A Project Report on

“DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING

Guide
Prof. G.S.Sawadadkar

Department of Mechanical Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Morajkar Aditya K., Mr. Malvade Siddhant
S.,Deasai Sanket S., Kurade Sanket C. has successfully completed the
Project entitled “Design & Manufacturing Of Automated Guided
Vehicle” under my supervision, in the partial fulfillment of Bachelor of
Engineering - Mechanical Engineering of Savitribai Phule Pune
University, Pune during the session 2019-2020.
Date :
Place :

Prof. G.S. Sawadadkar

External Examiner

Dr. D. V. Bhise
HOD Mech. Engg. Dept. (I stShift) Dr. R. K. Lad
Principal
Seal
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It’s our great pleasure to present Project stag entitled "Design & Manufacturing
Of Automated Guided Vehicle ". This seminar is an outcome of various efforts taken
by our in collating and identifying the sources of information and knowledge.
we use this occasion to thank our guide with whose guidance this effort would not have
becorne fruits. we find no words to express my gratitude to Prof. G.S. Sawdadkar who
not only advised and guided us during the report writing but also answered all our queries
concerning collection of data, proper structuring of the report, and its improvement. we
would also thankful of my friends which gave me a proper guide line about my subject.
I am virtually indebted to the Head of the Department Dr. D. V. Bhise
from JSPM NTC who have bestowed all their blessings in the form of guidance which
was the leading light to complete this seminar report. I would also like to thank our
principal, Dr. R. K. Lad who provided me valuable support in completion of seminar
by providing me different facilities in college and by giving permission for working out
of college.

Mr.MorajkarAdityaKamalakant
Mr. MalvadeSiddhantSantosh
Mr. Desai Sanket Suresh
Mr. KuradeSanketChandrakant
 ABSTRACT

Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are widely used for transporting materials in industry and
commerce. In this research, an intelligent AGV-based material-handling system was developed
using a modelbased systems engineering (MBSE) approach. The core of the AGV, the controller,
was designed in the system modeling language environment using Visual Paradigm software,
and then implemented in the hardware. As the result, the AGV’s complex tasks of material
handling, navigation, and communication were successfully accomplished and tested in the real
industrial environment. The developed AGV is capable of towing trolleys with a weight of up to
200kg at walking speed. The AGV can be incorporated into an intelligent material-handling
system with multiple autonomous vehicles and work stations, thus providing flexibility and
configurability for the whole manufacturing system. Ergonomic and safety aspects were also
considered in the design of the AGV. A comprehensive safety system that is compliant with
industrial standards was implemented.
 INDEX
CHAPTER 1...........................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................1

1.1. Problem Statement....................................................................................................4

1.2. Solution......................................................................................................................5

1.3. Objectives...................................................................................................................6

1.4. Scope Of Current Work..............................................................................................7

1.5 Methodology...............................................................................................................8

CHAPTER 2.............................................................................................................................

LITERATURE SURVEY............................................................................................................9

CHAPTER 3.............................................................................................................................

PROPOSED WORK..............................................................................................................18

3.1. Actuation Or Working..............................................................................................18

3.1.1. Wheels and Movement......................................................................................18

3.1.2. Forklift Mechanism.............................................................................................18

3.2.Components Of The System.....................................................................................23

3.2.1 Lead Screw..........................................................................................................19

3.2.2. DC Motor & Stepper Motor..........................................................................20-21

3.2.3. Lifting forks.........................................................................................................22

3.2.4. Wheels................................................................................................................22

3.2.5. battery................................................................................................................22

3.3. Sensors.....................................................................................................................23

3.3.1. Proximity sensors...............................................................................................23

3.3.3. Collision..............................................................................................................25

3.3.4. RF Link................................................................................................................25

3.4 Prototype..................................................................................................................26

3.5. Work.........................................................................................................................26

3.5.1. Communication..................................................................................................26

3.5.2. Queue.................................................................................................................27

3.5.3. Tracking..............................................................................................................27

3.5.4. Lifting..................................................................................................................28

3.5.5. Obstacle Detection.............................................................................................28

3.5.6. Forklift stability...................................................................................................28

CHAPTER 4.............................................................................................................................

EXPERIMENTAL CALCULATIONS……………………………………………………………………………………….

4.1 Design Of Frame........................................................................................................29

4.2 Design Of Leadscrew.................................................................................................30

4.3 Programs/AlgorIthm.................................................................................................31

4.3.1 Line Follower 32

4.3.2 Lifting Mechanism..............................................................................................39

CHAPTER 5………………………………………………………………………………..

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS (ANALYSIS AND TESTING) ......................................47

5.1 Fork (lifting mechanism)…………………………………………………………47

5.2 Lead screw ………………………………………………………………………..51

5.3 Frame ……………………………………………………………………………..54

COST ESTIMATION…………………………………………………………………. 55

CHAPTER 7……………………………………………………………………………

CONCLUSION ………... ……………………………………………………………..59

CHAPTER 8…………………………………………………………………………….

REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………...61
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 FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE DISCRIPTION
Figure 3.1 Lead Screw
Figure 3.2 DC Motor
Figure 3.3 Stepper Motor
Figure 3.4 Lifting Forks
Figure 3.5 Line Follower Schematic
Figure 3.6 Line Follower Module
Figure 3.7 Prototype Model
Figure 5.1.1 Geometry of fork
Figure 5.1.2 Meshing of Fork
Figure 5.1.3 Nodes & Elements of Fork
Figure 5.1.4 Displacement of Fork
Figure 5.1.5 Directional Deformation of Fork
Figure 5.1.6 Equivalent Stress on Fork
Figure 5.1.7 Maximum Stress On Fork
Figure 5.1.8 Total Deformation of Fork
Figure 5.2.1 Geometry of Lead Screw
Figure 5.2.2 Meshing of Lead Screw
Figure 5.2.3 Nodes & Elements of Lead Screw
Figure 5.2.4 Force on Lead Screw
Figure 5.2.5 Maximum Shear Stress on Lead Screw
Figure 5.2.6 Equivalent Stress on Lead Screw
Figure 5.2.7 Total Deformation on Lead Screw
Figure 5.3.1 Geometry of Frame
Figure 5.3.2 Meshing of Frame
Figure 5.3.3 Nodes & Elements of Frame
Figure 5.3.4 Force on Frame
Figure 5.3.5 Equivalent Stress on Frame
Figure 5.3.6 Maximum Shear Stress on Frame
Figure 5.3.7 Total Deformation of Frame
LIST OF FIGURES