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Process Flow Sheet Diagram: Nadia Junaid

The document discusses different types of process flow diagrams used in chemical engineering. It describes block diagrams, process flow diagrams (PFDs), and process and instrumentation diagrams (PIDs). Block diagrams show the basic flow of a process using simple shapes. PFDs add more detail like major controls and mass/energy balances. PIDs provide the most detailed engineering information needed for construction, including equipment specifications, piping details, instruments, and valve information. Diagrams are a useful way to visually represent and understand chemical processes.

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Dinesh guhan
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135 views19 pages

Process Flow Sheet Diagram: Nadia Junaid

The document discusses different types of process flow diagrams used in chemical engineering. It describes block diagrams, process flow diagrams (PFDs), and process and instrumentation diagrams (PIDs). Block diagrams show the basic flow of a process using simple shapes. PFDs add more detail like major controls and mass/energy balances. PIDs provide the most detailed engineering information needed for construction, including equipment specifications, piping details, instruments, and valve information. Diagrams are a useful way to visually represent and understand chemical processes.

Uploaded by

Dinesh guhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Process Flow sheet diagram

Nadia Junaid
A picture / figure is
better than 1000
words
Process Description

• Any physical or chemical process can be


explained by the help of description or by use
of blocks, or pictorially.
• Pictorial representation of a process makes it
easier to understand, and presentation of
process by pictures uses lesser sheets and
words.
A student coming to university can be
represented by a diagram

Car/Bike/
GET UP GET Ready Breakfast
transport

Reach
University
• In a Similar way any process can
be represented described by the
help of diagram or picture
Try to describe any process with
help of a picture/diagram
Flow sheet
• The flow sheet is a key document in process
design. it shows the arrangement of the
equipment selected to carry out the process; the
stream connections; stream flow-rate and
compositions; and the operating conditions.
• It is a diagrammatic model of the
process.
• This will include piping, instrumentation, and
equipment design and plant layout
Types of process flow diagrams
•
• There are 3 types of process flow diagram in
chemical industry.
• Block diagram.
• Process flow diagram(PFD)
• Process and instrumentation diagram(PID)
Block diagrams
• It is a process description and flow direction
depicted in the form of blocks. Every unit
operation is represented as a block. In this you
have no need to show any controls.
• Block diagram are use full for representing a
process in a simplified form in reports and
textbooks, but have only a limited use as
engineering documents.
• The block can be of any shape, but it is usually
convenient to use a mixture of squares and circle,
drawn with a template.
Examples:
• Below are two examples of very simple
process block flow diagrams. One is a diagram
of the processes used to produce ammonia
and the other is a diagram of a process for
producing petroleum asphalt:
Process flow diagram (PFD)
• In this u can simply replace the blocks in the Block
Diagram and addition to it you have to show some
major controls which affects the process more or
without which plant can be prone to accidents. You
have to mention Mass and Energy balance on the same
sheet. You can mention stream no. and details of these
streams on PFD.
• The PFD displays the relationship between major
equipment of a plant facility and does not show minor
details such as piping details and designations. Another
commonly-used term for a PFD is a flow sheet
A process flow sheet includes
• Process piping
• Major bypass and recirculation lines
• Major equipment symbols, names and
identification numbers
• Flow directions
• Control loops that affect operation of the
system
• Interconnection with other systems
Process flow diagrams generally do not
include:
•
• Pipe classes or piping line numbers
• Process control instrumentation (sensors and
final elements)
• Minor bypass lines
• Isolation and shutoff valves
• Maintenance vents and drains
• Relief and safety valve
• Flanges
Example of a refinery operation
Process and instrumentations diagrams (PID)

•
• This is the next step to PFD. Where you can show all the controls, details
of equipments like size, design pressure/temp, insulation, nozzle details
etc. You have to mention line sizes. It is the basic document and
considered as basis for the construction of plant. it is often called the
Engineering Flow-sheet or Engineering Line Diagram
•
• The P & I diagram shows the arrangement of the process equipment,
piping, pumps, instruments, valves and other fittings. It should include:
• All process equipment identified by an equipment number. The equipment
should be drawn roughly in proportion, and the location of nozzles shown.
• All pipes, identified by a number. the pipe size and material of
construction should be shown.
• All valves control and block valves, with an identification number the type
and the size should be shown. The type may be shown by the symbol used
for the valve or included in the code used for valve number.
PID of refienry

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