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Reverse Carnot Cycle

Reverse Carnot Cycle is a reversible cycle, it is used as an example of a refrigeration cycle operating between a constant temperature heat source and sink. On this basis, various refrigeration cycles are being compared.

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siddharth khattar
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383 views3 pages

Reverse Carnot Cycle

Reverse Carnot Cycle is a reversible cycle, it is used as an example of a refrigeration cycle operating between a constant temperature heat source and sink. On this basis, various refrigeration cycles are being compared.

Uploaded by

siddharth khattar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Reverse Carnot Cycle

refrigerationgyaan.com/reverse-carnot-cycle

October 10,
2019

Published by [email protected] on

Reverse Carnot Cycle is a reversible cycle, it is used as an example of a refrigeration cycle


operating between a constant temperature heat source and sink. On this basis, various
refrigeration cycles are being compared.

Similarly, a refrigeration working on reverse Carnot cycle, has a maximum COP. It is not
possible to make the refrigerating machines working on the principle of reversed Carnot
cycle.

Watch Video At: https://youtu.be/PBVK3NZd5bA

A reversed Carnot cycle uses air as a working medium as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig 2 as a
Reverse Carnot Cycle working and T-S diagram.

Fig 1 Reverse Carnot cycle

Process of Reverse Carnot Cycle


Four processes of the cycle are as follows.

Process 1-2: Isentropic Compression.


Process 2-3: Isothermal Compression.
Process 3-4: Isentropic Expansion.
Process 4-1: Isothermal Expansion.
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Fig. 2 T-S diagram of Reverse Carnot Cycle

Let p1, v1, and T1 be the pressure, volume, and temperature of the air.

1. Isentropic Compression: The air is compressed isentropically as shown by the


curve1-2 in the T-S diagram. During this process, the pressure increases from p1 to
p2 and the specific volume decreases from v1 to v2 and the temperature increases
from T1 to T2. During this process Entropy ‘s’ remains constant (s1=s2). No heat is
observed or rejected by the air.

2. Isothermal Compression: Air is compressed isothermally at a constant temp T2=T3


as shown by the curve 2-3 in the T-s diagram. During this process, the pressure of
the air increases from p2 to p3, specific volume decreases from 2 to v3 and the
temperature remains constant T2=T3.

Heat rejected by the air: qr = T3(S2-S3) = T2(S2-S3)

where qr denotes the heat rejection.

3. Isentropic Expansion: Air is expanded isentropically as shown by the curve 3-4 in


the T-s diagram. Pressure of the air decreases from p3 to p4, specific volume
increases from v3 to v4 and the temperature decreases from T3 to T4. No heat is
rejected or absorbed by the air.

4. Isothermal Expansion: Air is compressed isothermally at a constant temp T4=T1 as


shown by the curve 4-1 in the T-s diagram. The pressure of the air decreases from
p4 to p1, specific volume increases from v4 to v1.

Heat absorbed by the air: qa = T4(S1-S4) = T1(S2-S3)

where qa denotes the heat absorption.

Work Done
Work done during the cycle per kg of air

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work done = Heat rejected – Heat absorbed = qr – qa

= T2(s2-s3) – T1(s2-s3)

= (T2 – T1)(s2 – s3)

C.O.P
Coefficient of performance of the system working on the Reverse Carnot cycle.

C.O.P = Heat absorbed/ work done

= qa/qa – qr

= T1( S1 – S3 )/ ( T2 – T1 ) (S1 – S3 )

= T1/ T2 – T1

Reverse Carnot cycle is most efficient between the fixed temperature limits yet no
refrigerator could be made using this cycle. This is due to the fact that the isentropic
process requires high speed and isothermal process requires extremely low speed

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