Task 2 (Prepared Speech)

Good morning to my respected teacher and my dearest friends. Today, I would like to deliver
my speech about the environment.

The reason I pick this topic today is because environment is the surrounding in which
we live and it is also the source of our life. Environment help us to direct and determine our
proper growth. Besides, environment is also effecting the balanced natural cycle between
human, plants and animal.

However, the environment is getting worsen due to the manmade destruction. These
destruction on environment cause many environmental problems that could affect us. So, we
are playing a vital role in ensuring the environment is preserve well despite all of the
destruction.

The loss of biodiversity is the most concern environment problem in nowadays

society. Biodiversity is a term that refers to the variety life on earth that not only include the
endangered or rare species but every living things even organisms. The loss of biodiversity
can be attributed to the influence of human being on the world’s ecosystem.

The threats to biodiversity started with the pollution that were cause by human’s
activity. Human dispose chemical substance into the ocean or rivers instead of disposing it in
a proper ways. Due to this irresponsible act, the aquatic living are negatively affected and
this eventually cause the negative impact on us too. It is because that such pollution could
lead to the lack of fresh water and shortage of seafood sources.

Moreover, overexploitation of resources also cause the loss of biodiversity.

Overexploitation is when the act of harvesting is too intense. The best example is overfishing
where human had causes the decreasing population of certain type of fishes such as blue fin
tuna and sharks because of the high demand. In the other hand, this may cause the sources
itself become exhausted or even worst extinct.

Besides, climate change due to the combustion of fossil fuels is also the reason for
the environmental problem. As this happen, it eventually cause the threats for the endangers
species in the cold latitude and altitude. This cause the sea levels and temperatures rise and
all the living creatures will have to relocate into new areas.

1
 Certainly, there are plural ways to prevent it from rapidly increase. The importance of
biodiversity can be spread through education because education is the most powerful tool to
affect human. For instant, the teacher may expose the negative effect about loss of
biodiversity through the Biology subject to the children.

Other than that, the government should create a protecting areas to limited the
destruction and exploitation. The government need to consider all the aspects of the
ecosystem that they are trying to protect. Moreover, this may lead to another method where
they should prohibit foreign plants and animals into the country which is much easier.

The sustainable agriculture should be widely promote because it effect the

production of our daily resources. In the other hand, this method is another alternative way
for us to farm without harming the environment. In addition, this method is better than
grazing and cropping the natural sources.

In a nutshell, human being is embedded in the environment for we must not forget
that we as a human being are sharing the same environment with other living creatures as
we are mutually depending on each other. It is our responsibility as a human being to save
and preserve our environment.

Thank you.

2
1.0 Introduction

Biological diversity or well known as biodiversity is a term that refers to the variety life of
earth. The variety life is the interaction between all the species of plants, animals, and micro-
organisms and also the ecosystem.

Biodiversity is most recognize by people as a species. A species is a group of living

organism that interbreed such as blue whales, sunflowers and microscopic bacteria.
Biodiversity is more than just species which it was catalogue properly into two types of
biodiversity which is the genetic biodiversity and the ecological biodiversity.

Genetic biodiversity is the plural types of gene that exists within a species. There are
various genes where we can determine by its colours, sizes and shapes. Ecological
biodiversity is the link of ecosystem, natural communities and habitats of the diversity which
is also meaning the variety ways of interaction between species with each other and their
environment.

Researchers found that estimated there are between 3 to 30 million species on earth
and there might be over 100 million species. There are only 1.7 million species that had
been identified currently. Tropical rainforest is said to have most diversity among the tropical
ecosystem while the most diverse group among animals are invertebrates.

2.0 Loss of biodiversity

Extinction is a part of natural life in earth. Most of the species are gradually extinct nowadays
because of the natural shifts in the environment. Unfortunately, the non-natural
environmental changes made by human’s activities had cause species are going extinct
rapidly. Due to this matter, biodiversity loss causes damages essential services that are
provide by the natures.

3.0 Causes of the loss of biodiversity

These environmental problems are due to the activities that have direct effects on species
and ecosystems. Other than that, the threats on biodiversity is not only caused by human’s
activities but also via the nature. These are well known for habitat destruction that are
caused by pollution, overexploitation and climate change.

3
3.1 Pollution

Trash ,agricultural and lawn chemicals and also the industrial emissions were dispose via
the air and water into the natural environment which lead to the pollution of air and water.
Although there are several progress are taken to reduce these pollution but there are still
pollutants from different sources were regularly released.

The excess nutrients from the fertilizers that were used on farming cause the water
pollution. The chemicals in fertilizers that combine with the excess nutrient runoff into the
streams or rivers. Thus, our water sources were polluted as these substance were highly
dangerous for our health.

Persistent organic pollutants are the synthetic toxic chemicals that could easily
spread through the wind and water. This type of pollutant could persist in the environment for
a long time. Regarding to this fact, it can accumulate the tissues of human, animals and
even plants through the food chain.

3.2 Overexploitation

Overexploitation is the act of overusing or overhunting of the wildlife and natural resources.
The unsustainable levels of hunting, harvesting and fishing of natural resources by human is
because of the high demand in food, clothing and also technology.

Most of the exploitation is on the wildlife. The most common exploitation is

overfishing. This is due to the high demand of human for seafood which cause them to take
plural numbers of fishes from the ocean or rivers. For instant, the highly requested fish are
sharks so this encourage the fishing industry to be very active in hunting down the sharks.

3.3 Climate Change

Climate change happen due to the combustion of fossil fuels, the concentration of carbon
dioxide and also the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that are rapidly increasing. Due ot
the presence of these gases, it enhanced the green effect.

As a result, the world temperature is rising alarmingly. The melting of polar ice caps,
change in rainfall pattern and the frequent hurricanes is the obvious sign of the changing
climate.

4
4.0 Conclusion

As a conclusion, the main reason for the loss of biodiversity is obviously caused by us the
human kind’s selfish act. Due to these irresponsible act, the consequences is not only on us
but also the living creatures around us which is the floras and faunas. So, it is time for us to
take the right method to preserve and safe the environment for a better life in our
surrounding.

5
References

Wilson EO, Peter FM, editors. Biodiversity. Washington (DC): National Academies Press

(US); 1988.

Simon Levin, editors. Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, 2nd Edition. Academic Press; 2 edition

(March 7, 2013)

What is Biodiversity? (2016). Retrieved September 2016, from

http://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Wildlife-Conservation/Biodiversity.aspx

Matt Petronzio (May 23, 2015). 5 major threats to biodiversity, and how we can helps curb

them. Retrieved September 2016, from

http://mashable.com/2015/05/23/biodiversity-threats/#Jq.Q2_YU4Gqu