Supported residential services

design guidelines
Third edition August 2013
Supported residential services
design guidelines

Third edition August 2013

If you would like to receive this publication in an accessible format, please phone
9096 6930 using the National Relay Service 13 36 77 if required, or
email: [email protected]

This document is available as a PDF on the internet at: www.health.vic.gov.au/srs

© Copyright, State of Victoria, Department of Health, 2013
This publication is copyright, no part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the
provisions of the Copyright Act 1968.
Authorised and published by Victorian Government, 50 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne.
August 2013
Disclaimer
This guide, including without limitation any attachments, does not constitute and is not to be construed or
relied upon as the provision of legal advice. Persons using this guide are advised by the Department of
Health to seek appropriate legal and professional advice. This guide is current at 1 August 2013.
Contents

Introduction 4

Part 1: General requirements 5

SRS Act and Regulations 5
Registration process 6
Other legislation and regulation 6
Process checklist for approvals 8

Part 2: Design guidelines 10

Purpose of the guidelines 10
Assessment process 10
Site considerations 11
Essential services maintenance 24
Residents’ areas 24
Administration areas 34
Service and support areas 35
Staff areas 39

Appendix 1: Examples of materials and finishes 41

Appendix 2: Example of a general maintenance checklist 42

Appendix 3: Glossary of terms 44

Supported residential services design guidelines

Introduction

These guidelines have been developed to assist prospective and existing proprietors to comply with the
necessary legislative and regulatory requirements relating to supported residential service (SRS)
facilities.
Read this guide carefully and note that both the Department of Health (the department) and local
government authorities have responsibility for approval processes in relation to SRS.
An overarching principle in considering the design of an SRS is to create both a comfortable and
homelike environment for people who live there, and a safe and efficient working environment for staff.
A good design is one that creates a non-institutional setting for people, with ease of disability access and
adequate levels of privacy and security for residents and staff, in an energy-efficient building.
This guide is prepared in two parts:
• Part 1 – ‘General requirements’
• Part 2 – ‘Design guidelines’.
The first part provides an overview of the legislative requirements for buildings to be used as an SRS
and the second part provides greater detail about these requirements as well as design and layout
consideration for good design and creating a comfortable and safe environment in an SRS.
The guide is for existing and prospective proprietors of SRS, as well as building and design
professionals. All people involved in the design process should be aware of their obligations under the
Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004, including those obligations set out at s. 28.
SRS proprietors are strongly advised to seek appropriate professional assistance in the planning, design
and construction of new facilities or in undertaking major and minor renovations.
It should be noted that the Building Code of Australia 2005 (BCA), the Supported Residential Services
(Private Proprietors) Act 2010 (SRS Act), the Supported Residential Services (Private Proprietors)
Regulations 2012 (SRS Regulations) and other legislative requirements referenced in this document are
current as at 1 August 2013. Assessments by the department and other statutory bodies are undertaken
in relation to the latest regulatory requirements.
The SRS Act and the SRS Regulations are available at: www.vic.health.gov.au/srs.
They can also be obtained from Information Victoria, Level 20, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne (telephone
1300 366 356).
Local government authorities should be contacted in relation to up-to-date planning and building
requirements.

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Supported residential services design guidelines

Part 1: General requirements

SRS Act and Regulations

Supported residential services provide accommodation and support for people of varying ages and
differing needs. The Department of Health has developed this document to provide some guidance for
proprietors of SRS in discharging their obligations under the Supported Residential Services (Private
Proprietors) Act 2010 (SRS Act) and the Supported Residential Services (Private Proprietors) 2012
Regulations (SRS Regulations).
Registration of an SRS is based on an assessment of both the prospective proprietor as well as the
premises from which the SRS will operate. Once registered, proprietors are required by law to comply
with the SRS Act and the SRS Regulations. There are significant sanctions and penalties for non-
compliance.
Proprietors also need to comply with all other relevant legislation.
SRS are defined in the SRS Act as premises where accommodation and personal support are privately
provided or offered to residents for a fee or reward. Personal support means the provision of one or more
of the following:
• assistance with personal hygiene, toileting or dressing
• assistance to achieve and maintain mobility
• support to seek out and maintain contact with health professionals, social networks, family, friends
and the community
• emotional wellbeing support
• assistance with or supervision in administering medication
• assistance with eating and maintaining adequate nutrition.
Section 7 of the SRS Act sets out specific principles applying to the support and accommodation of
residents in SRSs. It states:
(1) Residents of supported residential services have the same rights and responsibilities as
other members of the community and should be empowered to exercise those rights and
responsibilities.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the following principles apply—
(a) the individual rights of residents should be respected by recognising a resident’s
right to—
(i) privacy; and
(ii) freedom of expression; and
(iii) fair and equal treatment; and
(iv) dignity and respect; and
(v) freedom from abuse, neglect or exploitation;
(b) proprietors should support residents to live as independently as possible by—
(i) recognising the resident’s right to make decisions, provided those
decisions do not unreasonably affect the rights of others; and
(ii) supporting them to participate in decisions regarding the services they
receive; and

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(iii) allowing them the right to choose their service providers; and
(iv) recognising their right to participate in activities involving a degree of
risk;
(c) proprietors should support residents as far as possible by—
(i) providing residents with information that will assist in decision making;
and
(ii) facilitating access to activities;
(d) proprietors should provide safe and comfortable surroundings and ensure that
support services take account of the needs of individual residents as far as
possible.

Registration process
Assessment for the initial registration of an SRS includes assessment of both the building and the
proposed proprietor. Where registration is required as a result of a change in ownership of an SRS
already registered, only the proposed proprietor is assessed for suitability.

Registration

SRS Act s. 9: A person must not operate a supported residential service if the supported residential
service is not registered under this Act.

SRS Act s .10: A person must not operate a supported residential service if the person is not the
holder for the time being of a certificate of registration for the supported residential service.

The department will assess if the proposed proprietor has the relevant knowledge and skills, an
adequate business plan, and the financial capacity to conduct the proposed SRS (as required by the
SRS Act).
If the application is approved, the department will register the premises and give the proprietor a
certificate of registration permitting them to run an SRS from those premises.
See the department website at <www.health.vic.gov.au/srs> for the most up-to-date detailed information
about the current registration application forms, application fees, information required and the processes
involved.

Other legislation and regulation

Planning and building legislation

Contact local government authorities to check compliance requirements with relevant planning schemes,
building codes and regulations before proceeding with any design or construction work for an SRS.
All building works must comply with the relevant applicable planning scheme under the:
• Planning and Environment Act 1987
• Building Act 1993 (Building Act)
• Building Interim Regulations 2005 (Building Regulations)
• Building Code of Australia 2005 (BCA).

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Local government authorities are the responsible authorities for planning and either the municipal
building surveyor or a private building surveyor (registered building surveyor) is the responsible authority
for the Building Act and Building Regulations.

Planning permit
A planning permit is generally required for:
• a new development, alterations or upgrade works (particularly those that exceed more than 50 per
cent of existing floor space)
• new registration of an existing building previously used for purposes other than an SRS.
In all instances, the relevant local government planning department should be contacted to check on
planning requirements.

Building legislation and regulations

BCA class of occupancy: A3.2 ‘Classifications’

Under the BCA, an SRS is usually a class 3 building – ‘a residential building which is a common
place of long-term or transient living for a number of unrelated persons, including accommodation for
the aged, children or people with disabilities.’
Class 9C buildings are defined as residential aged care buildings rather than SRS. However, the
department may accept an occupancy permit for a class 9C building issued by the relevant authority
in some circumstances.

BCA Victoria variations: Vic A1.1 ‘Definitions’

In relation to the BCA Victoria variations, SRS are defined as residential care buildings, meaning a
building which is a place of residence for persons who need physical assistance to conduct their
daily activities or with evacuation during an emergency. They include SRS, hostels or nursing
homes, but not:
• hospitals
• dwellings in which related persons and not more than two additional unrelated persons would
ordinarily be resident
• places of residence where less than ten per cent of residents need physical assistance to
conduct their daily activities or to evacuate the building during an emergency.

The BCA categorises all buildings into general classifications and all building works are required to
comply with the BCA. It covers matters such as structural integrity, fire safety, fire resistance and basic
health and amenity.
In all instances a registered building surveyor should be contacted to check on requirements relating to
relevant codes and regulations.

Building permit
A registered building surveyor must issue a building permit prior to any building works commencing.

Occupancy permit or certificate of final inspection

A registered building surveyor must issue an occupancy permit or certificate of final inspection at the
completion of the building works and prior to occupation.

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Change of use
It should be noted that former aged care hostels and other residential buildings may require a new
planning permit detailing a change of use.

Food handling
All SRS premises must comply with the Food Act 1984.
The relevant local government authority should be contacted regarding the requirements of this
legislation.

Occupational health and safety

In Victoria, the enforcement of occupational health and safety requirements is the responsibility of the
Victorian WorkCover Authority (VWA). These include work practices, working environment and reporting
procedures.
Proprietors and prospective proprietors should contact the VWA for compliance requirements.

Disability access
The advent of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 (DD Act) needs to be kept in mind when designing
buildings, to ensure that people with disabilities are not discriminated against.
The Australian Standard AS1428 series provides additional information relating to disability access.

Process checklist for approvals

For new registrations, where a building is to be constructed or is not currently registered as an SRS, you
will need to obtain the appropriate planning and building permits and ensure that the building is
constructed in compliance with those documents.
The department will require evidence from a registered building surveyor that the building, as
constructed, complies with the BCA and these design guidelines.

Registration processes

Premises not currently registered

The proposed business operator must:
• apply to the department for registration of the premises. Application forms and lodgement details can
be obtained from the website: www.health.vic.gov.au/srs
• obtain an occupancy permit and a planning permit evidencing the permitted use of the premises as an
SRS
• provide a copy of the ‘as-built’ drawings .
• provide a report from a registered building surveyor that the building, as constructed, complies with
the Building Code of Australia (BCA) and these design guidelines.
The department will consider the application and drawings and, if consistent with the BCA, SRS Act,
SRS Regulations, departmental expectations outlined in these guidelines and suitability criteria for the
proposed proprietor, will issue a certificate of registration.

Registered premises: alterations/renovations

In relation to upgrades or extensions at already registered premises, the proprietor must:

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• apply to the department for approval to carry out the proposed works before the works are
commenced. Application forms and lodgement details can be obtained from the website:
www.health.vic.gov.au/srs
• provide a copy of working drawings for new works proposed
• provide a copy of the building permit for the proposed works and a planning permit evidencing the
permitted use of the premises as an SRS.
The department will consider the application and drawings and, if consistent with the BCA, SRS Act,
SRS Regulations, departmental expectations outlined in these guidelines and suitability criteria for the
proposed proprietor, will approve the proposed works.
Once the alterations/renovations have been completed, an application for variation of registration must
be lodged before the altered or renovated areas can be used.

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Part 2: Design guidelines

Purpose of the guidelines

These guidelines are intended for use by:

• prospective proprietors or developers and their building consultants who plan to build a new SRS
• prospective proprietors who intend to lease or purchase existing premises for use as an SRS
• existing SRS proprietors or property owners who are considering upgrading or extending an existing
registered SRS.
They replace the SRS design guidelines that were produced in 1991 and reissued in 1995 and 2006.

Assessment process
When reviewing proposals for an SRS, the department will assess the plans against the criteria outlined
in this document. Assessment against those criteria is intended to contribute to the achievement of an
appropriate environment for residents, staff and visitors and is based on the principles and standards of
the SRS Act and SRS Regulations.
This part of the guidelines is organised in three sections, legislated requirements, departmental
expectations and additional consideration.

Legislated requirements
This section includes references to the BCA, the SRS Act and SRS Regulations, as well as other
relevant acts and regulations.
The BCA references are included for information only and are not to be construed as legal advice. In all
circumstances, a registered building surveyor should be consulted to ascertain requirements under
relevant building codes and regulations for any particular existing or proposed facility.
All SRS must comply with the SRS Act and SRS Regulations.
Where the legislated requirement is stated at the beginning of a section, it refers to all the subsections
within that section.

Departmental expectations
The departmental expectations outlined in this document must be met before registration of a new SRS
is granted.
These departmental expectations have been developed to provide clear guidelines upon which the
department will base decisions as to whether a building can be registered as an SRS.
In all circumstances buildings not currently registered must comply with all departmental expectations.
In some circumstances the department may consider a variation of these requirements for buildings that
are to be newly registered as an SRS. The criteria to be used to make those considerations are included
in the legislated requirements section where appropriate.
Any reference to an Australian Standard (AS) should be read as a reference to the latest version of the
particular standard.

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Additional considerations
These features are recommended by the department in order to provide a building that is comfortable for
residents and staff, and is easy to manage over time.
In all circumstances these guidelines should be read in conjunction with appropriate advice from
professional design and building consultants, and all sites and buildings must comply with any other
relevant legislative requirements.

Site considerations

Location

Legislated requirements

SRS Act, s. 15: ‘Criteria for registration in relation to building matters’

In determining whether to register or refuse to register premises as a SRS, the Secretary must
consider whether the building and site are suitable for use as an SRS and whether the applicant has
obtained the appropriate permits, or shown proof that the appropriate permits were obtained, to use
the facility as an SRS.
In addition, with regard to existing premises intended to be registered, the SRS Regulations
(schedule 1 (4.2 I), requires a report to be submitted to the department by a building surveyor that
the premises is currently compliant with the BCA and any guidelines on SRS design issued by the
department.
In the case of alterations and extensions, the building surveyor’s report on the compliance of any
new bedrooms and ensuites will be required once any approved works have been completed.

Departmental expectations
The premises or proposed premises will:
• be located in an environment suitable for residential use
• have reasonable proximity to shops, public transport and community services
• have suitable access for frail aged or other residents with a disability
• comply with all planning and other relevant regulations.

Site

Legislated requirements
Various legislated requirements relating to site considerations are included throughout the document with
respect to particular functional areas, both indoor and outdoor.

Departmental expectations
The size and shape of the site will:
• allow for safe movement around outdoor areas accessed by residents, including access for people
with a disability and a safe path of travel from the car park to the entrance for residents, staff and
visitors
• provide adequate external recreation space for the proposed number of residents, suitable for the
range of activities to be undertaken onsite by residents, staff and visitors

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• allow for safe entry and egress to and from the building by residents, staff and visitors.

Additional considerations
An environmental assessment may be required to determine if there is any soil contamination or other
hazard that may impact on site suitability.

Vehicle access and parking

Legislated requirements
Vehicle access and parking areas must conform to town planning and other local government authority
requirements.

Departmental expectations
Access and parking arrangements must:
• allow for easy access to the premises for emergency service vehicles at all times
• be sensitive to noise, light and safety issues for residents and neighbours.
Additional considerations
A loading bay away from the main entry point will facilitate safe access for service vehicles.

Signage

Legislated requirements
Signage at the site must conform to building regulations, town planning and other local government
authority requirements.

Additional considerations
Signage identifying the SRS should be displayed clearly in English and other relevant languages, and
should be suitable for people with some degree of visual impairment.

Landscaping

Legislated requirements
Landscaping of the site must conform to town planning and other local government authority
requirements.

Building orientation

Legislated requirements
Orientation of the building on the site must conform to local government authority requirements.

Additional considerations
To maximise the use of passive energy (such as sunlight) the building should be orientated to take
advantage of the easterly and northerly aspects. This is particularly relevant for communal areas that are
predominantly used during the day.
A carefully designed landscape can provide an environment that is sensitive, nurturing and supportive,
and acts as an extension of internal spaces.
• Consideration should be given to maximising resident use of outdoor areas through the provision of
shade, seating, raised garden beds and flat areas suitable for use by people with a disability.

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• Consideration should be given to appropriate low-maintenance gardens requiring minimal watering as

well as to the installation of watering systems for outdoor areas.
• Provision for a shed or other storage for garden tools and equipment may be required.

Design considerations
Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 15: ‘Criteria for registration’

In making a decision whether to register or refuse to register premises as an SRS, the Secretary
must consider whether the building and site are suitable for use as an SRS.

SRS Act, s. 59, r. 29, schedule 9, standard 1: ‘Privacy, dignity and confidentiality’
Minimum requirements are:
• facilities provided allow residents to undertake personal activities (for example, bathing, toileting
and dressing) in private
• where rooms are shared, provision is made to ensure residents' privacy to the documented
satisfaction of the residents concerned
• facilities provided must be suitable for disabled use, if required
• residents' personal and health information is securely stored.
SRS Act, s. 59, r. 29 schedule 9, standard 13: ‘Safe and stable environment’
Minimum requirements are:
• functioning call bells are located and accessible in each bedroom, bathroom, shower and in
residents' toilets
• call bells are tested regularly to ensure continuous operation
• if appropriate, grab rails are provided in each toilet, shower room and bathroom
• there is sufficient lighting in passages, stairways, bathrooms, shower rooms and toilets for safe
movement around the SRS
• there are sufficient power outlets available in every bedroom to accommodate electrical
appliances without the need for extension cords
• hot and cold water is supplied to all showers, baths and hand basins and the temperature of the
hot water is controlled to avoid the risk of scalding
• processes are in place and maintained to identify and manage risks and hazards to residents.

Overall design features

Departmental expectations
In general, the built environment should be designed and constructed in a manner that promotes a safe
and comfortable environment that is cost effective in both capital and recurrent terms. While the aim
should be to keep the scale of the building ‘domestic’ and non-institutional, care should be taken to
ensure practical considerations are addressed and all other relevant legislative requirements are met.

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Additional considerations
The following factors should also be taken into consideration:
• an energy-efficient and passive solar design will provide a more economically and environmental
sustainable facility
• an effective building shape will minimise circulation routes for residents and staff
• the use of standard, readily available fixtures and fittings, appropriate building materials and robust
surface finishes will minimise ongoing maintenance costs.

Resident needs

Departmental expectations
Privacy must be considered in all aspects of the design and residents should have a sense of personal
space in bedrooms and living areas. This includes the capacity to accommodate personal visitors
privately, appropriately scaled communal areas and adequate external spaces that are easily accessible
and safe for residents.
Particular consideration should be given to safety and security if the planned resident population is likely
to include people with dementia or other significant cognitive impairments.

Staff needs

Additional considerations
A design that enables staff to carry out their duties effectively as well as catering for the needs of staff
will enhance the quality of the service. Planning should include:
• building design that maximises the capacity of staff to observe residents and ensure their safety in all
parts of the facility, without unnecessarily obtrusive design features
• adequate office space
• short travel routes within the facility
• car-parking areas that are adequately lit at night
• adequate secure storage for staff belongings
• dependent on facility size, a staff tea room or equivalent
• consideration of whether staffing will include sleep-over or stand-up staff, with provision of a sleep-
over staff bedroom if needed.

Visiting services

Departmental expectations
Consideration should be given to the provision of adequate space and facilities for visiting services to
see residents at the premises, including:
• a private meeting or consulting room
• storage of any specialised equipment
• hand basins or other necessary fittings and fixtures
• adequate space for appropriate group activities.
The types of visiting services that may typically need to be accommodated include:
• general practitioners and other doctors
• allied health services
• hairdressers and beauticians
• mental health or specialist disability service workers

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• activities workers
• priests and other pastoral care providers.

Access for people with disabilities

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause D3.2: ‘General building access requirements’

• Buildings must be accessible as required by table D3.2.
• Parts of buildings required to be accessible must also comply with AI28.1.
• External access to buildings required to be accessible must be in accordance with this part and
AS1428.1 and must be provided:
– from the allotment boundary at the main points of entry
– from any accessible car parking space on the allotment in accordance with D 3.5
– from any adjacent and associated building on the allotment
– through the principle public entrance.

Table D 3.2: ‘Class 3 building or group of buildings’

• Common areas and unique features and services. To and within:
– the common areas of the storey incorporating the principle public entrance
– any facility required to be accessible
– no less than one of each room or area in which a unique service is provided or which has a
unique feature.
• If the building or group of buildings contains sole occupancy units:
– for one to 20 units – to and within one sole occupancy unit
– for more than 20 units but not more than 45 units – to and within two sole occupancy units
– for each additional 30 units or part thereof – to and within one additional sole occupancy unit
– they must be distributed as equitably as practical so as to be representative of the range of
amenity available.
• If accommodation is provided for more than ten persons, other than sole occupancy units:
– up to 49 beds – to two beds
– more than 49 but not more than 99 beds – to four beds
– more than 99 beds – to six beds.
SRS Act, s. 59, r. 29, schedule 9, standard 1.2: ‘Dignity’
• Minimum requirements are:
– facilities provided must be suitable for disabled use, if required.

All disability access features should comply with AS 1428.1 including sanitary facilities, ramps, handrails
and circulation spaces.
All buildings must have an accessible path of travel from the front gate to the main building entrance, to
main common living and eating areas on ground floor, and to main outdoor area for resident use. A
minimum of one toilet must be accessible.

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Additional considerations
The advent of the DD Act needs to be kept in mind when designing buildings, to ensure that people with
disabilities are not discriminated against. It is proposed in the future that the BCA will be amended to
reference technical standards which when complied with will satisfy the DD Act.

Fire safety

Legislated requirements

BCA Vic table E1.5

All new and existing SRS premises must be fitted with a sprinkler system compliant with AS2118.4.

BCA Part C, Vic part H103

Generally, for sprinklered class 3 buildings, the following is applicable:
• no fire compartmentation is required
• smoke compartmentation is required in any public corridor which is more than 40 metres in
length.
Generally, for class 9C buildings, the following is applicable:
• fire compartments are required to a maximum of 3,000 square metres
• smoke compartments are required to a maximum of 500 square metres.
BCA Part D, Vic part H103
Egress provisions are detailed in Part D1, including the distribution of required exits.

BCA Part E, Vic part H103

Basic requirements for firefighting equipment are detailed in Part E1, including the location of fire
hydrants, fire extinguishers and fire blankets. Parts E2 and E4 set out the basic requirements for fire
alarm, detection and evacuation systems, including:
• fire indicator panels
• occupant warning systems
• external monitoring of sprinklered alarms, smoke detectors and thermal detectors
• emergency lighting and exit signage compliant with AS2293
• smoke door, fire door, electronically locked door, smoke damper, automatic shut down and air
handling system requirements for class 9c buildings.

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Security systems

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, schedule 9, standard 1: ‘Privacy, dignity and confidentiality’
• Facilities provided allow residents to undertake personal activities (for example, bathing, toileting
and dressing) in private.
• Residents’ personal and health information is securely stored.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, schedule 9, standard 4: ‘Protection of private property’

• Residents are provided with suitable storage facilities for their personal property.
• Private property is not taken, borrowed or given to another person without the permission of the
resident or resident's guardian.

Departmental expectations
Many facilities are now installing various security systems such as key-pads on doors to the external
environment as well as between various zones within the building. These systems are designed for
protecting residents and staff from intruders (particularly at night) and to control the movement of
residents (particularly residents with dementia).
Although such security systems are acceptable, care should be taken that they are not being installed
just for the convenience of staff (which may compromise the quality of resident’s living environment), and
that they do not compromise emergency evacuation requirements.
The security system on egress must be integrated with the fire-detection system in accordance with the
BCA.

Storage of poisonous substances

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• Processes are in place and maintained to identify and manage risks and hazards to residents.

Adequate, lockable storage must be provided to cater for all materials of this nature, including in the
laundry, kitchen, garden, medical and other areas.

Door and window hardware

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause Vic H101.3: ‘Doorways’

The clear width of all bedroom entrance doorways must be not less than 900 millimetres. The clear
width of all other doorways must be not less than 800 millimetres.

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BCA reference clause Vic H101.3: ‘Windows’

The sill height of windows in habitable rooms must be not more than 900 millimetres from the floor.
Openable windows must be provided with flyscreens.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 14: ‘Clean, comfortable and well-maintained environment’
• All facilities, fittings, fixtures, furniture and equipment are maintained in a proper state of repair
and in good working order.
• Cleaning and maintenance of the premises, grounds, furniture, fixtures, fittings and equipment is
undertaken in accordance with a schedule adequate for the needs of the resident population.
• Offensive odours are identified at the premises and controlled and vermin are eradicated.

Departmental expectations
All doors opening to the outside must be provided with flywire screens, except automatically closing
doors.
Safety glass must be installed to all windows below 900 millimetres above the floor, including in glazed
doors and sidelights.
To allow for checking and evacuation in the event of an emergency, staff must have access to all areas
within the premises at all times, including resident bedrooms. The use of keyed-alike and master key
door lock systems may facilitate appropriate access.
All door handles are to be lever type; minimum 150 millimetres long and with a small return at the end of
the handle being preferred. Handles are to be located 1,050 millimetres above floor level.

Additional considerations
Doors should be domestic in appearance and generally of single leaf type. Although doors should be
robust and have good acoustic quality, frailer residents will not be able to open heavy doors and such
doors may also inconvenience staff who are pushing trolleys. A semi-solid type door is recommended.
Operable windows to all resident areas should be either sliding or double hinged. The use of awning
(wind out) windows should be avoided, particularly where opening onto a paved area.
Windows to the floor can enhance the light and liveability of communal living areas. Consideration needs
to be given to curtains, railings or decals to prevent residents walking through windows or glass doors
accidentally.
Window locks should be easy to operate and of low maintenance. Avoid locating window hardware at
high points. Consideration should also be given to having locks on windows so that windows can be left
open marginally to prevent intruders from entering, but allow for emergency exit.

Acoustics

Departmental expectations
The design of SRS premises must be such that sound transmission between rooms, particularly
conversations with or about residents, is minimised.
In the case of rooms used for visiting services, including doctors and social workers, care must be taken
to ensure that return air grilles are acoustically treated to avoid transfer of conversations to adjacent
areas. Door grilles in these areas should be avoided.

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Additional considerations
Generally, acoustic consideration should be given to areas that generate unwanted noise – for example,
day areas (living, dining and activities rooms) and visiting services or administration areas. Good results
may be achieved through careful planning, in conjunction with the use of appropriate sound-absorbing
finishes, proprietary acoustic screening materials or window and door seals. In some instances, walls
may need to be extended above the ceilings to avoid transfer of noise through the ceiling/roof space.
Another important consideration can be potentially noisy residents who may be disruptive to other
residents at night.

Building fabric and finishes

Departmental expectations
Building fabric and finishes, including wall, floor and window treatments, should be domestic in
appearance as well as being functional for residents and staff.

Additional considerations
As a general rule, it is appropriate to use products that are robust, have a long lifespan and are easy to
clean. Appendix 1 includes recommendations regarding materials and finishes.

Joinery

Departmental expectations
Joinery should be as domestic as possible in terms of design, construction and choice of material and
finish.

Additional considerations
AS1428 provides additional information about design, particularly with respect to the height, frailty and
disability of potential users.

Signs and graphics

Departmental expectations
The use of signs and graphics should be kept to a minimum to avoid the creation of an institutionalised
environment. Where signs and graphics are used, however, they should be placed at a height between
1,250 and 1,650 millimetres above the floor with a raised or indented typeface of a minimum of
30 millimetres. They should also incorporate appropriate international symbols.

Additional considerations
Variation of colour, material and design features may be more effective directional stimuli for residents
than signage.

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Hydraulic services

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• Hot and cold water is supplied to all showers, baths and hand basins and the temperature of the
hot water controlled to avoid the risk of scalding.

Departmental expectations
Local or central thermostatic mixing valves may be used to achieve appropriate hot water temperature
control. The provision of hot water must comply with BCA requirements, including:
• any relevant guidelines for thermostatic mixing valves
• guidelines for the control of Legionnaires disease (refer to <www.legionella.vic.gov.au> for further
information)
• installation and maintenance in accordance with AS3666.
In the event of supply failure, emergency shut-off hot and cold water supplies should be provided. In
addition concealed stop taps should be installed to each wet area for maintenance purposes.

Additional considerations
The following equipment/fixtures issues should be considered:
• all bathroom fixtures should have devices, which limit maximum water flow
• all shower roses should be of the low-flow, anti-vandal, flush-mounted, safety type
• hands-free taps should be fitted to wash-basins in staff and consulting areas with provision being
made to conceal the controlling equipment where appropriate
• wastes to wash-basins in resident areas should be concealed
• floor wastes should be provided to all wet areas, including laundries, ensuites and bathrooms
• all floor wastes should be the ‘gatic-wade’ type.

Lighting and electrical services

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• There is sufficient lighting in passages, stairways, bathrooms, shower rooms and toilets for safe
movement around the SRS.
• There are sufficient power outlets available in every bedroom to accommodate electrical
appliances without the need for extension cords.

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SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• There is sufficient lighting in passages, stairways, bathrooms, shower rooms and toilets for safe
movement around the SRS.
• There are sufficient power outlets available in every bedroom to accommodate electrical
appliances without the need for extension cords.

BCA reference clause Vic H101.7

• Details general requirements for power outlet provision.
• Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector
• The Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector (OCEI) is the technical regulator and is responsible for
electrical safety and equipment efficiency in Victoria. It is a statutory authority. Before an
occupancy permit is issued a certificate of compliance with the requirements of the OCEI must be
issued.

Departmental expectations
All electrical circuits must incorporate overload switches or emergency safety breakers.
Security lighting should be provided, particularly to outdoor areas. The lighting system must conform to
the BCA and AS1680, AS1765 and AS2501 as appropriate. Emergency and exit lighting throughout must
conform to the BCA and AS2293.

Additional considerations
The following items need to be considered for the provision of electrical services:
• the use of clustered sub-circuit boards may simplify maintenance and repair procedures
• entry doors that have electronic locks should be controllable from the staff base and include provision
for battery back-up to the system to ensure that locks are operative during periods of power failure
• power outlets should be a minimum of 450 millimetres above floor level
• the use of double adaptors and extension leads should be avoided
• larger light and power switches with power indicators may be appropriate for resident use.

Heating and cooling

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 14: ‘A clean, comfortable and well-maintained environment’
• The temperature of the premises is maintained at a level at which residents are comfortable.

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Departmental expectations
In order to maintain resident safety, fixed electric bar heaters below 2,100 millimetres above the floor,
and portable heaters, are not acceptable in resident areas. Similarly, portable fans that do not have fixed
safety guards are not acceptable in resident areas.
All fitted air conditioning systems must comply with the BCA as well as AS1668, AS2107 and AS3666.

Additional considerations
Air conditioning systems should be considered for resident communal areas at a minimum in areas south
of the Great Dividing Range, and for the total facility in areas north of the Great Dividing Range. The use
of energy-efficient systems to minimise running costs should be considered. This could include the use
of ceiling fans where there are appropriate ceiling heights. Zoned heating and cooling systems,
particularly those that utilise split-system delivery, may also be cost effective.
The ability of residents to achieve a specific internal temperate climate within their own bedroom should
also be considered. The use of a hydronic heating system incorporating individual control wall panels in
each bedroom is a good example of achieving this outcome.
A mechanical ventilation system is recommended for any internal rooms or in rooms where odours or
steam may be a problem. A simple exhaust fan may suffice in individual rooms, but an exhaust system
may be more appropriate where several rooms are together. In either case it will be necessary to ensure
that the exhausted air is distributed away from any windows, doors and external activity areas.

Waste disposal

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 14: ‘A clean, comfortable and well maintain environment’
• Waste is not permitted to accumulate at the premises or on the grounds and is collected at regular
and frequent intervals.
• Pending the collection of waste and rubbish, it is stored so as to minimise any risk of fire hazard or
injury to residents.
• Offensive odours are identified at the premises and controlled and vermin are eradicated.

Departmental expectations
Facilities for the storage, handling or disposal of solid and liquid waste materials should not be located
near bedrooms or other areas frequented by residents.

Additional considerations
Careful consideration should be given to the provision of facilities for the collection, holding and disposal
of waste products. Given the pick-up of waste products, such as soiled linen and other contaminated
substances, may be infrequent, properly ventilated enclosed external rooms with good vehicular access
may be appropriate.

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Telephones

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given as to whether each resident’s bedroom should have a telephone outlet
and the location of other outlets.
Coin and card-operated public telephones may be considered and provided in a recessed area (for
acoustic purposes) of the resident communal areas.

Electronic communication system

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause Vic H101.6

Details the general requirements for resident call-system buttons including the number and location of
call buttons in bathrooms, toilets, bedrooms and other habitable rooms. Buttons in showers, bathrooms
and other wet areas must be waterproof.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• Functioning call bells are located and accessible in each bedroom, bathroom, shower and in
residents' toilets.
• Call bells are tested regularly to ensure continuous operation.

Departmental expectations
Enunciator panels with audible alarms that indicate the location of activated call buttons should be
prominently displayed in staff and administration areas of the premises as well as in any overnight staff
quarters. The audible alarm should be clear and loud enough to attract the attention of relevant staff
whether awake or sleeping.

Additional considerations
Pocket, pendant or wrist-type radio–pager call systems are recommended for staff only. If such a system
is used, it should be for local transmission only and be equipped with its own antenna, amplifier,
transmitter, encoder and receivers.

Television and computer

Departmental expectations
Television is often a primary source of information and entertainment for residents. It is also an activity
that can be undertaken in passive group settings when a common source of interest exists between
residents. Television antenna points should be provided in each resident bedroom as well as lounge and
sitting areas.

Additional considerations
Consideration should also be given to installing cabling and outlets which are suitable for computers as
well as televisions.

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Essential safety measures maintenance

Essential safety measures are the fire and other safety systems installed or constructed in a building to
ensure adequate levels of safety over the life of the building. They include:
• all traditional active–building fire services such as sprinklers and mechanical services
• passive fire safety such as fire doors and fire-rated structures
• other building infrastructure items such as paths of travel to exits.
State legislation in Victoria prescribing requirements for the maintenance of buildings is divided into two
divisions: buildings built before 1 July 1994 and buildings built on or after 1 July 1994.

Buildings built on or after 1 July 1994

The current regulations make it mandatory for the registered building surveyor to list the required
essential safety measures on the issued occupancy permit. The level of performance to which the
services are to be maintained must also be specified on the certificate.
In the case of an essential safety measure being provided where no occupancy permit is required, the
level of performance must be specified in writing and given to the owner. In those circumstances, the
department will require a copy of that written information as part of the assessment of any application for
registration or approval of alterations/renovations.

Buildings built before 1 July 1994

In older premises, safety equipment, safety fittings and safety measures within existing buildings must be
maintained in a state that enables them to fulfil their purpose.
The safety equipment, safety fittings and safety measures that are to be maintained are the items
installed or constructed in the building that were required by the regulations at the time of construction.
These will typically be similar to those listed as essential safety measures.
In the absence of an occupancy permit detailing the essential safety measures required and an
appropriate maintenance schedule, the department will require a written report from a registered building
surveyor detailing those matters as part of the assessment of any application for registration or approval
of alterations/renovations.

Residents’ areas

Bedroom size and layout

The planning of residents’ personal accommodation is fundamental to the creation of a homelike
environment.

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause VIC F3.103: ‘Bedroom size’

The minimum bedroom size is 12 square metres per occupant.

Departmental expectations
No more than two residents may be accommodated in any bedroom.
In order to provide sufficient space for a bed, personal furniture, mobility aids and sitting space, as well
as adequate circulation space within the bedroom, the minimum allowable size of a single bedroom is 12
square metres in most circumstances.

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The minimum allowable size for double bedrooms is 24 square metres in most circumstances. The
department may consider smaller bedrooms in existing buildings where an adjoining living area or similar
is provided for the sole private use of the resident or residents of the bedroom.
Exclusive storage spaces within the bedroom, rather than shared storage space, must be provided for
each resident including some capacity to lock away valuable items. Wardrobes may be either built-in or
freestanding of minimum dimensions 1,500 millimetres wide and 600 millimetres deep. Built-in wardrobe
space is included in the net area, though internal corridors are not.
In double bedrooms there must be a minimum distance of 1,100 millimetres from the bed-end to any
fixed object, wall or other bed, and a minimum 1,500 millimetres between beds placed side by side.
Every bedroom must have a door. Bedroom doors fitted with an internal lock must have an escape latch
release mechanism and must be suitable for single-handed operation.
Every bedroom must have a window. Bedroom windows must be provided with curtains or blinds to
promote privacy, reduce glare and assist with temperature control. There must not be a direct view from
one bedroom window to another over a distance of less than three metres.
Floor coverings must be of carpet or other similar ‘soft’ covering conducive to a homelike environment.
Bedrooms with disability access must comply with AS1428.1.

Additional considerations
Providing bedrooms in small clusters may provide for a more homelike environment than large groupings
or long corridors of bedrooms.

Figure 1: Typical bedroom layouts

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Access to bedrooms

Departmental expectations
For reasons of visual and acoustic privacy, as well as security, all bedrooms should only be accessible
directly from a passageway or other communicating area and not via another bedroom, communal or
service area.
Residents must also have unimpeded access to their bedrooms and movement around their own rooms.

Identification of rooms

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 15: ‘Emergency procedures and planning’
• An up-to-date map of the SRS which identifies the number of each bedroom door, and clearly
marked exit points, is kept in a prominent place.

Additional considerations
Residents may be assisted in identifying their own room by the strategic placement of personal articles
and artwork in addition to room numbers on the door.

Privacy screens

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 1: ‘Privacy, dignity and confidentiality’

• Facilities provided allow residents to undertake personal activities (for example, bathing, toileting
and dressing) in private.
• Where rooms are shared, provision is made to ensure residents' privacy to the documented
satisfaction of the residents concerned.

Departmental expectations
Privacy screens, of whatever type provided, must not detract from a homelike environment. They must
be positioned clear of electrical switches, call bells, heaters and doors, and care must be taken to ensure
that they do not prevent the transmission of natural light within the bedroom.

Additional considerations
Consideration should also be given to the type of screen provided as some screens may inhibit the
movement of air within the bedroom or reduce the effectiveness of fire safety features such as smoke
detectors and sprinklers.

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Bedside lighting

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 14: ‘A clean, comfortable and well-maintained environment’
• Residents have access to bedside lighting as well as general room lighting.

Departmental expectations
General room lighting should achieve a level of 200 lux in accordance with AS1680. Bedside lighting
should also achieve 20 lux independent of the general room lighting. Bedside lights may be portable or
fixed to the wall by the bed.

Additional considerations
As a safety measure, bedside lights that are placed upon a bedside table should be mounted into
position, thereby avoiding dangers if accidentally knocked to the ground.
Avoid installing hospital-type over-bed lights to beds. A portable light can be provided for use during
medical examinations.

Bathrooms, ensuites and toilets

Legislated requirements

BCA table F2.1: ‘Class 3 other than residential aged care’

Provide a bath or shower, a toilet and wash basin for each ten residents for whom private facilities
are not provided.

BCA VIC table F2.1: ‘Class 9c aged care buildings’

Provide:
• a toilet and washbasin for each six residents for whom private facilities are not provided
• a shower for each seven residents for whom private facilities are not provided
• a suitable bath, fixed or mobile on each residential storey
• a clinical hand-washing basin for each 16 residents.

BCA VIC table D3.2 and table F2.4

Sanitary facilities for people with disabilities comprising a toilet, washbasin, shower and shelf must
be installed (to comply with AS 1428 part 1 2001) in disabled accessible bedrooms at the following
ratios:
• for one to 20 bedrooms – one sanitary facility
• for 20 to 45 bedrooms – two sanitary facilities
• each additional 30 bedrooms or part thereof – an additional sanitary facility.
Multiple facilities should be distributed as evenly as practical.

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SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 1: ‘Privacy, dignity and confidentiality’

• Facilities provided allow residents to undertake personal activities (for example, bathing, toileting
and dressing) in private.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• Functioning call bells are located and accessible in each bedroom, bathroom, shower and in
residents' toilets.
• If appropriate, grab rails are provided in each toilet, shower room and bathroom.
• There is sufficient lighting in passages, stairways, bathrooms, shower rooms and toilets for safe
movement around the SRS.
• Hot and cold water is supplied to all showers, baths and hand basins and the temperature of the
hot water controlled to avoid the risk of scalding.

The installation of grab rails in all toilets, bathrooms and showers must comply with AS1428.1.
Flooring is to be non-slip type (sheet vinyl or tiles) and impervious material on the walls (sheet vinyl, tiles
or laminate sheets).
Mechanical ventilation must be installed to each bathroom, ensuite and toilet.
The location of doors must be positioned to enable easy access and must open outward or be fixed with
removable hinges.

Departmental expectations
It is important that the location and design of bathrooms, ensuites and toilets reflect the principles
relating to the development of a ‘homelike’ environment while also addressing issues of accessibility and
safety.
Each bathroom and ensuite should:
• have enough space for private dressing and contain a towel rail, clothes hook, shelf and space for a
seat
• have a floor gradient not more than one in 100, with the shower itself having a gradient of not more
than one in 60
• privacy locks or similar mechanisms must be fitted but openable from the outside in an emergency
• natural light, even if it is a skylight, should be incorporated into the design
• a shower set, other than a hand-held set, should not be installed over a bath as it poses a significant
safety issue for residents and OHS issue for staff.

Additional considerations
Consider providing ensuites as they reduce staff travel time and assist in personal hygiene and
continence management programs. This may include a shared ensuite between two rooms with privacy
locks.
Where ensuites are not provided, bathrooms and toilets should be allocated for female or male use only
and should be positioned wherever possible near groups of bedrooms, for convenience and safety,
preferably within 25 metres from any bedroom.
Consideration should also be given to the accessibility of fittings given the likely characteristics of the
expected resident population.

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This includes:
• mirror and basin heights
• wheelchair and other mobility aid access
• easy to use taps for people with arthritis.

Living areas

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause VIC F3.1: ‘Ceiling heights’

Class 3
• Habitable room other than kitchen 2.4 metres
• Kitchen, laundry and passageway 2.1 metres
Class 9c
• Habitable room (other than a kitchen) and passageway 2.4 metres
• Kitchen and laundry 2.1 metres
BCA reference clause VIC F3.102: ‘Room sizes’

BCA VIC F3.103: ‘Class 3 and 9c’

• Common habitable rooms (other than kitchens and bedrooms) minimum 7.5 square metres
• Aggregate floor area of common habitable rooms (other than kitchens and bedrooms) to be
minimum 3.5 square metres per resident

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 2: ‘Independence and choice’

• Residents' interests and preferences are reflected in activities provided at the SRS.

Lounge rooms

Departmental expectations
The lounge room, together with the dining room, is seen as the main hub of daily activities within an
SRS, providing for recreational space, social interaction and therapeutic programs. They are used as
communal areas for all residents and their visitors.
A minimum floor area of 3.5 square metres, including secondary circulation paths, per resident should be
allowed for lounge areas. A main circulation path (for example a corridor) through the room is not
considered as part of the net floor area. The department may consider a reduction of the per resident
lounge area in some circumstances where the resident bedroom space exceeds the minimum legislated
requirement.
The minimum ceiling height in lounge rooms should not be lower than 2,700 millimetres.
Joinery items should not inhibit the use of the room nor be obstructive to residents with sensory
impairments or physical disabilities.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to providing a separate lounge area for each 30 residents on each floor
level and to co-locating lounge areas with dining rooms to create sufficient floor space for larger group
activities and increased flexibility in usage.

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As this area will often be the main living area for most residents, it is important that views and visual
contact with external activities be incorporated into the design.
Direct external access is important and the use of verandas or covered area will extend the capacity and
flexibility of the living areas.
Storage and connection points for televisions and other recreational equipment should be provided in
each lounge room.
Consideration should also be given to varying the ceiling height and the inclusion of picture rails or visual
contrast to improve the spatial environment.

Figure 2: Typical lounge layouts

Sitting areas

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to the provision of separate sitting areas for residents and their visitors.
These can provide a sense of privacy for residents to engage in quieter activities or meet with visitors
away from their bedroom or larger communal lounge room.
Separate sitting areas provide residents with choice in relation to where they spend quiet time and with
whom and may be helpful with behaviour management for those residents who have difficulties
negotiating relationships with others.
The sitting area should be conveniently located within a cluster of bedrooms and easily accessible to
allow for both casual and planned social interaction. External views and direct external access are
important considerations for design.
Sitting areas should be at least 12 square metres in area to allow for several lounge chairs and other
appropriate furniture though they do not necessarily need to be enclosed rooms. Alcoves off
passageways, for example, may be suitable.

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Figure 3: Typical sitting area layouts

Dining rooms

Departmental expectations
The dining room, together with the lounge room, is seen as the main hub of daily activities within an
SRS. The dining room is an area where residents can sit down to have meals, meet, play games and
generally socialise.
It should be centrally located for easy access by all residents and the floor area should be at least two
square metres per resident, including secondary circulation areas. A main circulation path (for example a
corridor) through the room is not considered as part of the net floor area.
The dining room should also be located adjoining the main kitchen or servery area.

Additional considerations
Spaces for small private occasions, such as entertaining visitors, should be considered. Either a small
separate dining room or an alcove within the dining room could achieve this.
Consideration should be given to varying ceiling heights or the use of picture rails and colour
differentiation to create spatial interest.

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Figure 4: Typical dining room layouts

Tea-making facilities or kitchenette

Tea-making facilities accessible to residents and visitors should be incorporated into the design of all
SRS.
Consideration should also be given to incorporating one or more kitchenettes to provide a higher level of
amenity, particularly in circumstances where food is going to be cooked offsite and then reheated.

Departmental expectations
Separate master controls for each major equipment item or service should be provided for use by staff.
Consideration should also be given to appropriate standards of storage and access to equipment
(including toasters and microwaves) relevant to the expected disability profile of residents.
Access to tea-making facilities or kitchenettes should be directly from communal areas, not from resident
bedrooms.

Additional considerations
Where a kitchenette is provided, the design should allow for a minor meal preparation area by staff and
also provide space and access for residents to make tea and coffee or snacks.
The minimum floor area of a kitchenette should be eight square metres and the layout should be
functionally efficient and safe. A kitchenette may include a range of equipment for residents and visitors
to use such as: coffee and tea-making facilities; a toaster, oven or microwave oven; and a sink or
dishwasher.

Multi-use room
A multi-use room is often provided for activity programs (such as exercise, music or drama classes),
community participation and large group meetings. It should be easily accessible from the front entry and
have direct external access, preferably to a paved area, to facilitate delivery and removal of equipment.

Departmental expectations
Where a multi-use room is not provided in a facility, the lounge room or dining room will need to be able
to be used for these purposes.

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Additional considerations
While the recommended minimum area is 30 square metres per 30 residents, consideration should be
given to the shape and layout of the room in order to maximise open floor space.
Consideration should be given to varying ceiling heights or the use of picture rails and colour
differentiation to create spatial interest.
Consideration should be given to locating the activity room abutting a lounge or dining room, with an
openable wall between, to create a large usable space.

Residents’ courtyards and gardens

Courtyards and gardens should be used to provide residents with an external space that is usable and
enhances the homelike environment. They should include private areas as well as areas for socialisation
and therapeutic activities.

Departmental expectations
The minimum usable external area is five square metres per resident. This may include courtyards,
verandas, accessible rooftops and balconies, either individual or communal. Under certain
circumstances the department may approve smaller external area provided that:
• the minimum usable external resident space is 1.5 square metres per resident
• for every reduction of a square metre (or part thereof) there must be a corresponding increase of at
least 0.5 square metres of internal communal space.
Careful consideration needs to be given to protecting the privacy of residents whose bedrooms face onto
external communal spaces. Courtyard areas within 1.5 metres of a resident’s bedroom will not be
included in the external space allocation.
All resident external spaces shall comply with AS1428 and allow appropriate access for people with
disabilities.

Additional considerations
Courtyard and gardens should develop reference features, which provide orientation and focal points for
residents, staff and visitors. Garden beds and fruit trees that enable residents to participate in gardening
activities may also be incorporated into the landscape design.
Consideration should also be given to providing a covered veranda, pergola or similar structure to allow
protection from the weather, particularly if residents are expected to smoke outside. Other features
commonly incorporated into outdoor areas include:
• discrete, secure areas for residents who have a tendency to wander
• BBQs and other appropriate furniture
• clotheslines
• aviaries or other pet accommodation.

Domestic laundry
A small domestic laundry available for use by staff, family and able residents is often a useful addition to
the general service laundry.

Additional considerations
Domestic laundry facilities can be provided in a recessed lockable cupboard within another room (for
example in a bathroom or in a corridor alcove). At least a laundry trough should be provided for hand
washing with space provision for a small domestic washing machine and dryer. Washing machines and
dryers should be front loading for ease of operation by residents with a disability.

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The laundry should be located near resident bedrooms and with direct access to an external clothesline.
Lockable cupboard for storage of laundry detergents, together with space for clothes baskets and ironing
boards should be incorporated into the joinery design.

Figure 5: Typical domestic laundry layouts

Administration areas
Legislated requirements

SRS Act, s. 59, r. 29, schedule 9, standard 1: ‘Privacy, dignity and confidentiality’
• (d) Residents' personal and health information is securely stored.
SRS Act, s. 59, r. 29, schedule 9, standard 12
• (a) First aid materials are kept in an easily recognisable container that is located in a place easily
accessible to staff.

SRS Act, s. 15: ‘Criteria for registration in relation to building matters’

In making a decision whether to register or refuse to register premises as a supported residential
service, the Secretary must consider whether the building and site are suitable for use as an SRS.

Offices
Two types of office area are commonly provided in SRS facilities. The first is a general office for
reception and administration which also serves as a staff work-base. A manager’s office is also usually
provided to conduct meetings with staff, residents, visitors, health service providers and sales
representatives.

Departmental expectations
The minimum office areas expected in an SRS:
• facilities up to 30 residents – nine square metres
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• facilities with 30 to 60 residents – 12 square metres

• facilities over 60 residents – 14 square metres.
Resident records and stored medications are to be kept in a lockable cupboard in the office or another
secure area.

Additional considerations
It is recommended that a separate reception or staff work area as well as a general office be provided
where facilities accommodate more than 30 residents. Offices should be accessible to the main entry.
Consideration should be given to providing a built-in safe in the office area for residents’ valuables.

Therapy, consulting or interview room

It is important that residents are able to consult with, or be treated by, health and other service providers
in a private, professional environment.

Departmental expectations
Therapy rooms should typically be separate from the office area, however, in smaller facilities (fewer
than 15 beds) an appropriately fitted office may be used for this purpose.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to the range of services that will use the room, particularly in respect of
cupboards and other joinery. Plumbing requirements will also need to be considered if it is to be used by
visiting doctors, physical therapists or hairdressers.

Service and support areas

Legislated requirements

SRS Act, s. 15: ‘Criteria for registration in relation to building matters’

In determining whether to register or refuse to register premises as a health service establishment,
the Secretary must consider whether the building and site are suitable for use as an SRS.

Entry and exits

The front entry, through the first impression, sets the tone for the rest of the facility. The design should be
inviting to visitors while providing a sense of security for residents.

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Legislated requirements

SRS Act, s. 59, r. 29, standard 14: ‘Clean, comfortable and well-maintained facility’
• Offensive odours are identified at the premises and controlled and vermin are eradicated.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• There is sufficient lighting in passages, stairways, bathrooms, shower rooms and toilets for safe
movement around the SRS.

Departmental expectations
All entry and exit doors must:
• comply with AS1428.1 in regards accessibility
• be fitted with insect screens or automatic closing mechanisms
• be provided with adequate and appropriate lighting.
Additional considerations
For resident and staff safety, particularly at night, consideration should be given to the provision of
closed-circuit television or other monitoring of external doorways. Proximity of the main entrance from
car-parking facilities is important and consideration should be given to providing weather protection for
residents and visitors.

Corridors and stairways

Corridors and stairways are links between and within the various functional zones of the SRS. Storage
cupboards for linen, mobility aids, fire fighting and other equipment are also often accessed from
corridors.

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause Vic H101.4(b)

In class 9c buildings, handrails must be provided along both sides of every common passageway or
common corridor used by residents and they must be fixed not less than 50 millimetres clear of the
wall and, where practicable, continuous for their full length.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 13: ‘A safe environment’

• There is sufficient lighting in passages, stairways, bathrooms, shower rooms and toilets for safe
movement around the SRS.

Departmental expectations
Corridors which residents use must have a minimum clear width of 1500 millimetres between handrails
or any other fixture or fitting.
Handrails must be provided in all corridors used by residents where the resident population includes
people who are frail aged or those with mobility difficulties. Handrails must be provided wherever there
are one or more steps. Handrails must comply with AS1428.1.
Stairs and stairways should be kept to a minimum. Where provided, they must comply with AS1428.1
2001, including the fitting of appropriate banister rails and contrast strips.
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Adequate and appropriate lighting must be provided to all corridors and stairways.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to the provision of natural light to corridors as well as variations in width
and ceiling height to create spatial interest and promote a homelike environment. Similarly, the
circulation length of a single corridor should not be excessively long.
Consideration also should be given to the installation of a lift for multi-storey buildings, to improve
accessibility for residents with a physical disability and to assist staff with transport of heavy objects.

General laundry
Even if an external laundry service is used for the bulk of the facility needs, every SRS must have some
general laundry capacity to cater for small loads, accidents and emergencies.

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 14: ‘A clean, comfortable and well-maintained environment’
• Waste is not permitted to accumulate at the premises or on the grounds and is collected at
regular and frequent intervals.
• Pending the collection of waste and rubbish, it is stored so as to minimise any risk of fire hazard
or injury to residents.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29 standard 10: ‘Clothing’

• Clothing is laundered regularly.
SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 11: ‘Bedding and linen’
• Bedding (including linen, blankets, quilts and mattresses) is regularly cleaned, checked and
repaired or replaced when necessary.

Departmental expectations
There must be adequate facilities to collect dirty laundry and keep it separate from clean laundry.
Adequate facilities must also be provided to enable laundry contaminated with body fluids to be
separated from the general wash.
The general laundry should be located away from quiet areas such as resident bedrooms to avoid
unnecessary noise transmission. It should also be located to provide direct access to external drying
areas, if they are used, without necessitating transport of wet laundry through communal areas.
Sufficient secure storage must be provided for detergents and other cleaning materials kept in the
laundry.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to the provision of clothes dryers as well as external clotheslines.
If an external laundry service is being used, consideration will need to be given to how and where dirty
laundry will be collected and kept for storage as well as how and where clean laundry will be sorted and
stored.

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Kitchen

Legislated requirements

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 6: ‘Nutritious food’

Proprietors must ensure that residents are provided with food that is adequate in quality, quantity,
variety and nutritional value to meet their daily requirements.

SRS Act s. 59, r. 29, standard 7: ‘Safe food’

Proprietors must ensure that food facilities and storage and preparation practices comply with
relevant laws.

Departmental expectations
The size, design and fit-out of the kitchen will vary depending upon the type of food service employed
(for example conventional or cook-chill) and the number of meals being prepared. However all kitchens
must include at least a stove, refrigerator and sink as well as adequate lighting and mechanical
ventilation.
Adequate and appropriate storage must be provided for:
• fresh, frozen and dry foodstuffs
• portable food processing and cooking equipment
• pots, pans and cooking utensils
• cutlery and crockery
• detergents and other deleterious materials.
The kitchen should be provided with direct external access to facilitate ease of delivery and enable waste
removal without transmission through communal areas.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to the location of the kitchen with respect to minimising meal transport
distances as well as noise transmission to quiet areas such as resident bedrooms.

Utility rooms
Utility rooms allow for the storing of cleaning materials, other non-food consumables and small
equipment in one area. They may also be used by staff for a variety of purposes such as equipment
maintenance, storage, irregularly used items or flower arranging.

Departmental expectations
Utility rooms must have adequate lighting and ventilation as well as a lockable door.
The room should be at least six square metres in size and consideration should be given to providing a
utility room on each level of a multi-storey facility.
Fittings and joinery should include:
• cupboards and shelving for brooms, mops, buckets and other cleaning equipment
• secure storage for cleaning chemicals and other deleterious substances
• a work bench
• a sink and slop hopper for emptying buckets.

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Additional considerations
Although utility rooms are a more ‘institutional’ feature, careful consideration of their design and location
within the facility will help maintain a ‘homelike’ environment. The location of the room is particularly
important in this outcome and the interior should not be visible from main public areas such as the front
entry.
Mechanical ventilation may be required if the utility room does not have an external window that opens.

Storage

Departmental expectations
Adequate storage needs to be provided to cater for all the equipment and materials used in the facility. In
the main this will be addressed in particular functional areas such as kitchens, laundries and offices.
Residents’ personal belongings should be stored in their own bedrooms though consideration should be
given to providing additional storage for rarely used, large items such as suitcases. A safe should also be
provided for valuable items.
Consideration may also need to be given for the need of additional storage facilities. Linen presses,
medication cupboards and equipment stores are common features of most SRS facilities.
Wheelchairs and other mobility aids often create considerable storage problems and careful
consideration needs to be given to their accommodation in facilities where they are required. Commonly
adopted approaches include strategically located recessed storage bays in passageways and one or
more dedicated storage rooms or cupboards.

Staff areas
All employers, including SRS operators, are expected to provide sufficient facilities for staff to store
personal belongings and attend to personal hygiene.
SRS operators also need to provide appropriate overnight accommodation if stand-up staff are not being
employed at night.

Staff toilets

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause VIC F2.3: ‘Sanitary facilities for staff’

Class 3 and 9c buildings must contain:
• one closet pan for each 15, or part of 15, female staff on duty at any time
• one closet pan for each 20, or part of 20, male staff on duty at any time
• one urinal for each 25, or part of 25, male staff on duty at any time.

Departmental expectations
Male and female staff should have separate, clearly identified, toilets and each staff toilet should include
an appropriate hand basin.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to providing staff toilets on each level of a multi-storey facility.

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Staffroom

Departmental expectations
A small staffroom with a kitchenette and lockable storage for personal belongings is recommended. Staff
must be able to hear and respond to the electronic communication system when in the staffroom.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to the location of the staffroom in relation to facility entrances and
residential areas.

Staff accommodation

Legislated requirements

BCA reference clause VIC F3.102: ‘Minimum room sizes’

The minimum room size for overnight staff accommodation is 7.5 square metres.

Departmental expectations
If sleep-over staff are employed at the SRS, those staff must be provided with an appropriately furnished
bedroom that is located conveniently to resident bedrooms. Staff must be able to hear and respond to
the electronic communication system when in the staff bedroom.

Additional considerations
Consideration should be given to providing an ensuite to the staff bedroom and an adjacent sitting room
where staff can engage in personal activities without disturbing residents.

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Appendix 1: Examples of materials and finishes

Materials and finishes generally used in a SRS facility include the following:

Floor
Material Reinforced concrete or timber substructure.

Finishes Quality is important taking into consideration incontinent residents, spillage’s (for
example the ability to be cleaned easily) and fire/smoke retardation. Low-maintenance
sheet vinyl for dining, kitchens, utility rooms and storage areas.
Non-slip sheet vinyl for all wet areas (ensuites, bathrooms) externally, broom finish
concrete/non-slip tiles (carborundum finish). If brick paving is used, flush jointing details
are important.
Easy to clean carpet for bedrooms and living areas.

External walls

Material Masonry and/or reinforced concrete (due to surrounding environs, it may be necessary
to use weatherboard. In such instances, fibrous cement products are recommended).
Finishes Paint finish/concrete render.

Roof

Structure Timber trusses.

Finishes Metal or tiles (depending on existing buildings and surrounding environment).

Internal walls

Materials Plasterboard/compressed sheet/fibre board as appropriate on timber or metal studs.

Acoustic wall treatment, where required.

Finishes Paint generally (washable acrylic for walls, for ease of maintenance; flat acrylic for
ceilings; enamel for wet areas where full height wall vinyl is not employed). Wall vinyl full
height for wet areas, and part height in high traffic areas. Semi-gloss enamel for all
doors, skirtings and architraves.

Ceilings Painted plasterboard (flat acrylic, except for wet areas, where enamel should be used).

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Appendix 2: Example of a general maintenance

checklist

This checklist is a guide only and each facility should develop their own general maintenance checklist to
suit their particular circumstances and environment.
Note: this maintenance checklist is not to be used for the inspection and accreditation of information to
be provided as part of compliance with the statutory requirement BCA essential services maintenance.

Item Inspection activity (check for) Frequency

(every)
A.

1. Paving and driveways Cracking, movement in brick paving, slippery paths, 12 months
carpark line marking.

2. Landscaping Branches overhanging paths or activity areas, 6 months

dangerous plants (for example berries and thorns).

3. Plumbing and stormwater Taps, sewer and stormwater connections and pits, water 6 months
meters.

Septic tanks. 3 months

4. Power/telephone Overhead and underground connection points. 6 months

B.

1. Timber/painting Rotting timber, deteriorating paint works. 12 months

2. Roof Corroding roof, flashings and roof leaks. 12 months

Blocked gutters or downpipes. 6 months

3. Walls Cracking, rising damp. 6 months

4. Floors Lack of sub-floor ventilation (timber floors), water 12 months

ponding, large trees, roots.

5. Windows/glazing Broken glass, windows not working. 6 months

C.

1. Floors Movement (springing) in timber floors. 12 months

2. Floor coverings General wear, specific faults. 12 months

3. Walls Cracking, moisture, holes. 12 months

4. Wall coverings/painting Including wall vinyl, tiles and painting. 12 months

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5. Doors Holes, paint cracking and other damage. 12 months

Door hardware including locks. 6 months

Cracked glazing. 6 months

6. Windows/internal glazing Window hardware, sticking windows. 12 months

Cracked internal glazing. 6 months

7. Ceilings Cracks, holes, paint. 12 months

8. Joinery Damaged, handles, locks. 12 months

Check rails securely fixed. 6 months

D.

1. Plumbing (taps, toilets and sinks) Leaks, broken or sticking hardware, cracks. 6 months

2. Electrical (light fittings, GPOs, Faults, damaged. 6 months

switches, exhaust fans)

3. Special equipment (for example Working mechanisms, manufacturer’s 3 months

head lifters and pan sanitisers) recommendations.

4. Heaters, air conditioners Operating, manufacturer’s recommendation. 6 months

5. Hot water units, boiling Operating, manufacturer’s recommendation. 3 months

water units

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Appendix 3: Glossary of terms

AIP Approval in principle

AS Australian Standard

BCA Building Code of Australia 2005 and subsequent amendments

Building Act Building Act 1993

Building Regs Building Interim Regulations 2005

DD Act Disability Discrimination Act 1992

the department Department of Health

SRS Act Supported Residential Services (Private Proprietors) Act 2010

OCEI Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector

OHS Occupational health and safety

Registered Building practitioner in the class of building surveyor, either a

building surveyor municipal building surveyor or a private building surveyor
SRS Supported residential service

SRS Regs Supported Residential Services (Private Proprietors) Regulations 2012

VWA Victorian WorkCover Authority

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