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Explain With The Help of A Diagram, What Happens When CPU Wants To Access Data From The Memory System

The CPU places an address on the address bus to access data from memory. The memory system first checks the cache memory for that address, and if found will return the data to the CPU. If not in cache, the main memory is checked, and if the data is found a copy is sent to both the CPU and cache. If not in main memory either, the auxiliary memory is checked as a last resort. The memory management unit controls this process of accessing data from different memory units.

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Satanu Maity
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28 views1 page

Explain With The Help of A Diagram, What Happens When CPU Wants To Access Data From The Memory System

The CPU places an address on the address bus to access data from memory. The memory system first checks the cache memory for that address, and if found will return the data to the CPU. If not in cache, the main memory is checked, and if the data is found a copy is sent to both the CPU and cache. If not in main memory either, the auxiliary memory is checked as a last resort. The memory management unit controls this process of accessing data from different memory units.

Uploaded by

Satanu Maity
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Explain with the help of a diagram, what happens when CPU wants to

access data from the memory system:


a. CPU-places the address of a particular memory location to be accessed in the address
bus. CPU, however, does not know about any other memory units except the main
memory. So, it generally gives a main memory location address.
b. In the memory system, firstly the cache memory is searched for that particular address
location. If it is found in the cache, then the location contents directly sent to the CPU
via the data bus.
c. If the particular location is not found in the cache, then the main memory is searched
for that address. If found, its contents are sent to the CPU via the data bus. Then a
copy of the contents (and copy of the contents of other related locations i.e. block of
contiguous related address location contents are sent to the cache for further use) is
sent to the cache for future use.
d. If the required address location is not found even in the main memory, then the
auxiliary memory locations are searched for the address. Finding it, the contents are
sent to the main memory (copy is stored in the cache for future use) and then to the
CPU.
e. The memory management unit controls this entire procedure inside the memory
system.

Bootstrap loader

Alternatively referred to as bootstrapping, bootloader, or boot program, a bootstrap loader is a


program that resides in the computer's ROM, or another non-volatile memory. It is
automatically executed by the processor when turning on the computer. The bootstrap loader
reads the hard drives boot sector to continue the process of loading the computer's operating
system. The term bootstrap comes from the old phrase "Pull yourself up by your bootstraps".
When the computer is turned on or restarted, the bootstrap loader first performs the power-on
self-test, also known as POST. If the POST is successful and no issues are found, the
bootstrap loader will load the operating system for the computer into memory. The computer
will then be able to quickly access, load, and run the operating system.

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