aviation, Oil & Gas industry, Marine propulsion.

49 The following is (are) the limitation(s) of gas turbines.

a) They are not self-starting

b) Higher rotor speeds

c) Low efficiencies at part loads

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: The limitations in the functioning of a Gas Turbines are inability of self-

starting, excess rotor speeds and inability to adjust to varying loads.

50 The following method(s) can be used to improve the thermal efficiency of open cycle gas

turbine plant

a) inter-cooling

b) Reheating

c) Regeneration

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d

Explanation: The various methods to improve the efficiency of open cycles include

intercooling the feed water from the compressor to the turbine and then employing

regeneration & reheat to just use the power of the reheated water in order to maximize the

power output