PHILMONT 2020

Guidebook To Adventure

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 MISSION OF THE BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA
The mission of the Boy Scouts of America is to prepare young
people to make ethical choices over their lifetimes by instilling
in them the values of the Scout Oath and Law.

A PICTURE OF THE FUTURE FOR SCOUTING’S SECOND

CENTURY
In Scouting’s second century, we are building the leaders of
tomorrow. Scouting’s dynamic and engaging journey beckons
to America’s young people. Our exciting programs and
outdoor adventures inspire lives of leadership, character, and
service. Relevant and adaptive, we are a trusted advocate
for youth. Our adult volunteers and employees are widely
admired for their leadership excellence. The Boy Scouts of
America is strong and financially secure. True to our mission,
Scouting reflects our nation in its ethnic diversity and shapes
our nation by developing responsible citizens.

VISION STATEMENT – PHILMONT SCOUT RANCH

It is the vision of Philmont Scout Ranch to continue to
positively impact the lives of young people and their Scouting
leaders through inspiring and effective delivery of the finest
Scouting possible through backcountry adventures and
Training Center experiences.
It is our further vision that these experiences will be expanded
to help meet increasing demands. All future growth must be
accomplished with minimal ecological impact on resources
to insure the preservation of this great asset to serve future
generations of Scouts.

PHILMONT SCOUT RANCH AND TRAINING CENTER

Delivering Wilderness and Learning Adventures That Last
A Lifetime

PHILMONTSCOUTRANCH.ORG

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
PHILMONT MAGIC................................................................... 4
AWARDS................................................................................... 6
PREPARING AND TRAINING.................................................... 8
PRACTICE THE PATROL METHOD......................................... 10
HIKING AND CAMPING SKILLS.............................................. 11
TIPS ON EQUIPMENT AND CLOTHING................................ 13
YOUR PERSONAL EQUIPMENT.............................................. 20
EQUIPMENT PROVIDED BY CREW........................................ 24
EQUIPMENT ISSUED BY PHILMONT...................................... 25
THE ESSENTIALS FOR HIKING............................................... 26
ARRIVING AT PHILMONT....................................................... 26
DAY ONE AT PHILMONT........................................................ 27
DAY TWO AT PHILMONT....................................................... 29
DAY THREE AT PHILMONT..................................................... 30
CAMPING AT PHILMONT....................................................... 31
BEARMUDA TRIANGLE........................................................... 33
PRESERVING THE PHILMONT WILDERNESS......................... 34
WILDERNESS PLEDGE............................................................ 34
REPORT ARTIFACTS............................................................... 35
SAFE AND HEALTHY CAMPING AND HIKING...................... 36
MEDICAL TREATMENT........................................................... 45
PROGRAM FEATURES............................................................. 47
CAMPS AND PROGRAM FEATURES...................................... 55
PHILMONT MUSEUMS............................................................ 58
MORE PHILMONT SUPER ACTIVITIES................................... 59
RELIGIOUS SERVICES............................................................. 61
FINAL PROCESSING AT CHQ................................................. 62
FALL AND WINTER PROGRAMS............................................ 64
STAFF OPPORTUNITIES.......................................................... 64
PHILMONT TRAINING CENTER............................................. 65
MEANINGS AND PRONUNCIATIONS.................................... 65
INDEX...................................................................................... 66

Copyright © 2020
Philmont Scout Ranch, BSA
Cimarron, New Mexico
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 PHILMONT MAGIC
There is a magic spell at Philmont. Long ago, the Native Americans felt it.
Later, Kit Carson, Lucien Maxwell, and other mountain men were captivated
by the land. A century later, the late Mr. Waite Phillips found himself under its
spell. His son, Elliott, and his cousins found it almost a necessity to return to
Philmont during their high school and college summer vacations.
LOCATION and TERRAIN
Philmont is a national High Adventure base, owned and operated by the
Boy Scouts of America. Philmont is large, comprising 140,711 acres or about
220 square miles of rugged mountain wilderness in the Sangre de Cristo
(Blood of Christ) range of the Rockies in northeastern New Mexico. Thirty-
six staffed camps and seventy plus trail camps are operated by the ranch
(four camps are in the national forest). Philmont has high mountains which
dominate rough terrain with an elevation ranging from 6,500 to 12,441 feet.
Philmont has established special use permits with several neighbors:
• US Forest Service – Valle Vidal Unit of the Carson National Forest
• Barker Wildlife Management Area, New Mexico Game and Fish
Department
• Colin Neblitt, State Wildlife Area
• Rich Cabins/Greenwood Tract and Heck/Dean Tract of the Vermejo
Ranch
• Chase Ranch
• CS Ranch
• Express UU Bar Ranch
Each neighbor has established specific use requirements. If your itinerary
will pass through these lands, you will receive specific information during
your orientation at Logistics. Each requires use of Leave No Trace techniques.
These additional lands add about 110,000 acres for a total use area of
250,000 acres or 390 square miles.
HISTORY
Philmont has a unique history of ancient Indians who chiseled writings
into canyon walls…Spanish conquistadors who explored the Southwest long
before the first colonists arrived on the Atlantic coast…the rugged breed of
mountain men like Kit Carson who blazed trails across this land…the great
land barons like Lucien Maxwell who built ranchos along the Santa Fe Trail,
and miners, loggers, homesteaders, and cowboys. All these people left their
mark on Philmont.
WILDLIFE
Philmont is abundant with wildlife—deer, elk, coyote, antelope, mountain
lion, buffalo, beaver, wild turkey, bear and others. Its hills and canyons teem
with birds and its streams abound with fish. Its cool mountains harbor a
wilderness of botany—trees, shrubs, flowers, and grasses.
BEAUTY
Philmont is rich in natural beauty, including the soaring Tooth of Time…
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sunrise from lofty Mount Waite Phillips…the blue water of Cimarroncito
Reservoir…the panoramic sweep of the plains from Urraca Mesa…and
sunlight filtering through aspen along the rippling Rayado.
PROGRAM
Philmont provides an unforgettable adventure in sky-high backpacking
country along hundreds of miles of rugged, rocky trails. Program features
combine the best of the old West—horseback riding, burro packing, gold
panning, chuck wagon dinners, and living history, with exciting challenges
for today—rock climbing, burro packing, mountain biking and .30-06 rifle
shooting—in an unbeatable recipe for fast-moving fun in the outdoors.
FELLOWSHIP
Philmont means camping with your own unit as well as meeting and
sharing experiences with other crews from all over America and from other
countries. This is an opportunity for fellowship and understanding unequaled
anywhere in America.
STAFF
Philmont has the finest staff in America. Each man and woman on the large
seasonal staff is carefully selected and trained. Scouting spirit, knowledge
of camping skills, keen interest in their respective program specialties,
and a love for Philmont make the staff dedicated to seeing that you have a
rewarding and memorable experience.
When you come to Philmont, take advantage of these opportunities. It is one
of the best investments you will make—the returns are great!
WHO MAY PARTICIPATE?
In keeping with the policies of the Boy Scouts of America, rules for
participation are the same for everyone without regard to race, color,
national origin, religion, age, sex, gender, sexual orientation, marital or
familial status, genetic information, citizenship status, protected activity, or
any other status or classification protected by applicable federal, state, and/
or local laws
Participants must be registered members of the BSA who will be 14 years
of age OR completed 8th grade and be at least 13 years of age prior to
participation. Please do NOT request or expect any exceptions to this rule.
Some special programs allow for individual person registration and
participation. A crew must have a majority of its members under age 21.
Each participant must be capable of participating in the backpacking or
horseback riding trek. Please note that specific programs may have additional
requirements for participation including but not limited to a 200 lb. weight
limit for Cavalcades and horse rides and previous training for ATV programs.
Each participant must meet the health requirements as outlined in the
Annual Health and Medical Record.
Harassment
Philmont and the Boy Scouts of America prohibit language or behavior that
belittles or puts down members of the opposite sex, unwelcome advances,
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racial slurs, chastisement for religious or other beliefs or any other actions or
comments that are derogatory of people. We need to lift people up for the
good things they do and refrain from putting them down for mistakes or poor
judgment.
PHOTO (TALENT) RELEASE INFORMATION
All Philmont Scout Ranch participants are informed that photographs, film,
video tapes, electronic representations and/or sound recordings may be
made during their visit to Philmont Scout Ranch. These images may be used
for training and promotion purposes for Philmont Scout Ranch and other
projects approved by the Boy Scouts of America.
Each participant, by completing the Annual Health and Medical Record
“Part A: Informed Consent, Release Agreement, and Authorization”, will fulfill
the necessary Photo (Talent) Release requirements for Philmont Scout Ranch.
(For complete statement please refer to Part A of the Annual Health and
Medical Record.)

AWARDS
Philmont Awards can only be earned! They are NOT available to the public.
Two unique awards are presented to participants who successfully meet the
challenge of a Philmont Expedition.
THE ARROWHEAD AWARD
An individual camper award presented by your Adult Advisor when you
have:
1. Attended the opening campfire – “The Philmont Story”
2. Complete a Philmont-approved itinerary (some exceptions for medical
reasons) with your crew.
3. Complete at least 3 hours of staff supervised conservation work or a
camp improvement project on Philmont and taken advantage of every
opportunity to learn about and improve our ecology and practiced the
art of outdoor living that minimizes pollution of soil, water, and air.
4. Fulfill the personal commitment to the Wilderness Pledge .
5. LIVE THE SCOUT OATH AND LAW
THE “We All Made It” PLAQUE
An award presented by Philmont to each crew that:
1. Demonstrated good camping practices and Scouting spirit
2. Followed an approved itinerary and camped only where scheduled
3. Fulfilled the commitment to the Wilderness Pledge
ADDITIONAL AWARDS THAT MAY BE EARNED DURING YOUR TREK
DUTY TO GOD
Under the guidance of a crew Chaplain’s Aide, each participant may fulfill
the requirements for the Philmont “Duty To God” award. The requirements
include:
1. Attend a religious service while at Philmont
2. Participate in at least three daily devotionals with the crew
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 3. Lead Grace before a meal
Participants must obtain the Chaplain’s Aide signature to certify completion
of the requirements. Scouts and Leaders may then purchase a “Duty To
God” patch from the Tooth of Time Traders. Proceeds support the Chaplain
Program at Philmont.
WILDERNESS PLEDGE AWARD
Under the guidance of your crew’s Wilderness Pledge Guia (Guide), each
participant can qualify for the Wilderness Pledge Award. The requirements
are:
1. Participate in Wilderness Pledge training provided by your Ranger
2. Adhere to the five principles of the Wilderness Pledge throughout your
trek, paying careful attention to camping practices
3. Participate in a discussion about each of the seven principles of Leave
No Trace (discussion led by the Crew Wilderness Pledge Guia)
4. Find examples of each of the seven Leave No Trace principles during the
trek. Each participant may purchase a Wilderness Pledge Patch from the
Tooth of Time Traders. Proceeds support the Sustainability Program at
Philmont.
TRAIL OF COURAGE
Under the Guidance of the Ranger and Crew Leader, each participant may
fulfill the requirements of the Trail of Courage – Right Decisions/Right Now
Program. The Trail of Courage Pledge states:
1. I Pledge to become personally fit
2. I Pledge to eat a nutritious diet
3. I Pledge to exercise
4. I Pledge to be tobacco free and not smoke or use smokeless products
5. I Pledge to live free of drug and alcohol habits
6. I Pledge to learn the seven cancer danger signs
7. I Pledge to live the Scout Oath and Law.
At the end of the trek, the Crew Leader can turn in the pledge card to CHQ
Registration Safekeeping desk. You will receive a free Right Decisions/Right
Now patch and pledge card for each person who signed the pledge.
LA DOCENA ADVENTURADO AWARD
The “La Docena Adventurado” Award is presented to each crew that
participates with the maximum number of participants: Backpacking
Expeditions = 12 participants. Cavalcade Expeditions = 15 participants. A
ribbon is presented to the Advisor during the arrival registration process.
TRIPLE CROWN AND GRAND SLAM
The Triple Crown Award is available to individuals who have participated
in a camping program at Philmont Scout Ranch, Northern Tier, and Florida
Sea Base. Logistics will provide documentation to each crew to certify
participation in a Philmont Camping Program and to track participation at
other bases. Awards can be ordered from the Sommers Alumni Association at
www.nationalhighadventureawards.com.
The Grand Slam is a new award that can be earned by participating in all four
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High Adventure opportunities offered by the Boy Scouts of America: Philmont
Scout Ranch, Northern Tier, Florida Sea Base, and The Summit.
50-MILER AWARD
The 50-Miler Award, given by the National Council, BSA, may be earned by
members of unit or council contingent groups. Requirements for this award
include: hiking at least 50 miles and performing a 10-hour conservation
project (3 hours or more will be earned at Philmont and the remaining hours
in your council). All 12-Day Philmont itineraries meet the 50-Miler distance
requirement. The award is secured through your local council service center.

PREPARING AND TRAINING

A Philmont Expedition begins at home. Months before arriving at Philmont,
you should begin planning and training. Several details must be completed
when your Advisor receives the “Advisor’s Packet”.
Annual Health and Medical Record/Physical Evaluation
You must have a current Annual Health and Medical Record completed
before departing for Philmont. Physical evaluations by a physician are valid
through the end of the 12th month from the date it was administered by
your medical provider. You are required to have had a tetanus shot or booster
within 10 years. A current measles vaccination is highly recommended.
Advisors should collect the Annual Health and Medical Record form well
in advance of departing on your Philmont trip to ensure that participants
meet all Philmont requirements. Participants MUST NOT exceed the
maximum acceptance on the height/weight chart at the time of their arrival
at Philmont. A fee will be charged for medical exams and vaccinations for
participants who arrive at Philmont without having the required examination.
Participants who do not wish to have vaccinations or specific medical
treatment due to personal or religious reasons should fill out the vaccination
exemption form and attach it to the Annual Health and Medical Record.
Due to Philmont’s remote location it is imperative that participants have
any emergency medication they may need and know how to administer it,
this includes rescue inhalers and EpiPens. Emergency medications will be
checked during the medical recheck process to ensure that the medications
are in date and there is sufficient quantity for your trip. All medications must
be in original containers.
A copy of the Annual Health and Medical Record, High Adventure Risk
Advisory to Health-Care Providers and Parents, Vaccination Exemption form,
and Frequently Asked Questions can be found at http://www.scouting.org/
HealthandSafety/ahmr.aspx.
Height/Weight Restrictions: If you exceed the maximum weight for height
as explained in the following chart and your planned high-adventure activity
will take you more than 30 minutes away from an emergency vehicle/
accessible roadway, you may not be allowed to participate. Review Annual
Health and Medical Record for additional information regarding the height/
weight restrictions.
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Height/Weight Chart
Height (inches) Max Weight Height (inches) Max Weight
60 166 70 226
61 172 71 233
62 178 72 239
63 183 73 246
64 189 74 252
65 195 75 260
66 201 76 267
67 207 77 274
68 214 78 281
69 220 79 & over 295
Physical Training
All Philmont activities are physically demanding. Steep, rocky trails with
1,000-foot climbs are typical. Also, there is 20 to 35 percent less oxygen at
Philmont elevations than at sea level. Remember, you will be carrying a pack
weighing up to 1/3 of your body weight. Breathing will be labored, especially
at the start of your trek.
A program of regular aerobic exercise that begins six months or more
before you come to Philmont is highly recommended. Exercise for at least
30 minutes 3 to 4 times a week at an intensity that boosts your heart rate
about 75% of your maximum. An average maximum heart rate is 220 minus
your age. If you are older than 40, or have not been very active, consult your
doctor before beginning an exercise program.
Jogging, hiking uphill or up long flights of stairs, and hiking with a full
pack are excellent preparation. Other aerobic exercises such as swimming,
bicycling, and aerobic exercise classes can be used to supplement your
training. Start slowly and gradually increase the duration of your exercise.
Exercise individually or with other members of your crew. Set aside regular
periods of time to do it. Plan to be in top physical shape when you arrive
at Philmont. You will enjoy your experience more and be less likely to have
medical problems. This is a great opportunity to break in boots and other
gear that you will be using on your Philmont trek.
Philmont suggests that you maintain a fitness log of all physical activities.
This will help you stay focused and provide a way to monitor your progress.
By comparing information from your log with other members of the crew, you
will be able to encourage each other to physically prepare for the adventure.

Your Philmont Itinerary

The important step in preparing for Philmont is for your crew to select
your itinerary. An itinerary is a hiking plan that describes camps and program
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features for each day on the trail. Crews will select and confirm their itinerary
online. Instruction for this process will be through the Camping Gateway.
Online selection and confirmation will begin in January. Itineraries will post
to www.PhilmontScoutRanch.org in December in a document labeled Treks
Itinerary Guide.
Know Your Expedition Number
Your Expedition Number is assigned by Philmont. It is determined by
your expected arrival date. For example, if your crew is to arrive July 14,
your Expedition Number will begin with 714, which signifies 7th month and
14th day. Since many crews arrive each day, letters distinguish different
crews (for example, 714-A or B, C, etc.) If your reservation consists of
several crews, numbers are used to designate each one. Thus, your crew’s
complete Expedition Number may be 714-A-02. If you don’t know your crew’s
Expedition Number, ask your Advisor.
MY EXPEDITION NUMBER:

Mail and Philmont Address

Your complete Expedition Number is essential for mail delivery at Philmont.
Incoming mail may be picked up only by your Expedition Advisor or Crew
Leader at the Philmont Mail Room when your crew arrives at Philmont and
when you return to Camping Headquarters from the trail. You may send mail
from any staffed camp.
Philmont address:
Your Name, Expedition Number
47 Caballo Rd
Cimarron, NM 87714
Emergency Telephone Number at Philmont: (575) 376-2281
Telephone calls to you are restricted to EXTREME EMERGENCIES ONLY.
Since Philmont comprises a use area of 390 square miles of rugged mountain
wilderness, it may require several hours to transport you from some camps
to return an emergency phone call. In those cases, it will speed contact when
the caller has your full name and Expedition Number.

PRACTICE THE PATROL METHOD WITH YOUR CREW

Your Philmont trek will provide you an opportunity to practice the many
skills that you have learned while participating in your Boy Scout Troop,
Venture Crew, Varsity Team or Explorer Post. This experience brings in
focus the importance of the Patrol Method. Each crew is a small group of
participants much like a patrol. The crew members are close in age and
experience level and working together helps each other develop a sense of
pride and identity. The participants elect their Crew Leader, divide up the
jobs to be done, and share in the satisfaction of accepting and fulfilling group
responsibilities.
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 Three members of the crew will have a leadership responsibility that lasts
throughout the trek: Crew Leader, Chaplain Aide and Wilderness Pledge
Guia. In addition, all members of the crew will serve in some leadership
role each day, either as the primary or the assistant. Examples of rotated
leadership responsibilities for the crew include: navigator, cook, dishwasher,
bear bags manager, water gatherer, and fire watchman (when fires are
permitted).
The camping methods practiced at Philmont Scout Ranch support the
Patrol Method concept. Two examples of this include cooking and washing
dishes as one group. Members of the crew will rotate through the trek and
fulfill these important responsibilities. This allows crew members to practice
servant leadership as they take on a task that will support the entire crew.
Some of the current wilderness camping methods focus on the individual.
In support of the Boy Scouts of America, Philmont will focus on the crew and
the accomplishments that they can achieve by working together as a team,
the Patrol Method.
The Ranger assigned to the crew will help the entire crew achieve the most
from their Philmont Adventure!

HIKING AND CAMPING SKILLS

Time and effort spent in sharpening your hiking and camping skills will
allow you more time to enjoy the natural beauties and program features of
Philmont. The best way to practice and develop these skills is to participate in
several outings with your crew. Use the Backpacking Merit Badge pamphlet
or the BSA Field Book to guide your preparation and training. Philmont
suggests two shakedown weekends. Step by step guides for shakedown
weekends are available at www.PhilmontScoutRanch.org/shakedown.
Gathering Your Equipment
Backpacking requires proper equipment just as any outdoor sport. Without
suitable equipment you will face unnecessary hardships. Take only what you
need. After several overnight camps you should be able to conduct your own
shakedown to eliminate items that you don’t need. Remember, the key to
successful backpacking is to go lightly. Check your equipment against the
recommended list. This is the maximum. All backpackers can reduce this
list and still be comfortable, clean and safe. All equipment must be able to
hold up to the rigors of a 12-day backpacking adventure. Learn techniques
for taking care of your equipment. For more information about gear check
out www.PhilmontScoutRanch.org and www.ToothofTimeTraders.com. Be
sure to check out the video links on both sites for helpful information about
equipment.
Organizing Your Crew
A well-organized crew gets its chores accomplished quickly and has more
time to enjoy Philmont. Your crew should be organized before you arrive at
Philmont. If your crew is a chartered unit, this should be easy. If your crew is
a provisional council group, it is especially important to be organized.
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 Each crew should elect a Crew Leader several months prior to coming to
Philmont. Your Crew Leader is responsible for organizing the crew, assigning
duties, making decisions and recognizing the capabilities and limitations
of each member. He or she leads by example and discusses ideas and
alternatives with the entire crew to arrive at a consensus before taking
action. This responsibility requires someone with leadership ability who is
respected by everyone.
Each crew should also select a Chaplain Aide, perhaps a member of the
crew who has received a religious award in Scouting. The Chaplain Aide is
responsible for assisting the crew in meeting their responsibility to the 12th
point of the Scout Law, as well as working with the Crew Leader and Advisor
to ensure good morale and the smooth operation of the crew.
Each crew will select a Wilderness Pledge Guia (Guide). This individual
will help the crew understand the principles of the Philmont Wilderness
Pledge and Leave No Trace. This person will help the crew focus on camping
practices that will adhere to the wilderness ethics outlined in the two
approaches. With more than 22,000 participants camping each summer at
Philmont, it is important that each person do their share to ensure that we
protect Philmont and our neighbor’s properties for generations to come.
A Ranger will be assigned to serve as a teacher and resource for your crew.
This person will coach the Crew Leader and the rest of the crew. The Ranger
will work with your crew for the first three days at the Ranch. Your Ranger
may be either male or female.
Your Adult Advisor counsels and advises your Crew Leader and crew. The
Adult Advisor assists if discipline is required. With the assistance of your
Ranger, your Adult Advisor is responsible for ensuring the safety and well-
being of each crew member. The Adult Advisor lets the Crew Leader lead the
crew.
The entire crew and especially the Crew Leader and Adult Advisor need to
effectively relate to everyone in the crew. Crew congeniality is important to
crew harmony. Make it a point to say something positive to each member of
your crew at least once a day. Tell each person what he or she did well.
Good communication is crucial to your crew’s success. Make sure that
everyone participates in determining the objectives for the crew each day.
After the evening meal is an ideal time to accomplish this.
Remember, when you are hot and tired, hungry and irritable, so is your
crew. Everyone is expected to control personal behavior, especially when
the going is tough. The Crew Leader needs to continually monitor the crew’s
dynamics.
A daily duty roster will help to organize your crew. Each crew member is
assigned a responsibility for each day. Jobs should be rotated so that at least
one experienced and one new crew member work together. Every job should
be clearly defined. Your crew should have a list of all tasks for each job so that
everyone knows what is expected. A form is provided to your Crew Leader
upon arrival at Philmont.
Before departing for Philmont, your crew should select one member to
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serve as its reporter. The reporter should work with their local new media,
council, troop, and crew members to share stories and photos on social
media and through news outlets. Plan a presentation for your unit back
home to share at the next meeting. These methods will also help encourage
younger Scouts to continue their advancements for prepare for their own
Philmont adventure someday. Helpful examples and a press release template
may be found at www.PhilmontScoutRanch.org/PressRelease.
Backpacking – Setting the Pace
If you pack properly, backpacking will be much easier. Practice hikes will
help. Your pace is the key to good backpacking. It should be slow enough to
allow everyone to keep together without bunching up. Single file is the rule. A
steady, constant pace is best. When climbing steep grades, your pace should
be slower, but still constant. Always keep your crew together. A medical
emergency is the only reason to separate your crew.
Rest stops should be short and frequent. Any member of the crew can call
for a rest stop at any time. Sixty second rests will let you catch your breath.
Learn to rest without removing your pack; if you bend over and loosen your
hip strap, you can remove the weight from your shoulders. Deep breathing
works best for high altitude backpacking on Philmont.
Conserving Energy
Use as many energy-saving techniques as possible; nibble snacks and drink
plenty of liquids to sustain you throughout the day. On steep ascents, use
the “rest step”. Place the sole and heel of one foot flat on the ground. Lean
forward and momentarily lock your knee. For an instant the bones of your leg
and hips will support your weight, allowing the muscles of your thigh and calf
to rest. Repeat this sequence with your other foot. Your pace will be slow, but
you will save energy and make steady progress up the mountainside.
Use “rhythmic breathing” in conjunction with the rest step. To breathe
rhythmically, synchronize your breaths with your steps. On moderate slopes,
take one breath per step; on steep slopes, take two or three breaths per step
to take in more oxygen.

TIPS ON EQUIPMENT AND CLOTHING

Tents
Due to the terrain, wildlife, and sudden change in weather conditions, tents
are a required shelter for a Philmont trek and therefore all crew members
are required to sleep in a tent. Bivy sacks and hammocks are not acceptable.
Every member of your crew should be able to set up, take down, and fold the
tent. Philmont uses two-person, free standing backpacking tents (foot print
- 4’6” x 7’4”) called “The Thunder Ridge”. These tents have been designed in
cooperation with MSR. The tent requires 6-8 stakes, weighs 5 lb. 4 oz., and is
available for your use at no charge.
Space for tents in most campsites is limited. Use of two-person tents
minimizes the footprint and avoids ¬-encroaching on the “Bearmuda”
Triangle. Two one-person tents take up nearly twice as much space as one
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2-person tent. A 5’ x 7’ waterproof ground cloth must be used under each
tent. These are not provided with the Philmont tents.
Philmont introduced a program in 2015 to wash each tent as necessary.
Crews are asked to help with this process as they return the equipment they
have checked out. If you choose to provide your own tent it must be a two-
person tent and free of all food smells. If you think your tent may have been
compromised by food smells, please use a Philmont tent.
Philmont will allow a single person or two person tent in the event of an
odd numbered crew, gender numbers and for youth protection compliance.
Keep in mind, due to recent changes in the Youth Protection Policy, parents
cannot tent with their children. Please make tenting assignments accordingly.
Packs
A sturdy, well-fitted pack is essential for backpacking at Philmont. A pack
with a 65-85 liter carrying capacity will fit personal gear, crew gear, food, and
water. There are many choices of packs and having a pack fitted to your body
with appropriate sizing of shoulder straps and hip belt is essential.
Whether you choose an external or internal frame, there is a method for
packing that is basic to all. Nearly all backpackers stow their sleeping bag in
the bottom of the pack. This is also a good place for other items you won’t
need until you make camp at night: sleepwear, camp pillow, sleeping pad.
Internal frame packs should have heaviest items placed on top of the sleeping
bag and centered in your pack. For external frames, the heaviest items should
be placed at the top and against the frame of the pack near your shoulders.
All items in your pack should be neatly organized and packed in waterproof
bags or stuff sacks. Your map, compass, sunscreen, rain gear, camera, and first
aid kit should be readily accessible. A waterproof rain cover is recommended
to keep your pack dry at night and while hiking in the rain.
Check your pack weight. 20-25 pounds without food and water is preferred.
Comfortable pack weights vary considerably with physical condition, age, and
experience. Your training hikes will help you find out what is best for you. As
a regular rule of thumb, a fully loaded pack should not exceed 25-30% of
your body weight.
With your pack fully loaded, practice putting it on your back by first
balancing it on one knee with the pack straps facing you, slip your nearest
arm through the appropriate strap and smoothly swing the pack behind you,
reaching down and back to slip your free arm through the second strap and
jiggle your pack into a comfortable position.
If you are unsure of your pack’s fit or question the durability for Philmont’s
trails, you can rent either an internal or external pack at Philmont for a fee
of $30 for the duration of the trek. This fee includes the pack cover. Our
knowledgeable staff will fit you in the appropriate pack at Philmont and
pre-reservations are not necessary. Please call the Tooth of Time Traders for
information on pack sizing and review the chart included for information on
types and sizes of packs available for rental.

14
 BRAND MODEL VOLUME SIZE
55 L
JanSport Klamath 68 L
75 L
75 L
Coyote 80 L
80 L M/L
Kelty Outfitter 80 L
Trekker 64 L S/M
86 L
Tioga
94 L
La Plata 70 L S/M, L/XL
Kiva 70 + 5 L
70 L S/M, L/XL
Osprey
75 + 10 L S/M, L/XL
Escalante
85 + 5 L S/M, L/XL
90 + 10 L S/M, L/XL
Map & Compass
Most trails on Philmont are marked at intersections, but they are not so
well marked that you can put your map and compass away and forget them.
Philmont trail signs often point to geographic features such as mountains,
canyons, and streams. At the least, two (2) people share a map and compass.
It’s best if each camper has their own.
Learn and practice your map and compass skills. You will be able to know
where you are at all times and where you are headed. Look at a map. Do you
know what the symbols mean? What do the colors—black, brown, blue,
green, white, and red—stand for?
Brown contour lines are particularly significant. The contour lines on
Philmont’s sectional maps represent a 50-foot climb, the more lines you cross
on an upward route, the tougher the climb. Steep descents are tough, too.
You must be able to orient a map, understand symbols and scale (1: 31,680
for Philmont sectional maps). The BSA “Fieldbook” and the “Orienteering
Merit Badge Pamphlet” are excellent resources.
Philmont has introduced trail signs that indicate the UTM coordinates of the
specific location. You will be trained by your Ranger in understanding how to
find a UTM coordinate on the map.
Personal GPS and Emergency Locator Devices
If a member of your crew brings a personal GPS or Emergency Locator
15
Device, they should know how to use and program them, and be very familiar
with them prior to coming to Philmont. Philmont’s sectional maps, available
in advance from the Tooth of Time Traders, may be used to determine
the UTM coordinates and elevations for camps and other locations; these
locations should be loaded into the device(s) prior to coming to Philmont. To
be correctly synchronized with these maps, GPS devices should be set for:
• Projection: UTM Zone 13
• Horizontal Datum: NAD83
• Ellipsoid: GRS80
Emergency Locator Devices have many capabilities for sending messages.
These do not replace the procedures that crews are taught by their Ranger.
Please check that the emergency message is programmed correctly as are
any other messages the device will send. Every summer, erroneous messages
are sent requesting emergency assistance. These create stress at home, if
that is where the message is sent, and cause Philmont staff and local law
enforcement to react to them as is done with any other emergency.
Backpacking Stoves and Fuel
All crews must provide backpacking stoves and the use of stoves is required.
Backpacking stoves must be used with adult supervision and should never
be used in or near tents because of fire danger. Bottles designed to carry
fuel should be used. Isobutane/propane fuel stoves are also acceptable. The
Philmont Trading Post (Tooth of Time Traders) carries fuel bottles and several
brands of isobutane/propane canisters. Outfitting Services carries white gas.
Fuel is also available on the trail at commissary camps where you pick up
food. Check the O-rings on your fuel bottles to prevent leaks.
If using isobutane/propane fuel stoves, be sure that they are designed to
hold an 8-quart pot. The safest stoves on the market that accomplish this
requirement have a fuel line that separates the canister from the stove. This
reduces the reflected heat from impacting the canister and permits the user
the ability to adjust the temperature safely.
Smaller one or two-person stoves have become available and popular,
however they do not meet the requirements for crew cooking (Patrol
Method) at Philmont Scout Ranch. A small stove might be a good addition
for quick heating of water for coffee, tea or cocoa while on the trail. Biofuel
stoves are generally small, although, due to the desert southwest climate and
frequent fire restrictions, these are not permitted for use at Philmont.
If using commercial transportation, stoves and fuel bottles can be shipped
to Philmont and will be held at the Base Camp Mail Room for your arrival.
(Allow two weeks.) Find shipping information in the Treks Itinerary Guide.
A minimum of two stoves for your crew is required. Learn and follow these
safety tips:
1. Keep fuel containers away from hot stoves and fires. Never use fuel to
start a campfire.
2. Let hot stoves cool before changing cylinders or refilling.
3. Never fuel or operate a stove in a tent, building, or dining fly.
4. Place stove on a level, secure surface before operating.
16
 5. When lighting a stove, keep fuel bottles and extra canisters well away,
do not hover over stove, open fuel valve slowly, and light carefully. The
pressure differential is greater at Philmont’s high altitudes.
6. Refill stoves away from open flames. Recap all containers before
lighting stoves.
7. Do not overload the stove.
8. Do not leave a lighted stove unattended.
9. Perform stove maintenance regularly, at home and at Philmont.
10. Store fuel in proper containers.
Be Prepared for Extremes of Weather
Be prepared for extreme weather variations at Philmont. Afternoon
temperatures in low valleys can be hot (100 degrees or more), and night
temperatures high in the mountains may drop to freezing.
Philmont can be extremely dry and then a sudden downpour will soak
everything. Periods of rain lasting several days may occur. Fortunately, New
Mexico’s low humidity allows wet clothing and gear to dry quickly after the
rain stops. Rain occurs most frequently in the afternoon and may last an hour,
all night, or several days. Small hail or sleet often accompanies rain. Mountain
weather is fickle—anything can happen and often does. Snow is possible,
even during the summer. Weather conditions vary from one area of the ranch
to another depending upon elevation, terrain and irregular weather patterns.
You should be prepared for all of the above weather conditions. Please
consult with NOAA for current weather conditions and information on past
weather patterns.
Clothing
During cold periods, it is especially important to stay dry since wet clothing
loses much of its insulating value (90 percent or more). Several light layers
of clothing are better than one heavy layer since air trapped between
layers of clothing provides a high degree of insulation. As the atmosphere
warms you can remove one layer of clothing at a time for proper body heat
management. Keep in mind that wool and synthetics insulate when wet.
Down or cotton layers such as sweatshirts and sweatpants drain body heat
when wet, and dry very slowly.
While the official BSA uniform is highly recommended for use when
traveling to and from Philmont and wearing at base camp, you may choose
to wear other clothing on the trail. Long pants are recommended for cold
nights and are required for horseback riding, conservation projects, and pole
climbing at logging camps. Shorts and short-sleeved shirts will generally be
sufficient during the day; however, a sweater or fleece jacket is necessary for
cold mornings and evenings and possible downpours of rain or hail.
To be comfortable and dry during rain, a good quality rain suit is essential.
Inexpensive vinyl rain suits or ponchos will not hold up under extended use. A
poncho is not adequate. You need to have a durable rain jacket and pants.
Glass and Aerosol Containers
No glass containers or aerosol cans should be carried on the trail. Glass
17
breaks easily and aerosol cans are bulky and may erupt in packs.
Money
Campers spend an average of $100 at Philmont’s trading posts. Backcountry
trading posts are located at: Ponil, Cimarroncito, Apache Springs, Abreu,
Baldy Town and Phillips Junction. If major items such as jackets, leather belts,
and buckles are desired, more money will be needed.
$20 - $50 should cover most expenses on the trail. Money taken to the
backcountry should be in small bills. Trail Charges can be made for larger
purchases and emergency needs in the backcountry. These expenses may
include:
• Shooting Programs: Three (3) shots are free at Philmont’s .30-06,
shotgun, and muzzle loading programs, and twelve (12) shots at the
Cowboy Action Shooting program. Depending on availability, additional
rounds may be purchased.
• Healthy trail snacks, root beer, repair items and replacement
equipment, etc.
• Fuel for stoves (available at all trading posts)
Fishing Program & Fishing Licenses
Catch and release fishing programs are available at Fish Camp, Hunting
Lodge, Phillips Junction and Abreu as well as permitted in most of Philmont
waters. Fishing is NOT permitted in the South Ponil Creek. Fishing gear is
available for purchase at the Tooth of Time Traders. Loaner poles and flys are
also available at the camps listed above.
Fishing licenses for participants under 18 years of age may be purchased
as the Tooth of Time Traders OR at backcountry camps that offer fishing
programs. The cost of a ten-day license is $2.00.
All participants 18 years of age or older will be required to purchase a
fishing license from New Mexico Department of Game and Fish through a
mandatory web-based sales system that was launched in 2014. A special
online kiosk at the Tooth of Time Traders will be available to help participants
obtain their licenses. Fishing licenses for participants 18 years of age and
older will NOT be available for purchase in the backcountry.
Fees for nonresident fisherman will be as follows:
• One day = $12
• Five days = $24
• Annual = $56
If you are purchasing a one-day or five-day license, we recommend that you
do so after you arrive at Philmont so that we may help you align the actual
fishing days with your itinerary before purchasing a non-refundable license.
Annual fishing licenses may be purchased online at the New Mexico
Department of Game and Fish website: www.wildlife.state.nm.us. The New
Mexico Department of Game and Fish requires each applicant to create an
online profile with a username and password. The system will assign the
applicant a unique Customer Identification Number (CIN). You can speed up
the process to obtain your license at Philmont by obtaining this information
before your arrival.
18
Sleeping Bags
Your sleeping bag should be warm (suitable for temperatures down to 20
degrees), but less than 5 pounds. You can increase the R value (temperature
rating) of your bag by using an insulated pad under your bag or wearing long
underwear and a hat. When your sleeping bag is packed it should be no more
than 20 inches long and 10 inches in diameter, and it should weigh 5 pounds
or less. Use a waterproof stuff sack to store your sleeping bag or if you do not
have one, line the stuff sack with a heavy-duty (4 to 6 mil) plastic bag safely
secured. This will keep your sleeping bag dry even in wet weather.
Boots and Shoes
High quality hiking boots that are broken-in are required for the trails (and
horse and ATV programs) at Philmont. Your trek will cover uneven rocky
surfaces and steep trails. Hiking boots that fit properly and are broken in will
prevent injury. Visit your local outdoor store and the sales staff will be happy
to help you.
You will also need a pair of sturdy lightweight, closed toe shoes for use
around camp and occasionally when hiking without your pack. These will
also be used when rock climbing, biking, and potentially crossing streams.
Sandals are not recommended but can be used in campsites only. For more
tips on choosing boots and footwear visit www.ToothOfTimeTraders.com.
Socks
The socks you wear on the trails will have a significant effect on your
experience. Just like boots, choose your socks carefully. Socks for
backpacking are designed to provide cushioning and abrasion resistance
as well as warmth. You should choose socks made of synthetic materials or
wool.
There are 3 categories of socks:
• Liners - These are thin wicking socks that you wear next to your skin.
They keep your feet dry and comfortable and are meant to be worn
underneath other socks.
• Lightweight Hiking Socks - These socks stress wicking performance over
warmth. They are relatively thin so that you stay comfortable on warm
weather trips. They can be worn with or without sock liners.
• Midweight Hiking Socks - These socks are thicker and warmer than the
lightweight hiking socks. Many have extra padding built into the heel
and the ball of the foot for maximum comfort. They can be worn with
or without liners.
Socks can add volume to your footwear. When you are fitted for your
boots, make sure you wear the socks you have chosen to wear on your trek.
Stretching
Hiking at Philmont can be as strenuous as any sport. Proper stretching
before and after a hike can make your hike more enjoyable and prevent
injuries. This can be extremely helpful for the Advisors.

19
Crew Photographer
Although optional, a camera will record memorable experiences and
beautiful scenes. Some crews select a crew photographer who takes shots for
everyone. Digital photography can dramatically change your picture taking
and sharing ability.
Cold weather or prolonged use can deplete camera batteries. Be sure to bring
replacement batteries or a small lightweight solar charger.
Labels
Be sure to label all of your clothing and equipment with your name and
Expedition Number so you can readily identify what is yours and so any of
your belongings sent to Lost and Found can be returned.

YOUR PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

If you have any questions regarding any of these items on the Equipment
List, please contact Philmont’s Tooth of Time Traders at 575-376-1145 or
[email protected].
LOWER BODY LAYERS
You will need 1-2 synthetic insulating layers. All must fit comfortably over each other, so
they can be worn in combination.
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK
Base Layer 1 Long underwear bottom, mid- T
weight, synthetic or wool. Used for
cold mornings or evenings, & extra
warmth while sleeping.
Rain Pants 1 Lightweight & sturdy T, A, E
Long Pants 1 Pants needed for spar pole climbing, T
horseback riding, cold weather, ATV’s
& conservation project. Convertible
pants or long underwear with rain
pants may be used.
Underwear 3 T
Hiking Shorts 2 T

UPPER BODY LAYERS

It is imperative to layer your clothing, combining different garments to achieve
protection from the elements and optimum insulation. Synthetic or wool layers are
recommended as they insulate when wet. Avoid cotton as it does not insulate when wet.
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK
Base Layer 1 Long underwear top, mid-weight T
Middle Layer 1 Wool sweater or fleece pullover T
Top Layer 1 Lightest and warmest available. Wool T, E
(Warm Jacket) or fleece is best since they both
provide warmth if wet.

20
 Rain Jacket 1 Sturdy, waterproof jacket with hood. T, A, E
Layer over fleece for extra warmth.

Shirt - Short 2 Moisture wicking, avoid cotton. T

Sleeve
Shirt - Long 1 Moisture wicking. Avoid cotton T
Sleeve or nylon. Warmth layer for cold
mornings or evenings. Required for
ATV program.
Sports Bra 2 Synthetic or wool blend. T

HEAD/NECK/HANDS
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK

Wool or Fleece 1 Preserves body heat during cool T

Hat evenings and while sleeping.

Glove Liners or 1 pr Polypro or wool is best for warmth in T

Mittens cool, wet conditions. Work gloves for
conservation projects are provided
Baseball Cap or 1 Protect ears and face from sun T
Wide Brim Hat

PACKS AND BAGS

EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK
Backpack 1 Internal frame 75 L (4600 cubic in.) T
External frame 65 L (3966 cubic in.)
Rental available w/pack cover-$30
Summit/Daypack 1 Side hikes. T, S
Lashing Straps 1 pr To hold sleeping bag on pack. T
Gal. Ziploc Bags 6-12 Keep gear dry and clothing T
organized.
Pack Cover 1 Waterproof. Highly recommended. T, A
Make sure it fits over pack and any
external items.
Small Stuff Sacks 2-3 Pack personal items/organize. T
Ditty Bags 2-3 Put all personal smellables in one to T
raise in bear bag.

FOOTWEAR
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK
Boots 1 pr Well broken in durable boots. Trail T
runners are accepted but ankle
support is highly recommended.
Over the ankle boots are required for
ATV program.
Socks 3 pr Synthetic or wool. T
Liner Socks 3 pr Synthetic or wool, wicks sweat away T, O
from foot.
21
 Camp Shoes 1 pr Sturdy lightweight, closed toe T, O
shoes. Use in camp, side hikes, rock
climbing, and biking.

SLEEPING GEAR
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK
Sleeping Bag 1 Rated 20 degrees and less than 4 lbs. T
Waterproof Stuff 1 Alternatively use compression sack T
Sack lined w/plastic bag.

Sleeping Pad 1 Provides padding and insulation from T

the ground.
Sleep Clothes 1 set worn only in sleeping bag. T-shirt & T
gym shorts acceptable.

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK
Bowl 1 Deep bowl of lightweight material. T
Mug/Cup 1 12-20 oz. Measuring style T, O
recommended.
Spoon/Spork 1 Lightweight. T
Water Bottles 4+ Any combinations of bladders and T, A,
(1 Qt.) bottles are accepted, but at least BB, E
one water bottle is necessary.
Pocket Knife 1 Small knife for opening food T, A,
packages and water purification S, E
tablets.
Matches/Lighter 1 Pack in waterproof container for T, BB,
lighting camp stove. Can be shared S, E
w/buddy.
Flashlight/ 1 Durable and lightweight. Everyone T, E
Headlamp in crew should have one. Bring extra
batteries.
Trekking Poles 1 pr Rubber tips to prevent erosion. Can T, O
w/rubber tips reduce impact on ankles and knees
by up to 25%. Improve balance.
Philmont 2 Overall maps are not for navigation. T, A,
Sectional Maps sets S, E

Compass 1 Liquid filled compass w/rotating dial T, A,

is optimal. S, E
Bandana/tubular 2 Serves as a wash cloth, hot pot T, BB
headgear holder, and a variety of other uses.

Money $20- ATM in Base Camp. Small bills. BB

$50 Backcountry trading posts have
many items.
Lip Balm 1 Moisturizing balm with SPF 25 + T, A,
BB

22
 Soap 1 Biodegradable. For body or clothes. T, BB, S
Small amount needed.
Toothbrush 1 Trial size. T, BB
Toothpaste 1 Small amount needed. T, BB, S
Camp Towel 1 Quick drying & small. T
Tampon/Pads Strongly recommended for all T, BB
females to bring.
Personal Enough for entire trek. BB
Medication
Sunglasses 1 T
Watch 1 Several recommended thoughout T, O, E
crew members.
Camera 1 Batteries & memory card. T, BB, S
Whistle 1 To signal an emergency. T, E
Fishing 1 Some itineraries have fishing T, O
Equipment opportunities.

Fishing License 1 NM State fishing license required. T, O

Purchase at Tooth of Time Traders
or www.wildlife.state.nm.us
Postcards 1+ Pre-stamped. Mailing availabe on T, O
trek
Foot Powder 1 Can soothe tired feet, absorb T, BB,
moisture and reduce chance of S, O
blisters
Notepad & Pen 1 For journals or emergency messages. T, BB,
The Philmont Passport is great for O
journaling.
CODE: (T)=Available at Philmont’s Tooth of Time Traders; (A)=Easily accessible in
pack or carried on person; (BB)=Packed in bear bag at night; (S)=Share with a buddy;
(O)=Optional, (E)=Philmont Essentials (see pg. 26)

ITEMS PROHIBITED:
• Deodorant
• Radios/MP3 Players/Video Game Devices
• Hammocks
• Turkey Bags
• Bear Bag Pulley Systems

23
 EQUIPMENT PROVIDED BY CREW
Necessary items for each crew to bring or purchase upon arrival.
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE CHECK
Sewing Kit 1 Heavy thread & needle used to T
repair pack, tents, clothing, etc.
Tent Stakes/ 5 Philmont Thunder Ridge tents - 8 T
per person Philmont dining fly - 8

Water Container 2-3 Collapsible. Review itinerary to T, E

2.5 gal ensure sufficient water carrying
capabilities.
Backpacking 2 Take repair kit on trail. Stove should T
Stove be able to safely hold 8 qt. pot

Fuel Bottle/1 qt. 2 White gas & canister fuel is available T

in backcountry. Be able to carry
white gas w/60 oz capacity or
canister w/1600 grams capacity.
First Aid Kit 1 Sufficient for crew and easily T, BB,
accessible. A, E
Duct Tape 1 Small amount needed for trail T, BB
repairs.
Spices Personal preference to compliment T, BB,
cooked meals. O
Waterproof 1 5’ x 7’ is suitable for Philmont tents. T
Ground Cloth per
tent
Nylon Cord 3 50’ x 1/8” for dining fly, clothesline, T
repairing items or tying items to
pack.
Sunscreen 2-3 6 oz tubes w/SPF 25 or higher. T,
BB, E
Insect Repellent 2 Small bottles, no aerosol spray cans. T,
BB, E
Water Purifiers/ 2-3 All water from streams, lakes, wells, T, O
Filters etc needs to be purified. Water at
staff camps is purified unless noted.
Micropur tablets are issued so filters
are optional and will require a repair
kit on the trail.
Multi-Tool 1 To remove lid from cooking pot & to T
repair gear.
Trowel/Shovel 1 Useful if away from a camp or T
camping in low impact campsite
Carabiner 1 Carabiner (locking preferred) must T
be rated as climbing strength for
rigging “oops” bag w/bear bags. A
caribiner designed to be a key ring is
not sufficient.

24
 EQUIPMENT ISSUED BY PHILMONT
Each crew of 7-12 persons is issued the following equipment free of charge
(except for any damage or replacement charges upon return).
EQUIPMENT QTY COMMENTS CODE
Thunder Ridge 1 12’ x 10’/wt 2 lbs. 3 oz. Crews may bring their
Shelter (Dining own. A wide/short dining fly are is preferred
Fly) vs a tall/narrow area.

Collapsible Poles 2 For dining fly, wt 1lb. 5 oz.. Trekking poles are
a convenient substitute.
Philmont Thunder 1 Weight w/poles is 5 lbs, 13 oz. Footprint is 88”
Ridge Tent w/ per x 54”. Personal tents must be fully enclosed.
poles 2 Single person tents are not allowed due to a
ppl larger overall camp footprint except for odd
numbered crew or adult male/female tenting
needs.
Cooking Pot 1 8-qt Aluminum pot with lid: 1 lb., 12.8 oz
Must be large enough to cook for everyone
in the crew, and must be large enough to
submerge eating utensils to sanitize dishes
before eating.
Dishwashing-2nd 1 8-qt Aluminum pot without lid: 1 lb., 4 oz.
cooking pot Must be large enough to heat water for
washing and rinsing.
Large Spoon 1 1 lg spoon, 3 oz
Hot Pot Tongs 1 pr 4 oz. Multi-tool can be used instead.
Plastic Trash Bags 10 Personal preference, multi-purpose. C
Salt / Pepper/ BB,
Condiments C, O
Dishwashing Soap, Hand Sanitizer, Scrub Pads BB, C
Water Purifier Tablets, Micropur-1 tablet treats 1 liter, Resupply at
Backcountry Commissaries.
Bear Rope 2-3 Nylon, weighs 1 lb., 3.2 oz. each. Philmont BB
requires crews to use Philmont’s or equivalent
dimension rope. Smaller diameter ropes may
be lighter but experience has shown that they
are more difficult to hoist up and they can fray
or snag on the bear cables.
Bear Bags 5-8 For hanging smellables. 1 lb, 8oz BB
Food Strainer and 1 ea 8 oz
Scraper
Toilet Paper Resupplied w/Food Pickup

CODE: (T)=Available at Philmont’s Tooth of Time Traders; (A)=Easily accessible

in pack or carried on person; (C)=Available for resupply at commissary camps;
(BB)=Packed in bear bag at night; (E)=The Essentials for Hiking at Philmont;
(S)=Share with a buddy; (O)=Optional

25
THE ESSENTIALS FOR HIKING AT PHILMONT SCOUT RANCH
The Essentials should be carried on all hikes, including side hikes. Once you
are ready to go, be sure to tell someone your itinerary, including when you
plan to return.
(*) Philmont allows these indicated items to be shared with a buddy.
• *Map & Compass – and the ability to read a map and use a compass.
• *Sun & Insect Protection – sunscreen, broad-brimmed hat, sunglasses,
insect repellent.
• Water & Extra Food – a minimum of 4 quarts of treated water is
ESSENTIAL in the Southwest.
• Rain Gear & Extra Clothing – preferably a breathable rain suit with
jacket and pants. Daytime temperatures can drop to 40 degrees F
during the summer; nighttime temperatures can drop below freezing.
Wool and/or polypro or other synthetic fabrics are recommended.
Cotton clothing is not suitable for retaining body heat.
• *First Aid Kit – adequate to treat common injuries that may occur on
a hike, including latex or nitrile gloves for protection from blood borne
pathogens.
• *Matches – waterproof, for building a small campfire if necessary for
warmth, drying clothing, or boosting morale.
• *Pocket Knife – a multi-tool knife with several tools is recommended.
• *Watch – an inexpensive watch will help you stick to the scheduled
itinerary. This can be attached to your pack or day pack.
• Flashlight – for use if darkness overtakes you during your hike or an
emergency requires that you hike after dark.
• Whistle – a simple whistle for use as a signal to alert others of your
location.

ARRIVING AT PHILMONT
In Cimarron, New Mexico, a small, historic town that Kit Carson and Buffalo
Bill once knew, turn south off U.S. 64 on NM 21. Cimarron means “wild” or
“untamed” in Spanish and echoes memories of a wild and woolly past. After
crossing a small bridge over the Cimarron River, you will see a hotel to the
left. The St. James Hotel boasts an exciting history. Jesse James, Wyatt Earp,
Clay Allison, and other famous gunfighters stayed there. Twenty-six men were
allegedly carried from the hotel—feet first!
Across the street is a building once known as Schwenk’s Gambling Hall.
Here Lucien Maxwell, a great land baron who owned 1,714,765 acres,
including all of Philmont, bet on one of the Old West’s most famous horse
races. Maxwell’s bet was a roulette table piled high with gold. The race is
famous because Maxwell warned his jockey to win or he would be shot off his
horse at the finish line. He won.
One block west of the St. James stands an old grist mill, built in 1864
and operated by Maxwell. Now a museum, Philmont campers are always
welcome. Plan to visit this fascinating museum before or after your Philmont
trek.
26
 Just beyond Cimarron you will pass the Philmont boundary marker. The land
west of the highway is the Buffalo Pasture of about 4,500 acres and where
Philmont’s 100 head buffalo herd lives.
Looking to your right, every mountain you see lies on Philmont. As you scan
the horizon, you can just see the top of the famous “Tooth of Time”.
Beyond the buffalo pasture, the group of buildings on the right are homes
of ranch personnel. Farther back are the barns where Waite Phillips once
kept polo horses. The administration offices and homes are next on your
left. Warehouses for food and supplies, farm equipment, vehicles, and
maintenance shops are located here.
Next on your left is the Villa Philmonte, the magnificent summer home
of Waite Phillips built in 1927. Notice the Spanish-style architecture, high
arches, and tile roof. Surrounding the Villa is the Philmont Training Center
where Scouting families live in tent cities during weekly training conferences
held throughout the summer.
Past the Villa, on the left, is the new home of the National Scouting
Museum where you can find interesting collections and exhibits highlighting
the history of the BSA, Philmont, Order of the Arrow and much more!

Day One at Philmont

Welcome Center
At last you’re here! Drive in beside the gateway to the unloading area
at the Welcome Center, where you will be greeted by a staff member
with complete instructions for unloading and parking. Please follow them
carefully.
Meet Your Ranger
At the Welcome Center, you will meet your Ranger, a well-qualified male or
female who has a sincere interest in your group and has been trained to help
your crew get started on a successful Expedition.
The Ranger’s job is to lead you through the Philmont check-in and to
accompany you for 2 days on the trail to coach and review camping and
hiking skills.
Philmont Check-In
Before your crew hits the trail, the following steps must be completed:
1. Start hydrating now!
2. Tent Assignment: You will receive tent assignments at the Welcome
Center for your first night at Philmont. Your ranger will show your crew
to their assigned tents.
3. Crew Photo: A trained Philmont photographer will take your crew photo
(multi-crew photos available for additional purchase). The BSA uniform
or crew uniform is appropriate dress. Each Philmont participant will
receive one free 4x6 crew photo. Extra photos, or other photo products
may be ordered at philmontphotos.org.
4. Your Advisor Meets the Registrar: Your contingent leader or Lead
Advisor will meet the registrar in Camping Headquarters. Philmont
27
 requires that two persons in each crew be currently certified in
Wilderness First Aid Basic and CPR. Current certifications will need to
be presented. A large envelope will be provided to store extra money,
credit cards and/or valuable documents in the safe while your crew is
on the trail. At this time, you will pay any outstanding fees.
5. Your Leaders Visit Logistics: Your Adult Advisor and Crew Leader will
meet one of the itinerary planners at Logistics Services to finalize
arrangements for your program, food pickups, bus transportation, and
conservation sites. Your Crew Leader should bring their Crew Leader
Field Guide and an unmarked Philmont overall map to mark your route
and campsites. You will be given a copy of your selected itinerary as a
souvenir of your Philmont adventure.
6. Medical Recheck: A medical recheck will be given to all crew members.
Your ranger will give you the procedures for this required recheck. You
will need to bring your medical forms and any medication with you to
the recheck (in original container). A participant whose weight exceeds
the maximum allowable on the height/weight chart will not be allowed
to participate and will be sent home at their own expense.
7. Laundry: Dirty clothing may be laundered at Philmont’s self-service
Laundromat. One or more crew members should be assigned to bring
all the crew’s dirty clothes to the laundry. All clothing should be marked
with your name in indelible ink and any loose patches or insignia should
be removed to save time and confusion. Laundry soap and supplies are
available from the Tooth of Time Traders or the Laundromat.
8. Outfitting Services: Outfitting Services is located in the Mabee Services
Building. Trail equipment including tents, poles, cooking pots, etc., will
be issued to your crew along with your first issue of Trail Meals. The
Crew Leader’s copy of your itinerary must be presented to draw your
trail food. White gas purchase and pack rental is also handled through
Outfitting Services.
The Philmont Mail Room is also located in the Mabee Services Building
near Outfitting Services. Your Adult Advisor or Crew Leader should plan
to check for mail before leaving this area.
9. Shakedown: In a place designated by your Ranger you will unpack
everything. Your Ranger will review the necessary items and
demonstrate the best methods of packing at Philmont. Store excess
items in your crew locker or vehicle.
PLEASE NOTE: After leaving Camping Headquarters, there is NO
opportunity to return excess baggage. If you have doubts about taking
certain items, discuss them with your Ranger. Your Ranger is NOT
permitted to bring any crew gear you take on the trail back to Base
Camp nor can items be left in a backcountry camp to be delivered and
held in Base Camp. You are responsible to carry everything you take
with you for the duration of your trek.
10. Conservation Project, Emergency and Trail of Courage Information
Boards: Your Ranger will describe these information boards in more
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 detail at their designated sites in Base Camp.
11. Tour Camping Headquarters – As time permits, your Ranger can give
you a tour of Camping Headquarters. Visit the National Scouting
Museum and while there schedule a tour of the Villa Philmonte.
12. Tooth of Time Traders (TOTT)- Your tour should include a visit to the
Tooth of Time Traders where a complete supply of outdoor gear and
equipment, Philmont items (patches, belts, buckles, maps, gift cards,
etc.) and other souvenirs are available. The Tooth of Time Cantina
is located adjacent to the TOTT. Items are available online at www.
ToothOfTimeTraders.com.
13. Headquarters Dining Hall: In Camping Headquarters, you will eat in the
dining hall. The menus are well-balanced and nutritious.
14. Advisor’s Meeting/Crew Leader’s Meeting/Chaplain Aide’s Meeting/
Wilderness Pledge “Guia” Meeting: Separate meetings will take place
for Lead Advisors (all adults should attend), Crew Leaders, Chaplain
Aides, and Wilderness Pledge “Guias”. Topics will include current
backcountry conditions as well as tips to improve your Expedition.
15. Religious Services: Chaplains of Jewish, Protestant, Catholic, and LDS
faiths conduct services at Camping Headquarters beginning at 7 p.m.
Your crew is encouraged to attend (see pages 57-58). The Tooth of Time
Traders and will be closed at this time.
16. Write Home – Call Home: After supper is a good time to write home.
Your parents will enjoy hearing from you. (Philmont postcards
are available at the Tooth of Time Traders, Mail Room, and also in
backcountry Trading Posts).
17. Opening Program: Your first evening program at Philmont is a portrayal
of the “Philmont Story”, a historic narrative of the Southwest. Your
Philmont adventure begins here. Warm clothing is recommended for
this and all evening programs.
18. A Good Night’s Sleep: Following the campfire, quietly return to your
tent for a good night’s sleep as it will help you adjust to the altitude and
be ready for a Tomorrow you hit the trail! Be sure your crew adheres to
the nightly quiet hours. Your actions can negatively impact others.
19. Security, Lost-and-Found, Crew Lockers: Philmont employs a Seasonal
Security Staff to assist with Lost and Found, issue crew lockers, and
provide security. Crew lockers are reserved for crews traveling by public
transportation.
Crews with vehicles will store belongings in their vehicles. The number of
lockers is limited (max 2 lockers per crew). When you hit the trail, nothing
can be left in your tent. Do not leave valuables in tents while in Base Camp –
Philmont is not responsible for lost or stolen items.

Day Two at Philmont

At Headquarters
After breakfast, check out of tent city and report to the Welcome Center at
the time scheduled for your departure.
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In Route to Starting Camp
A Philmont bus will take your crew within hiking distance of your starting
camp. Be prepared to hike to your camp.
Starting Camp
Here your Ranger will work with you on:
• Map & compass navigation
• Hiking etiquette
• Lightning safety
• Emergency procedures and first aid
• Wildfire safety
• Backcountry hygiene
• Campsite setup
• Water purification
• Stove and campfire safety
• Cooking, cleaning, and disposal of waste
• Bear, mountain lion, and wildlife procedures
• Leave No Trace ethics & the Wilderness Pledge
• Low-impact and minimum-trace camping skills and techniques

Day Three at Philmont

After a good night’s sleep and a good breakfast in the starting camp your
Ranger will hike with you on the first leg of your Philmont trek. Your Ranger
will be on hand to assist you and will offer constructive ideas on how to
sharpen your camping skills. When your crew has achieved reasonable
proficiency in hiking and camping skills, your Ranger will leave you (usually
early in the morning of Day 4). Then you are strictly on your own.
Hiking at Philmont
Philmont abounds with picturesque hiking areas. Every section of the
Ranch has many opportunities for stimulating and beautiful hikes. Take time
to enjoy those scenic panoramas, delicate wild flowers, rippling streams,
majestic peaks and towering trees. Some of the most beautiful scenery
is along little-used trails and remote trail camps. When your crew is quiet
you may see wildlife including deer, turkey, porcupine, elk, bobcat, coyote,
badger, and bear. Be sure to record the animals you see on your wildlife
census card that is given to your Wilderness Pledge Guia. upon check in.
A Philmont Field Guide is available at the Tooth of Time Traders to help
enhance your experience.
Hiking on Philmont is often difficult. Weighty packs, steep trails, and high
altitudes challenge even the best backpackers. Remember, your trek is a
team effort. Stronger hikers are expected to help weaker ones. Faster hikers
should hike near the end of the line and encourage the slower ones in front.
Your crew should always hike together, staying within sight and sound of one
another. This avoids the terrifying experience of someone being lost. Due to
risks involved, Philmont strongly discourages hiking at night.

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 Camping at Philmont
Camping is the major activity at Philmont. You will camp every day on your
trek at Philmont—camps that vary from vast meadows to narrow valleys
and lofty mountain tops. Elevations at some camps are less than 7,500 feet;
others exceed 10,000 feet. Your itinerary will include several different types
of camps, such as starting, staffed, trail, low impact, and dry camps.
Rangers are the only staff in starting camps. Here you will receive ranger
training and become further oriented and acclimated to Philmont.
Staffed camps are supervised by a camp director and program counselors
to present unique program features. Most staffed camps have water supplies
and two-way radio communications with the Philmont Logistics Services.
Commissaries, trading posts, and showers are available at some staffed
camps. See the Itinerary Guide Book for detailed information on camp
facilities.
Trail camps have water but no staff. Here you are completely on your own.
All itineraries include several trail and/or dry camps. They are part of your
Philmont experience. See the Itinerary Guide Book for ideas about what to do
in trail camps.
Dry camps have no water and no staff. They are used because they provide
scenic vistas, pleasant campsites, and valuable training. Vast stretches of the
great Southwest are dry, and early pioneers traveling the Santa Fe Trail in
covered wagons had to conserve every cup of water. Sometimes they had to
drink the blood of their oxen and other animals to survive. You will not have
to endure this much hardship, but you may need to carry water for several
miles before arriving at your dry camp. Check your itinerary to determine the
closest place to get water for all of your camping locations.
All campsites are clearly designated with numbers routed into wood blocks
attached to trees. Check your map and use a compass to be sure you’re at
the right place. Most camps are designated by rectangular trail signs with
the camp name. Look for a map of campsites that is posted in trail camps;
sometimes the best campsites are secluded. The map will help you locate
them.
A number of low impact campsites are designated on our neighbors’
property. If your itinerary requires your crew to use one of these campsites,
your Ranger will instruct your crew about the special camping techniques
required as a part of our special use permits.
Hiking
Hiking is an important part of the Philmont experience. Navigators and
Crew Leaders will need to study the map and Crew Leader Itinerary Plan to
determine the best route, the number of miles, and the elevation gain and
loss. The map can provide many clues to help determine hiking times and
scenic stops. Philmont requires that crews hike during daylight with rare
exceptions to travel from a nearby trail camp to a staff camp for evening
campfires.

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Fire Points
Metal fire rings have been established at all camps. They are to contain
fires, reduce possibilities of a wildland fire, limit amounts of wood burned,
establish campsites in the most desirable locations, eliminate unnecessary
fire lays, and designate the place for all cooking. Do not scar the beauty of
Philmont camps by creating unnecessary new fire lays or enlarging existing
ones. Keep your fire small—it will be easier to extinguish. Conditions may ban
the use of wood fires. Stoves are required.
Cooking and Food Pickups
Ten different trail menus are issued. Packaged in durable, recyclable poly
bags, these lightweight trail meals have been carefully developed and
checked for quality and quantity for rugged mountain hiking and backpacking
needs of energetic young people and leaders who hike Philmont trails.
Concentrated foods do not always look or taste the same as fresh, frozen,
or canned foods, but when properly prepared they are appetizing and
nourishing. Your crew may find it helpful to practice cooking freeze dried/
dehydrated food before your trek begins.
Explicit cooking directions are indicated on each food packet for your
convenience. Follow these instructions closely. Remember, make allowances
for high-altitude cooking.
High-altitude cooking is different than at lower elevations—it takes longer.
At 7,000 feet, which is low at Philmont, water boils at 199˚F. At 9,000 feet,
a typical Philmont elevation, it boils at 195˚F and at 11,000 feet, a high
Philmont elevation, it boils at only 191˚F. Water at higher elevations is
generally colder, requiring more time to boil. By keeping your pots and food
and water covered, you can decrease the heat loss and reduce your cooking
time. To overcome this loss of time due to high altitude and cold water, you
should organize your meal preparation procedures well.
When planning your trek, your itinerary will show camps where you will
pick up food. Normally, you will carry a 2 to 3-day supply – sometimes 4,
depending on your itinerary. Each meal bag weighs approximately 1-2 lbs and
feeds 2 campers. Each camp commissary will issue you specific menus that
depend on your arrival date. This plan enables your crew to eat a different
menu each of your 10 days on the trail.
Food Allergies
Philmont trail food is by necessity a high-carbohydrate, high-caloric diet. It
is high in wheat, milk products, sugar and corn syrup, and artificial coloring/
flavoring. If an individual in your crew is allergic to some food products
on our menu or requires a special diet, suitable replacement food must
be purchased at home and brought to Philmont to replace those items.
Philmont asks that food substitutions be made only for medical (including
allergies) or religious reasons. All food shipped to the backcountry is subject
to inspection to ensure the best delivery method. There is no fee reduction
for individuals who bring their own food.
If replacement food is required, go to the Philmont website www.
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PhilmontScoutRanch.org and find the menu and ingredients list. All meals
are numbered from 1 to 10. Review this list and determine what items in
the meals could cause a problem and prepare a substitute for that meal (i.e.,
Supper 5). When putting the substitute together, keep in mind that Philmont
participants need approximately 3,000 calories a day. Package the items/
meals individually and label them with your Expedition Number, person’s
name, and the meal the substitute is replacing (“Supper 5”). Do this for all
meals with substitutions.
On the day of your arrival at Philmont, your crew’s Ranger, the Crew Leader,
and individual(s) needing the substitute food, should bring the food bags to
Logistics. The Logistics staff will then group the meals to correspond with
the crew’s commissary pick-ups and will arrange for food to be delivered to
appropriate backcountry commissaries.
Managing food allergies is the responsibility of the participant, and a
participant should be able to exercise good judgement in food selection and
read food labels prior to arrival at Philmont. Appropriate substitutions can be
arranged for food served in the dining hall by speaking with the dining hall
manager upon your arrival at Philmont.
Please visit the Philmont website to review the current menus and the
Special Food Needs Document. If you have any questions about food
substitutions, please contact Philmont by phone at 575-376-2281 or email
[email protected]. The menu and ingredient list will be
available online by May 1st.
Alternative Cooking Methods
Crews coming to Philmont often inquire about alternative cooking methods
including the use of oven cooking bags (also known as “turkey bags”). Though
their use may be a common practice on camping or backpacking trips on the
local level, Philmont requires that crews DO NOT use this cooking method
while on an expedition at Philmont. Rangers will teach the proper cooking
and cleaning procedures to the crew at the beginning of the trek using pots,
camp suds, hot water, and Philmont sumps. This is an important skill for
crew members to learn and helps reinforce the Patrol Method on the trail by
rotating this valuable position on the crew duty roster to all members of the
crew.
Other concerns with the “turkey bags” are the environmental impact, the
potential for increased odors that are carried in backpacks, hung in bear bags,
or left in refuse containers, and the impact to bear and wildlife procedures.
23,000 participants in a summer would create over 50,000 bags that take
up scarce refuse space in the backcountry and then have to be hauled to a
landfill. Your cooperation in this effort will help support Philmont’s multiple
sustainability initiatives and will make a positive and lasting impact on the
environment.
Bearmuda Triangle
Your Ranger will teach your crew how to set-up your campsite using the
“Bearmuda” Triangle. This method concentrates all activities that might
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have a smell within a triangle formed by the fire ring, sump and bear cable.
Tents are set up outside the triangle and backpacks, dining fly, cooking and
dishwashing occur inside the triangle.
The tent area should be located at least 50 feet from the “Bearmuda”
Triangle.

PRESERVING THE PHILMONT WILDERNESS

Philmont is a magnificent wilderness camping area with an immense
network of trails and camps tied together by service roads designed for
service and protection of both campers and land.
Since 1938, thousands of young people have enjoyed the great scenic
beauty of Philmont’s mountain terrain and experienced the unique and
memorable programs of its staffed camps. However, in the past, a number
of inconsiderate and impolite Scout campers, employing improper camping
methods have marred certain areas of this magnificent land. Consequently,
Philmont asks all campers and their Advisors to commit themselves to good
Scout camping and genuine wilderness understanding.
Each camper and Advisor will be asked to sign the Philmont Wilderness
Pledge, which declares that he or she will do everything possible to preserve
the beauty and wonder of the Philmont wilderness and its facilities through
good Scout camping. It is expected that Philmont campers will follow this
pledge at all camping areas that they might visit throughout America

WILDERNESS PLEDGE
The 5 areas of emphasis of the Philmont Wilderness Pledge are:
1. Litter and Graffiti: Each camper should make sure that all backcountry
facilities, trails, campsites, and latrines are left neat and clean, including
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Camping Headquarters, shower and tent areas.
While litter can be picked up, graffiti often permanently defaces BSA
property and detracts from the “Philmont experience”. Do not contribute
to this problem. Any Graffiti left on Philmont facilities will result in
consequences, including the revocation of the Philmont Arrowhead
2. Wildlife: Respect Philmont’s wildlife, including livestock. Follow all
guidelines regarding food handling and trash disposal. Never feed or harass
livestock or wild animals.
3. Water: You are in a land where water is scarce and very precious.
Conservation and wise use of water has been practiced since the first person
entered this land. Use water properly; never bathe, do laundry, wash dishes,
or play in or near a spring or stream. Do not disturb or throw rocks in springs
or touch any solar pumps. They are easily damaged, and the flow of water
can be disrupted. Everyone needs water, and you should leave each spring
and stream as clean as you found it.
4. Trails: Pledge to respect Philmont trails. Do not cut green boughs or trees,
or mark on them. Do not cut across switchbacks, and do not alter or change
trail signs.
5. Campsites: Each crew is responsible for leaving a neat and orderly
campsite, whether it be in Camping Headquarters, staffed camps, or non-
staffed camps. Your campsite should be left litter-free with its latrine and
sump clean. Fires, if permitted, must be left DEAD OUT and then cleaned
of debris before you leave. Do not trench tents; always pitch them on high
ground. You should respect the feelings of those crews camping near you and
those that will come after you.
Philmont serves over 23,000 Scouts, Venturers, Explorers and leaders
each year. Consequently, some trails and camps are subjected to heavy use.
Nevertheless, it is not the wear of so many pairs of boots that mars Philmont.
It is the carelessness and thoughtlessness of inconsiderate campers. It is our
sincere hope that through your commitment to the Philmont Wilderness
Pledge and Leave No Trace principles, Philmont will always remain a beautiful
and clean place to enjoy high adventure.
Leave No Trace
Hiking and camping without a trace are signs of an expert outdoorsman
and of a scout who cares for the environment and Philmont. Your Wilderness
Pledge Guia will lead the crew discussion on each principle. They are:
1. Plan ahead and prepare 4. Leave what you find
2. Travel and camp on durable 5. Minimize campfire impacts
surfaces 6. Respect wildlife
3. Dispose of waste properly 7. Be considerate of other visitors

REPORT ARTIFACTS
Philmont is a natural outdoor biological, geological, archaeological, and
historical laboratory and museum. Countless varieties of rock, plants,
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and animals are found here, as well as abundant evidence of past human
habitation from prehistoric Indians (arrowheads, potshards, grinding
stones, etc.) to old mining camps (bottles, cans, equipment, cabins, etc.).
Specimens of plants and animals (including mule deer antlers, elk sheds,
or animal skulls), or artifacts mentioned above, are to be observed and
left where you discover them, not collected and removed from Philmont.
Reports of discoveries are helpful in reconstructing Philmont’s archaeological
and historical past. These should be put in writing and left at the Camping
Headquarters during the check-out process.

SAFE AND HEALTHY CAMPING AND HIKING

Strict adherence to proper health and safety practices is crucial at Philmont.
Campers are responsible to themselves for remaining strong and healthy.
Failure to purify water or to rinse dishes thoroughly may affect everyone in
the crew. Health and safety are a crew responsibility, as well as individual
ones. Here are some wise trail practices that will help you and your crew be
strong, safe, and healthy.
Keep Personally Clean
Good campers are clean. Personal cleanliness will make you feel better. Take
pride in the personal appearance of yourself and your crew. Your appearance
will be compared with that of other crews from all parts of America. A haircut
is recommended the day before you leave for Philmont. Do your best to
keep your hair washed and combed when you are in the rugged, challenging
wilderness. Showers are usually available (except during drought periods)
at Indian Writings, Ponil, Baldy Camp, Sawmill, Cimarroncito, Clarks Fork,
Cyphers Mine, Beaubien, Phillips Junction, Miners Park, Abreu and Zastrow.
Sponge baths can be taken at most camps.
Caring for Your Feet
Proper foot care is essential to a successful Philmont trek. Blisters and foot
injuries are one of the most common injuries suffered at Philmont but are
completely preventable with some simple steps. Address ingrown toenails
and foot issues at home well in advance of your trek. Cut your toenails short
and square-don’t round corners. Clean feet before and after hiking to remove
any dirt or debris that may cause blisters. Change your socks daily. Always
keep your feet and socks dry. Prevent blisters by treating hotspots before
they become blisters. If a blister occurs, reduce friction in the affected area
by changing shoes and socks, surround with a ring of moleskin or cover with
medical tape. Treat cuts and sores on your feet with antiseptic and adhesive
bandages.
Wash Your Clothes
The mark of a first-class backpacker is clean clothes. You can wash clothing
at shower houses. They will dry quickly in Philmont’s low humidity.
Dehydration
Low humidity and strenuous activity cause your body to lose enormous
36
amounts of fluids and electrolytes. This fluid loss is occurring even though
you may not feel like you are sweating and may not feel thirsty. You need
to drink more water than you normally would at home, drinking six to eight
quarts per day may be necessary to maintain adequate hydration. The salt
content of Philmont’s menus is adequate to replace your loss of salt from
sweating. Salt tablets are not recommended, but alternating water and ½
strength sports drinks is encouraged.
Symptoms of dehydration include light-headedness, dizziness, nausea,
general weakness, muscle cramps, and sometimes fever and chills. Hot, dry,
clear days accelerate loss of body fluids. To prevent potential dehydration
problems plan to hike early in the morning to avoid the intense heat of
midday and take more water breaks than you normally would. As always
prevention is key.
Heat Exhaustion
Prolonged physical exertion in a hot environment may cause heat
exhaustion. Symptoms of heat exhaustion are faint or weak feeling, dizziness,
nausea, or a rapid pulse. Body temperature usually remains near normal. The
afflicted person should rest in a comfortable, shaded environment and drink
fluids.
Heat Stroke
If heat exhaustion is left unrecognized and untreated it may progress into
heat stroke. In heat stroke the body’s cooling mechanisms stop functioning
and the body temperature soars. Symptoms of heat stroke may include
hot, red, dry skin, but is most recognizable by the change in the level of
consciousness. To treat heat stroke, cool the patient immediately with a dip
in a stream or put him/her in the shade and drape bare skin with wet cloths.
When the patient is able to drink, give fluids. Treat for shock and get help.
Hyperventilation
A feeling of panic accompanied by rapid breathing with shallow breath
is symptomatic of hyperventilation. The subject loses carbon dioxide from
the bloodstream and may become numb around the mouth and in the
extremities. If untreated, the person may experience violent spasms in the
hands and feet and even lose consciousness. Hyperventilation occurs fairly
frequently, especially among teenagers and young adults while undergoing
strenuous activity at high elevation. Difficulty breathing or breathing heavily
while hiking is normal and shouldn’t be confused with hyperventilation.
Although it is usually not serious for an otherwise healthy person, the
symptoms of hyperventilation can be frightening to the subject and the crew.
The most effective treatment is to have the subject re-breathe his or her own
air from a plastic or stuff sack. The higher concentration of carbon dioxide in
re-breathed air will enter the lungs within 10-20 minutes, the carbon dioxide
will restore to a normal balance. Reassure the subject and tell the person to
take long, deep breaths from the bag.

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Hypothermia
Hypothermia results from exposure to cold, wet weather, with most
cases developing in air temperatures of 30˚ to 50˚F (common in Philmont’s
high country). Wind, wet clothing, or exhaustion increase the chance of
hypothermia. Always carry rain gear with you on side hikes and put it on
before it begins to rain. Symptoms include faltering coordination, slurred
speech, loss of good judgment, disorientation, numbness, and fatigue. Wet
clothing must be replaced with dry, (preferably wool or polypropylene)
clothing. Apply heat to the head, neck, sides, and groin with warm-water
bottles. Put the patient in a sleeping bag and give hot sugary liquids (if able
to drink without choking). Do not rub the subject’s body, as that may cause
injury. If the patient is able to sit up and eat encourage him or her to eat a
snack as increased metabolism from digestion will help to warm the patient.
Sunburn
Prevent sunburn by wearing a broad-brimmed hat and applying a high-
numbered sunscreen (at least 25 SPF). Cover the most susceptible parts of
your body (nose, head, face, neck, ears, back of knees, and legs). Fair-skinned
campers should apply protection early in the morning and reapply it during
the day. If you do become sunburned, treat it immediately. Get the afflicted
person to shade and administer fluids. The incidence of developing skin
cancer is fairly high among people who have been severely sunburned during
childhood. Taking preventative measures is a wise precaution.
Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)
Participants who live at less than 3,000 feet elevation may require 2 to
3 days or more to adapt to a higher elevation above 6,000 feet. Teenagers
and young adults have a higher incidence of acute mountain sickness
(AMS). A gradual ascent of not more than 1,000 feet per day (above 6,000
feet) elevation will help prevent AMS. Physical symptoms of AMS include
headache, insomnia, fatigue, shortness of breath, lassitude and intestinal
upset. Psychologically, a person may become irritable and have difficulty
concentrating. AMS usually occurs at elevations in excess of 6,500 feet—all of
Philmont qualifies.
To help your body adjust to the altitude make sure to maintain good
hydration, eat full meals and get a good night sleep in the first few days at
elevation. Descending to a lower elevation, avoidance of strenuous activity
and taking Tylenol or Ibuprofen for headache may relieve the symptoms of
AMS. If this is not successful within 24 hours, the subject may need to be
transported to base camp. While regular physical conditioning prior to the
trek is beneficial, it does not prevent the development of AMS.
Protection from Hantavirus
Hantavirus is thought to be the cause of respiratory distress syndrome. This
illness has affected persons in most western states. Rodents are the primary
carriers of recognized hantavirus. It is believed that hantavirus is carried
in the urine, feces and saliva of deer mice, rabbits and possibly other wild
rodents. A person contracts hantavirus by coming into contact with rodent
38
feces, urine, saliva or things that have been contaminated by them. This
illness is not suspected to be spread from one person to another.
All participants and staff engaged in hiking and camping should take the
following precautions to reduce the likelihood of exposure to potentially
infectious materials.
• Avoid coming into contact with rodents and rodent burrows or
disturbing dens (such as pack rat nests).
• Do not pitch tents or place sleeping bags in areas in proximity to rodent
feces or burrows or near possible rodent shelters (e.g., garbage boxes
or woodpiles).
• Do not use or enter cabins or other enclosed shelters that are rodent
infested until they have been appropriately cleaned and disinfected.
Report these to the next staffed camp.
• Do not sleep on the bare ground. Use of tents with floors and good
ground cloths is required.
• Store food in a bear bag hung from a cable.
• Properly package all garbage and trash, and discard in covered trash
containers at staffed camps.
• Use only water that has been disinfected by boiling, chlorination,
iodination or purification for drinking, cooking, washing dishes and
brushing teeth.
Avoid the Plague
Rabies and bubonic plague are potentially transmitted by fleas carried
by rabbits, bats, ground squirrels, chipmunks, and other rodents. Do not
handle any animals. Do not feed any animals. Keep your tent zipped closed to
prevent rodents entering.
Accidents
Most accidents occur late in the day in camp, not on the trail. Many of them
involve horseplay. Fatigue, mild dehydration, and altitude effects may impair
a crew member’s performance and judgment. Rock throwing, improper use
of equipment, foolishness in hanging bear bags, climbing steep rocky ridges,
running through campsites, climbing trees, and carelessness around fire
lays are prevalent causes of accidents. To avoid them, individual and crew
discipline should be maintained, and safety practiced in all activities.
Stress and Group Dynamics
Eleven days in the rugged Philmont terrain sometimes produces mental
and emotional stress, especially for members of crews whose training and
preparation back home has been minimal.
Each crew is subjected to physical demands such as carrying a 35-50-pound
backpack; gasping for breaths at high elevations; facing weather conditions
varying from hot, blazing sun to cold, wet, foggy periods of several days; and
getting started on camp chores early and doing them efficiently to participate
in programs at the next staffed camp. These physical demands can create
irritability and mental stress.
Personality differences and minor internal crew conflicts sometimes
39
produce emotional stress. Each crew member should ask, “How can I
eliminate or reduce my habits that may be offensive to others?” Good
leadership on the part of the Crew Leader can help reduce the potential for
conflicts. The Crew Leader should 1) discuss alternative choices with the
crew, 2) listen to each crew member’s ideas, 3) make decisions in the best
interest of the entire crew, 4) assign duties to implement those decisions, 5)
evaluate how the crew did with input from each individual. Giving objective
feedback based on observed behaviors rather than directing it to a specific
person or persons can be extremely beneficial in resolving conflicts.
If stress is beyond the capabilities of the crew to manage, contact the
nearest staffed camp for help. Depending upon the circumstances, a camp
director or Philmont Chaplain may be called in to assist. If a serious conflict
develops, a camp director or chaplain has better success in helping the crew
overcome it when called early, instead of allowing it to escalate.
Purify All Drinking Water
All water from all sources—including springs, streams and wells—must be
purified. (Most staff camps have treated water. Be sure to check with staff
that water is safe to drink.)
The most effective treatment to purify water is to heat it to a rolling boil.
Philmont provides Micropur tablets that release chlorine-dioxide that is
effective at killing waterborne bacteria and viruses that cause disease.
Philmont recommends that you use a purifier. (Purifiers remove giardia,
bacteria, cryptosporidia and viruses – filters do not remove viruses.) If using
a filter, you must also use additives, or boiling to kill all viruses. You must
bring extra cartridges and spare parts.
Dishwashing Procedures
After each meal, scrape and wipe dishes, utensils, and pots as clean as
possible. Wash using a mild, biodegradable soap in warm water. Use scrub
pads to remove hardened food remains. Rinse dishes in boiling water. Before
each meal sterilize dishes, utensils and pots for at least 30 seconds in boiling
water. This disinfects any contamination from being in a pack.
Dishes and utensils will air dry quickly in Philmont’s low humidity. Wash
your dishes near a sump, not a water spigot which may contaminate the area.
Proper washing, rinsing, and sterilizing of dishes and utensils will prevent
diarrhea, dysentery and a host of other medical problems.
Use of Sumps
When disposing of waste water, drain it through a strainer provided by
Philmont. The water should be disposed of in a provided sump or at least 200
feet, from any campsite or water source. Solid matter should be carried to
the next staffed camp.
Disposal of Trash and Garbage
Proper disposal of trash and garbage insures a clean camp and protects
everyone’s health. Do not bury garbage or dump it in latrines; bears and
rodents will soon retrieve it. Put trash and garbage in a plastic bag and
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give to a staff member at the nearest staffed camp. Philmont asks that you
consolidate your trash as much as possible to reduce the volume before
giving it to a staffed camp. Your Ranger will explain the recycling programs
available for some backcountry items.
Latrines
Pit latrines are provided for your use in backcountry camps. They should be
kept clean and free of graffiti by members of your crew. At other locations
you may need to dig a cat hole. Dig it at least 200 feet from any trail, water, or
campsite. Dig the hole about 6 inches deep, but no deeper than the organic
topsoil. After use, fill the hole completely, pack and mound the earth to avoid
erosion. Garbage and trash must not be put in any latrine because animals
will dig it out.
Tobacco
Our Scout Oath reminds us to keep ourselves physically strong. The use of
smokeless or smoking tobacco, including vaping and E-cigarettes adversely
affects the body and causes cancer. Because of the ever-present wildland fire
danger, smoking is not permitted on Philmont trails. If adults must smoke in
the backcountry, do it in an established camp near an unused fire ring. No
smoking is permitted in Camping Headquarters except the designated area:
back room of Advisors Lounge. Please refer to: www.scouting.org/health-
and-safety/gss/gss04/.
Alcohol and Drugs
Possession or use of alcoholic beverages and un-prescribed drugs or misuse
of prescribed drugs or chemicals are expressly prohibited. The use and
possession of marijuana is not permitted by Philmont or BSA policy and is
illegal in the state of New Mexico. Groups or individuals found in violation of
this national Boy Scouts of America policy will be sent home immediately at
their expense.
Firearms, Weapons, Fireworks
Firearms, ammunition, archery equipment, and other weapons are used at
Philmont on a closely controlled basis. Personal firearms, ammunition and
other weapons are not used on Philmont property under any circumstance.
Firearms are strictly prohibited at Philmont and must not be brought with
you. Federal and state law restricts the transportation of most firearms across
state lines so be sure to comply. If you cannot avoid bringing a firearm, it
must be in a locked case and checked in at the registration office when you
arrive and checked out when you depart Philmont. Secure storage is provided
at CHQ; DO NOT store firearms in vehicles!
Sheath knives (fixed blade) and hatchets are not allowed.
Shooting fireworks at Philmont is prohibited. They are a great fire and
safety hazard and must not be brought with you.
Prevent Wildland Fires
Our forests are a beautiful and valuable heritage. Philmont’s dry climate
requires everyone’s cooperation to prevent wildland fires. The United States
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Forest Service points out that good outdoorsmen follow these practices when
using fires:
1. Never build a fire against a tree, stump, root, or log as it may be difficult
to control or put out.
2. Avoid building a fire on a grassy area, as this destroys one of our most
valuable assets. Grass will not grow for several years on a fire spot. (At
Philmont, always use established fire rings.)
3. Rake up flammable material before building a fire.
4. Never toss a match away. Put it in the fire or hold the match until it
stops smoking, then break it between the thumb and fingers of one
hand and step on it.
5. Never leave a fire unwatched, even for a few minutes.
6. Never try to put a fire out by scattering it.
7. Put out your fire with sand, damp earth or, best of all, water. After the
first soaking, stir the ashes with a stick and add more water, then feel it
with your hands to make sure it is out.
8. Keep in mind the forest and wildlife resources and possibly, human lives
you are protecting by your care in handling fire.
Be alert for wildfires. If you see white smoke boiling up, you may have
spotted a wildland fire. Prairie fires spread quickly, and their smoke is
sweeping. If you spot a fire or think you have, report it to your Advisor,
who will report it to the nearest camp director or staff member as soon as
possible. Your crew should not attempt to fight wildfires and should quickly
leave the area. Trained fire fighters will extinguish fires quickly once they are
reported.
Smart Phones
In an age of technology, smart phones are a common tool to use in
everyday life, and just like a pocketknife, there are proper and improper
ways to use this tool within Scouting. While backpacking in the wilderness
of Philmont is an experience best enjoyed without the distractions of
technology, Philmont recognizes that their use is more common than ever.
Photographs and videos can be taken on these phones, solar chargers are
widely available, as well as a number of useful outdoor “apps”.
If it is imperative that a smart phone be taken on the trail, please ensure
that it is being utilized in a way that enhances the Philmont experience, not
detracts from the adventure for your crew or that of other crews on the
trail. Please be aware that cell phone service is very limited in Philmont’s
backcountry. Download off-line apps that will help the learning experience!
Find a good star/constellation app, or an animal tracks/scat/calls app,
compare bird calls you hear on the trail with a bird call app, or the Boy
Scout Handbook app might prove useful on the trail! Reserve texting and
phone calls for emergency use only, make it a contest to see how long crew
members can go without using their phone! (Also, keep in mind that there
are NO opportunities on the trail or in any backcountry camp to charge a
smart phone, camera, or other electronic device.) Guidelines for use should
be reviewed by the crew prior to and during their trek.
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Drones
Philmont does not allow the use of drones by participants for any purpose
and restricts the use of drones to only include the Philmont Marketing
Department.
Climbing
Falls from cliffs and rocky ridges are the most serious accidents that occur
at Philmont. Campers should be constantly alert to this very present danger
when climbing steep, rocky, mountain slopes. Common sense will enable
you to differentiate between difficult and dangerous areas and to bypass
dangerous areas completely.
Philmont conducts rock climbing at three staffed camps. These are the only
places where rock climbing is to be done, and then only under the supervision
of Philmont rock climbing staff.
Avoid throwing or rolling rocks. This is particularly dangerous in steep
country. There may be other hikers below you. The “A-B-C” of mountain
climbing is Always Be Careful.
Beware of Lightning
Reduce lightning risk in the backcountry by timing your visits to high-risk
areas with local weather patterns, find safer terrain if you hear thunder, avoid
trees and long conductors once lightning gets close, and get in the lightning
position if lightning is striking nearby and you can’t get to safer terrain. There
is no safe place outside in a thunderstorm.
Types of Lightning Danger:
• Ground Current - 50-55% of all injuries - is electrical current dispersing
through the ground. KEEP YOUR FEET TOGETHER AND TOUCHING. (One
point of contact)
• Side Flash - 30-35% of all injuries - occurs by lightning arching away
from a tall object to less resistance and not following the object to the
ground. AVOID STANDING CLOSE TO TALL OBJECTS.
• Upward Leaders - 10-15% of all injuries - launched from the tops of
tall objects including people near each downward leader. Suppress
the tendency to launch a streamer by CROUCHING WHILE IN THE
LIGHTNING POSITION.
• Touch Volt - 3-5% of all injuries - caused by contacting voltage in
another object such as a wire or metal fence. AVOID CONTACT during
lightning storms.
• Direct Strike - 3-5% of all injuries - is the least common of all lightning
strike injuries. STRIVE TO MOVE TO SAFER TERRAIN.
Lightning Position
It is important to keep your feet together and touching. (Ground Current) If
possible move to a crouching position. (Upward Leaders) It is also acceptable
to sit on your backpack and pull your knees in to create the smallest contact
with the pack. The crew should try and spread out at least 30 feet apart. If
one member of your crew is jolted, the rest of you can give assistance. Keep
track of one another by numbering off in a loud voice from time to time. If
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you are in a tent and a lightning storm approaches, sit up on your foam pad
and pull your knees in to create the smallest contact with the ground. Be
sure to pitch your tent in an area that is protected from lightning strikes.
Beware of Flash Floods
In mountainous country, small streams can become raging rivers in a few
minutes or even seconds. It is important to be alert to the possibility of
flash floods and take steps to avoid a dangerous encounter. During and after
periods of heavy rain, stay away from natural drainage areas. Always know
where you are and how to get to higher ground. Watch for indicators of flash
flooding such as an increase in the speed or volume of stream flow.
Beware of areas directly affected by or downstream from lands impacted
by previous wildland fires. Pitch your tents on higher ground. Never attempt
to cross a stream that is over knee deep on anyone in the crew. Retreat to
the nearest staffed camp and request an itinerary change. Stay out of flood
waters and narrow canyons.
What to Do When Confused
When your crew hikes together, instead of spreading out over a long
distance on the trail, the possibility of anyone becoming confused is remote.
By using a map and a compass with reasonable proficiency, you will always
know where you are. Never allow one member of your crew to leave camp or
side hike alone. Follow the “rule of four” by always hiking together in groups
of four or more. If one person is injured, one treats the injured and the other
two go for help.
Philmont has many trails. If you become confused, it is best to stay put.
Make camp at a safe place, build a fire, and keep it going. (This should be
done very carefully during drought conditions.) This may help a search party.
Prepare your crew for a comfortable night. Extra food can boost the morale
of a confused crew.
Bears
Bears are a unique and natural part of the Philmont environment. Like
all wild animals they must be treated with respect. The black bear is not
normally aggressive, and many crews will not even see one.
Anything with an odor (except the human scent) may attract bears. It does
not matter if the odor is food-related. Any odor may generate a curiosity in
a bear which may result in a closer examination of that odor. At Philmont, all
items with a smell are placed in a bear bag and hung at night or during the
day when participating in program. It would be useful for each member of
the crew to have their own ditty bag with their personal smellables in it to
put in the bear bag. A few of these items are food, soaps, toothbrushes and
toothpaste, lip balm, sunscreen, mosquito repellent, film cartridges, and first
aid kits.
Good Scout camping practices are the best way to avoid contact with the
bears. Avoid carelessness that results in improperly disposed food. Store all
uneaten food in a bear bag. Do not put uneaten food in a latrine. Cook close
to the fire ring and away from the sleeping area. Clean up only at the sump.
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Never eat food in a tent—the odor remains after the food is gone. Tents must
be used for sleeping.
Human scent does not attract bears. The superficial application of scented
lotions, soaps, deodorants, shampoo, or spilled food may however, attract
the attention of bears. Washing the body with various products should be
done before mid-afternoon so that the residual smells have dissipated before
night. Avoid perfumed products with strong odors. Any clothing on which
food has been spilled must be placed away from the sleeping area at night.
Deodorant is not allowed on the trail. Use sunscreen and insect repellent in
time for odors to dissipate before night.
If a bear does visit your campsite, stay away from it and make noise.
Protect your food by hanging it from a cable erected by Philmont for that
purpose. Crews that stop for a program or a conservation project should
check with staff for bear procedures. Crews hiking off Philmont onto our
neighbors’ lands will need an extra rope for hanging bear bags. In Philmont
camps the weight of the rope alone is sufficient to carry it over the cable. On
neighbors’ property, where there are no cables, crews will be instructed to
put several handfuls of dirt in a bandanna, tie the corners and attach it to the
bear rope for a weight. Never risk injury by attempting to protect your food
or equipment from a bear. When you arrive at Philmont, your Ranger will
thoroughly train you on those camping practices that are most effective in
keeping wildlife away from your camp.
Rattlesnakes
Some parts of Philmont are inhabited by prairie rattlesnakes. They generally
live at elevations below 8,000 feet. Prairie rattlers are not aggressive unless
provoked and usually sound a warning rattle before striking. If you see one,
give it a respectful distance. Rattlesnakes are beneficial in controlling rodent
population. Do not attempt to kill one yourself—report it to the nearest staff
member. Rattlesnake bites are rare at Philmont.
Insects
During wet periods mosquitoes take a new lease on life and they love to
feast on young blood. Caution should be taken to prevent possible infection
by West Nile Virus. Keep tents zipped closed to reduce the number of
mosquitoes from entering. Insect repellent is recommended for the trail.
Philmont monitors the risk of any mosquito borne illnesses in our area.
Updated information will be shared at the Advisors Meeting upon arrival.
There are bees and wasps at Philmont. If you are allergic to stings, be sure
you have proper medication and that a crew member is informed of your
condition and the treatment you may require.

MEDICAL TREATMENT
Each crew carries its own first aid kit to treat minor cuts, scratches and
burns. Philmont requires that at least two persons in each crew be currently
certified in Wilderness First Aid and CPR (or equivalent). More serious
cases can be treated by Philmont’s trained Backcountry Staff. Backcountry
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staff work with Philmont Infirmary staff, which include physicians, nurses,
medical students, and trained emergency response staff. All staff camps have
two-way radios for reporting serious illnesses and injuries to the Infirmary.
The Infirmary can provide recommendations for treatment over the radio,
arrange transport to base, or send a medical team to the patient.
Everyone who gives first aid when blood or body fluids may be present
must wear protective gloves. Anyone who comes into contact with body
fluids or substances should immediately wash with soap and water skin
surfaces that came in contact with body fluids. Report it at the next staff
camp so that they can contact the Infirmary.
Several Philmont employees are certified by the New Mexico State Police
to serve as Field Coordinators for search and rescue operations. When
necessary, Philmont can request resources from throughout the state of New
Mexico and adjacent states including trained search and rescue personnel
(in addition to the Philmont staff), search dogs, trackers, helicopters and
other support. Philmont has written plans for managing different types
of emergencies that may arise. Staff are trained in how to respond to
emergencies that are most likely to occur.
The most common injuries/illnesses treated at the Philmont Infirmary are:
• Sprains (knee or ankle) • Upper Respiratory Infections
• Abrasions/Lacerations • Upset Stomach
• Altitude Sickness • Sore Throat
• Dehydration • Nose Bleeds
First aid providers should be knowledgeable in recognizing and treating
these ailments.
First Aid Kit
These items are recommended for a first aid kit to be used by a crew en
route to, during, and returning home from a Philmont trek.
25 Assorted Band-Aids Blister Kit
10 Gauze Pads 4x4 Antihistamines (Benadryl)
1 Tape Roll 1”x5 yards Disposable Alcohol Wipes
1 Elastic Bandage 4” Triple Antibiotic Ointment
Hydrocortisone Cream CPR Barrier Device
Tylenol Triangular Bandage
Ibuprofen Small Scissors
Antacids Throat Lozenges
Medicated Foot Powder Tweezers
Non-Latex Gloves Ziploc or Small Biohazard Bag
Charges for maintenance medication dispensed by the Infirmary must
be paid at the Registration Office. Many “over the counter” medicines and
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first aid supplies are available at the Tooth of Time Traders and backcountry
trading posts.
Camper Insurance Coverage
All campers and leaders are covered by a limited accident and sickness
plan through Health Special Risk, Inc. The policy has a maximum coverage
of $15,000 for medical benefits and $7,500 for sickness expense benefits
and includes an excess insurance provision. The plan will pay all eligible
expenses incurred from a covered accident or sickness not paid by any other
collectable insurance or pre-paid health plan. There is no deductible under
this plan.
Emergency Transportation Costs
Philmont can assist with transportation arrangements when a family
emergency (death or illness) occurs during an expedition requiring a
participant to return home, or if the participant must return home for
personal medical reasons. Be aware that transportation may not be available
on short notice and there could be a delay before a participant is able
to depart Philmont. Scouts, Scout leaders and advisors who must return
home before the end of their expedition because of illness or injury, or an
emergency at home, are responsible for transportation costs to the airport.
Travel costs need to be paid directly to Philmont. Crews should be prepared
to pay emergency transportation costs from their contingency fund. Philmont
will coordinate rides to: Albuquerque airport, Colorado Springs airport, and
Denver International Airport at a cost. Reimbursement of approved travel
costs and ticket change costs are covered by camper insurance.

PROGRAM FEATURES
Each itinerary is carefully developed to give your crew the maximum
enjoyment of hiking and camping in the high mountains of the Sangre de
Cristos. Itineraries also include certain staffed camps where you will pick
up food and participate in program features. Although programs are not
compulsory, they are recommended to get the most benefit from your
Philmont experience.
Archaeology
The Ponil country in the northern section is rich in the prehistoric
background of the American Indian. Your crew can help reconstruct Philmont
history while participating in this fascinating program and learning about
Indians who inhabited this area.
An educated archaeologist and staff explain and supervise the program
in the North Ponil Canyon at Indian Writings camp. Activities may include
assisting with excavations or preparing specimens and artifacts.
PLEASE NOTE: You can assist the archaeology program by being observant
as you hike the trails. You may discover an artifact that will lead to further
discoveries. Philmont’s antiquities rightfully belong to Philmont and are most
meaningful when left where found. Others can then share the benefit of your
discovery. Please report all finds to one of the staff archaeologists at Indian
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Writings, the National Scouting Museum, or Camping Headquarters.
ATV Rider Course
At Zastrow an ATV Rider Course will be available on one itinerary and
administered by Philmont’s All-Terrain Vehicle Safety Institute (ATVSI)
certified instructors. After completing the course, participants will take a trail
ride on a specially designed ATV trail and will complete an ATV trail building
conservation project. The ATV program is supported by Polaris Industries.
All riders must be age 14 or older, wear appropriate gear and complete
necessary paperwork per ATVSI and BSA safety standards. All riders must
provide and wear long pants, long sleeve shirts, and boots that protect the
ankles.
Blacksmithing
The ring of hammer striking iron echoes through the mountains around
Black Mountain, Cyphers Mine, French Henry, Metcalf Station, and Rayado/
Kit Carson. Here staff blacksmiths will acquaint you with a working forge,
blower, leg vice, hardie, and an array of tongs used to grip red-hot iron. They
will discuss and demonstrate techniques for firing the forge, working metal,
and tempering the finished product.
Burro Packing
No animal is more closely associated with the colorful history of the
Southwest than the burro. Burro packing methods are explained at
demonstrated at Ponil and Miranda. Your tents and food may be packed on
burrows using a diamond hitch.
Burros are available for use on the trail in the northern portion of the
ranch, starting or ending at Ponil and Miranda. Burro traps (holding pens for
overnight stops) are located at Ponil, Pueblano, Miranda, Elkhorn, Flume
Canyon, Head of Dean, and Baldy Skyline. Hay for feeding is provided at
these camps. If your itinerary provides for packing burros, take advantage of
this unique opportunity to pack them just as the miners once did. All crews
on a Burro Itinerary must take a burro.
Cantina
Abreu and Ponil offer the opportunity for a thirst-quenching root beer in a
Mexican or Western-style cantina. You can buy root beer for your whole crew
or a cup for yourself.
Challenge Events
A series of activities that will test the teamwork, skill, and resourcefulness
of your crew awaits you at Dan Beard, Head of Dean, and Urraca. While the
challenges can be met by every crew, the real contest is with yourself. Did you
do your best? How would you do better next time?
Chase Ranch
The Chase Ranch is located along the Ponil Creek adjacent to Philmont
Scout Ranch. It was founded by Manly and Teresa Chase in 1867 and has
been operated through four generations of family members. Beginning in
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November 2013, Philmont Scout Ranch established a special use permit with
the Chase Foundation and began operation of the Historic Chase Ranch.
A turnaround to begin and end treks is located near the Main House at the
Chase Ranch. Tours are offered of the 1871 house and surrounding grounds.
Several itineraries cross portions of the Chase Ranch and two Low Impact
Camps have been designated in Chase Canyon. A staffed camp has also
been added at the old Chase Cow Camp and will feature a rock climbing and
rappelling program.
Conservation
Some sites will offer the opportunity to perform timber stand improvement
work to Philmont’s forests. Philmont also offers opportunities for
involvement, participation, and observation of conservation practices. Most
conservation projects involve trail construction or repair, which is very
important in controlling erosion.
Three hours of conservation work under the supervision of a Philmont
Conservationist is expected of each camper to earn the Arrowhead Award.
Ten hours of conservation work is a requirement for the 50-Miler Award. The
3 hours earned at Philmont can be applied—the other 7 may be acquired
back home. Some crews elect to complete more hours during their trek.
Some crews complete all 10 hours at Philmont.
Philmont has a number of conservationists on its staff, each located
strategically throughout the backcountry. Logistics will identify the best
location for your crew to do your 3-hour project under the supervision of
one of the conservationists who will help you qualify for both the Arrowhead
Award and the partial of the 50-Miler Award.
Should your itinerary not provide for an area with a conservation site,
Logistics will identify an alternate project or a Camp Director at a staff camp
can outline an alternative project.
Continental Tie & Lumber Company
The exciting legend of the loggers with the Continental Tie and Lumber
Company will come to life through the staff at Pueblano and Crater Lake.
They will share their skills of spar pole climbing and the use of wood tools
and instruments. Competition in exciting logging events such as log toss,
cross-cut sawing, and log tong races will challenge your crew.
Demonstration Forest
Between Hunting Lodge and Clarks Fork, near Cito Reservoir, a
Demonstration Forest has been developed with the support of the American
Tree Farm Organization. Be sure your crew takes time to learn about the
forests and various forest practices taking place at Philmont. A visiting
Forester will be available to visit with crew.
Environmental Awareness
Become acquainted with some of the western birds, wildflowers, mammals,
lizards, snakes, and insects in this natural outdoor wonderland. Discover what
wildlife passed through camp by observing tracks and other signs—view how
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plant and animal species change as you climb higher into the mountains and
learn why these changes occur—walk past the timberline and observe the life
that survives the rigors of this high-altitude environment.
Across the Ranch, staff members will offer a program of environmental
awareness through Philmont’s STEM initiatives. These programs will help you
understand Philmont’s flora, fauna, geology, and life zones, and how that can
be a part of maintaining the natural order of things so others that follow can
enjoy them too.
A Philmont Field Guide is available at the Tooth of Time Traders. It will
enhance your environmental awareness during your trek.
A new staff camp, Garcia Cow Camp, will offer a hands-on approach in
wildlife conservation, environmental awareness, and wildlife habitat studies.
This program will be a living history program taught through the eyes of
Ernest Thompson Seton and his experiences in New Mexico in the late 1800’s
and will also connect with current methods and how Philmont strives to
preserve their own lands and the wildlife that thrive here.
Fly Tying and Fly Fishing
The Rayado and Agua Fria streams in the south offer excellent trout fishing.
Though not large, these trout are wary and exciting to catch as a part of
Philmont’s catch and release fishing programs. Fly rods may be checked out
at Hunting Lodge, Fish Camp, Abreu, and Phillips Junction.
At Fish Camp, a program counselor with material and equipment will show
you how to tie your own trout flies. The thrill of catching a trout on a fly
you have tied is hard to beat. Near Fish Camp, Phillips Junction, and Abreu
a catch-and-release program is in effect. If you don’t know how to remove
the hook from your fish, a program counselor will demonstrate the correct
methods. A tour of Waite Phillips’ fishing lodge, including a narrative of area
history is also offered. All fishermen are required to have a current New
Mexico state fishing license.
Geocaching
Geocaching combines map reading and GPS use to find specific points
where you can record your visit. Geocaching programs will take place at
Zastrow.
Also, at Zastrow, your crew will learn the latest techniques of land
navigation using a map, compass, and a GPS. Discover how a knowledge of
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) and latitude/longitude will improve
your navigation skills on your trek. The evening program features a Dutch
oven dessert and a rededication to the values of Scouting ceremony.
Geology
Philmont staff and volunteer geologists have teamed up to provide an
exciting and educational program of geology and mining technology at sites
where history comes alive—Cyphers Mine, Baldy Town, and French Henry.
Gold Mining and Panning
Gold is still found in almost all streams at Philmont, which was once the
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scene of lucrative gold-mining operations. Mine shafts, sluice boxes, and
placer mines dot the mountainsides and valleys. If your itinerary takes
you to Cyphers Mine or French Henry, you will tour a real gold mine. Not
working now, the mines are carefully maintained so you can tour the mine
shaft. Bring your jacket and a flashlight for the tour. Learn about adventures
and hardships as determined, past miners sought their fortunes in these
historic mountains. When you find some gold, ask one of the staff miners for
some cellophane tape so you can take your discovery home. Gold pans are
available for you to use at Cyphers Mine and French Henry. You may even
run across one of our Roving Prospectors; they will help you learn about gold
panning and prospecting too!
Homesteading
At Crooked Creek, Rich Cabins, and Abreu your crew will visit a working
homestead. The staff will help you learn early day skills such as rail splitting,
shingle making, primitive farming, log structure construction, and care of
farmyard animals. In keeping with the Southwestern spirit of the program,
you will be instructed in preparing a special Mexican meal at Abreu.

Horse Rides
Philmont owns and maintains a remuda of 300 western horses with strings
located at Beaubien, Clarks Fork, and Ponil. All three camps offer exhilarating
mountain horse rides at times noted on crew itinerary. Be prompt for your
scheduled ride. Reservations are made at Logistics on a first-come, first-
served basis upon arrival at Philmont (confirm times at Logistics). Philmont
wranglers are courteous but strict. They make certain everyone stays in line
and maintains the pace to avoid endangering members of your crew. Even
skilled riders cannot be permitted to ride at a different pace or away from
the group. Please cooperate with the wranglers by following instructions for
a safe and enjoyable ride. For your personal safety you will wear a helmet,
which will be provided. Ponchos and maps should not be taken since they
may frighten the horses. Wear long trousers on your horse ride to protect
your legs. Closed toe shoes are required to protect your feet. Persons
weighing over 200 pounds will not be permitted to ride.
Jicarilla Apache Life
Apache Springs offers a unique program featuring the lifestyle of the
Jicarilla Apache. You will see how the Jicarilla worked and played. A replica
Jicarilla village has been erected for this program. Teepees are furnished with
realistic fireplaces, back rests, robes, hides, and baskets for you to see.
3-D and Sporting Arrows programs will also be offered. After that, you can
enjoy a “Jicarilla sauna” in a sweat lodge, followed by dousing with cold water
(subject to fire restrictions).
Low Impact Camping
Wildland ethics depend upon attitude and awareness rather than on rules
and regulations. While at Dan Beard, Rich Cabins and other entry points
into the Valle Vidal, you will have the opportunity to learn how to enjoy
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wildland with respect to hiking, camping, eating meals, and disposal of
trash without leaving a scar or trace. You will also receive further “Leave No
Trace” information at Whiteman Vega, Ring Place, and Seally Canyon. Your
Wilderness Pledge Guia will help you learn the techniques of Leave No Trace.
Mountain Biking
Enjoy one of America’s fastest growing sports at Whiteman Vega as your
crew takes a wilderness mountain bike ride into the most remote areas of the
beautiful Valle Vidal Unit of the Carson National Forest. You will learn bike
maintenance, riding techniques, and bike trail construction.
Mountaineering
Although not a staff-sponsored program feature, mountaineering can be as
fun and exciting as any. Restless adventurers seek challenges, camaraderie,
spectacular views, fields of delicate wildflowers, stimulating exercise, and
solace by climbing high mountains. You can fulfill these urges at Philmont
where many challenging mountains await.
Mount Waite Phillips stands at 11,736 feet above sea level, towering over
the beautiful southwest section of Philmont. This peak is a rugged climb with
fabulous views of Eagle Nest Lake, Wheeler Peak (the highest peak in New
Mexico at 13,161 feet of elevation), and most of Philmont.
Baldy Mountain, named for its rocky, barren top, is a favorite climb for
those camping in the area at and around Baldy Town. Dotted with old gold
mines, Baldy Mountain is the highest peak at Philmont, standing at 12,441
feet above sea level. The view from the top is unobstructed and spectacular.
The Tooth of Time, the iconic incisor sitting at 9,003 feet of elevation, rises
abruptly 2,500 feet from the valley floor. A landmark among the old Santa Fe
Trail would signify to settlers moving out West that they were approximately
two weeks from arriving in Santa Fe.
Big Red, Black Mountain, Hart Peak, Lookout Peak, Trail Peak, and many
other peaks will test your stamina and give you breathtaking views of
surrounding terrain. Little Costilla Peak at 12,584 feet above sea level is
located in the Valle Vidal. Many false peaks will keep you guessing as you
work to reach the summit.
Always carry, water, rain gear, a jacket, and other essentials when
mountaineering.
Philmont Campfires
Throughout the backcountry, various staffed camps conduct special evening
campfires and programs.
Urraca, Pueblano, and Crater Lake campfires relate to the tales of the Old
West, logging, and the history of the land. Facts about the Beaubien-Miranda
Land Grant come alive, and the influence of Waite Phillips and his gift of
Philmont to the BSA provides for a special inspiration.
At Beaubien and Clarks Fork, the focus is on the Old West with its songs
and stories and true cowboy atmosphere. Ponil offers a nightly Old West
Cantina show.
At Cyphers Mine, the story of gold will ring through your ears as an
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interpreter relates the life and adventures of the miners of yesteryear at the
nightly “STOMP”.
At Metcalf Station, experience what it was like to build a railroad in the
early 1900’s. The sounds of mauls driving spikes, the “tick-tick” of the
telegraph, combined with the smell of coal burning in the blacksmith’s forge
will fill the air just like it did in 1907. Be ready for an exciting campfire to end
the day at one of Philmont’s newest staffed camps.
At Zastrow, experience the very moving Rededication to Scouting
ceremony. Also, at Rich Cabins enjoy the family gathering and hear some
stories and music regaling the life of the Rich family.
Conducting your own campfire can be equally stimulating, whether you are
camping at Vista Grande, Wild Horse, New Dean, or another trail camp. You
and your friends will enjoy the camaraderie that radiates from the warmth of
a Scouting campfire (fire restrictions may prevent building an actual fire).
Post-Civil War Settlers
Experience life as it was soon after the Civil War at this rustic settlement.
Shoot .58-caliber muzzle loading rifles, learn to do blacksmithing, and meet
former Fort Union soldiers. Black Mountain is one of Philmont’s very popular
living history camps.
Rendezvous
Catch some of the flavor of mountain man rendezvous while at Miranda.
Find out why rendezvous were held and what went on. See demonstrations
of the mountain man way of life and participate in some of these skills and
contests such as tomahawk throwing and muzzle-loading rifle.
Ring Ranch
Visit the historic Ring family home at Ring Place and learn about their way
of life during the early years. Astronomy is featured each night. Gaze through
a professional quality telescope to see the rings of Saturn, distant stars, and
moons. Learn how to predict the weather in a wilderness setting.
Rock Climbing
This fascinating and challenging sport is a favorite of all Philmont campers.
You will scale a steep pitch and rappel down a sheer cliff. Philmont has
carefully selected three areas to conduct this program where the rocks are
safe and practical, but a distinct “Class Five” challenge. Under the supervision
of expert climbers, you will climb using your hands and feet while protected
by rope and harness, carabiners, and a helmet. Safety is always stressed and
practiced.
Rock climbing is restricted to three locations: Miners Park, Cimarroncito,
and Chase Cow, and is only done under the supervision of Philmont rock
climbing staff.
Rocky Mountain Fur Company
At Clear Creek, several veteran trappers of the Rocky Mountain Fur
Company (portrayed by Philmont staff interpreters) have established an
outpost camp. Trapping was their way of life; however, it is not practiced
53
at Philmont today. See traps like those they used to catch beaver, muskrat,
raccoon, and bear. Hear about how they cured hides and see trade goods
which they used to purchase food and supplies.
Shooting Sports
• .30-06 Rifle Shooting – This program offers a review of firearms and
tips for successful and safe shooting. Wildlife conservation and game
management are discussed. Metallic silhouette targets provide a
challenging experience at Sawmill’s range. Each participant will reload
and fire three rounds.
• 12 Gauge Shotgun Shooting – Shooting trap takes skill, but with some
instruction and practice, you may find that you can hit clay birds. Each
participant at Santa Claus will reload and fire three rounds.
• Cowboy Action Shooting – This program is conducted at Ponil. Bring
the Old West to life in this exciting shooting sports activity. Participants
will shoot single-action army pistols, lever action rifles, and coach
shotguns.
• Muzzle Loading Rifle – You will use powder, patch, ball, ramrod, and cap
to actually load and shoot a .50 or .58-caliber muzzle-loading rifle. This
exciting, historic program is offered at Black Mountain, Clear Creek, and
Miranda.
• Additional rounds may be purchased at three for $1.00 depending on
availability and crew loads.
Western Lore
Philmont is an operating western cattle ranch. Cowboys still watch over
cattle on horseback and drive them from their winter pasture on the plains to
high mountain meadows for summer grazing. While you hike on trails, look
for the white-faced Hereford cattle. Though not wild, they are best observed
from a distance. A cow with calf may become dangerous if she feels her calf is
threatened. To chase or attempt to rope this animal is foolish and can result
in serious injury. Watch and photograph them if you wish.
An organized western lore program is offered at Beaubien, Ponil, and
Clarks Fork. Horse riding, campfires, and branding are all part of the western
lore program. Philmont cowboys will tell you about New Mexico’s cattle
industry. Using authentic western lariats, they will show you how to rope.
The cowboy’s garb and equipment will be displayed and explained. After a
hearty chuck wagon dinner that you will help prepare, you will gather around
a campfire under the western sky for an evening of songs, guitar playing, and
stories of the Old West at Beaubien or Clarks Fork. Ponil campers will gather
at the Cantina for a Wild West Cantina Show.
Special Trail Meals
The programs at Clarks Fork, Ponil, and Beaubien include a special chuck
wagon dinner. A Mexican homestead meal is included at Abreu. Members of
your crew will help prepare these meals. At Zastrow, crews will be treated
when they create their own Dutch oven cobbler dessert.

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STEM
Philmont has incorporated STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Math) activities at many of the backcountry staff camps. The STEM activities
will provide interesting information and insights that will allow you to obtain
a deeper understanding of the programs that you participate in. Watch for
these fun experiences along your trek.
Wilderness Medicine/Search and Rescue/GPS Technology
This exciting, informative program at Seally Canyon and Carson Meadows
will enable your crew to “Be Prepared” to meet emergency first aid needs in
a true wilderness environment. Every year, many people become lost in the
outdoors. Scouts are often called upon to help search for these people. Your
crew will enjoy learning how to correctly conduct an organized search. The
staff will share highlights of the Search and Rescue Merit Badge.

CAMPS AND PROGRAM FEATURES

CAMPS - NORTH COUNTRY PROGRAM FEATURES
Anasazi Trail Camp, Ranger Training
BALDY TOWN Food Pick-up, Trading Post, Museum,
Geology, Gold Assaying, Fuel
Bent Ranger Training
Black Horse, Copper Park, Side hike Baldy Mountain
Ewells Park, Ute Meadows
Chase Canyon Trail Camp, Ranger Training
CHASE COW Rock Climbing, Rappelling, Bouldering
DAN BEARD Challenge Course, Low Impact Camping
Dean Cutoff Trail Camp, Ranger Training
Dean Skyline Trail Camp, Ranger Training
Flume Canyon Trail Camp, Ranger Training
FRENCH HENRY Mine Tour, Blacksmithing, Gold Mining
and Panning, Geology
HEAD OF DEAN Challenge Course
Hells Fire Canyon Trail Camp, Ranger Training
House Canyon Trail Camp, Ranger Training
INDIAN WRITINGS Trail Camp, Ranger Training, Archaeology,
Atl-Atl, Petroglyph Tour
Little Twin Trail Camp, Ranger Training

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Maxwell Trail Camp, Ranger Training
McBride Canyon Trail Camp, Ranger Training
METCALF STATION Railroading, Blacksmithing, Handcar,
Telegraph, Campfire
MIRANDA Muzzle-Loading Rifle, Burro Packing,
Mountain Man Rendezvous, Tomahawks
PONIL Horse Rides, Burro Packing, Cantina Show,
Western Lore, Food Pick-up, Trading Post,
Chuck Wagon Dinner, Cowboy Action
Shooting, Fuel
PUEBLANO Continental Tie & Lumber Company,
Evening Campfire, Spar Pole Climbing, Tie
Making
RICH CABINS Homesteading, Animal Care, Food Pick-up,
Evening Family Gathering
Sioux Trail Camp, Ranger Training

CAMPS - CENTRAL COUNTRY PROGRAM FEATURES

Arrowhead Trail Camp, Ranger Training
BLACK MOUNTAIN Post-Civil War Settlers-backwoods skills,
Muzzle-Loading Rifle, Blacksmithing
Cathedral Rock Trail Camp, Ranger Training
CIMARRONCITO Rock Climbing, Rappelling, Food Pick-up,
Fuel
CLARKS FORK Horse Rides, Western Lore, Chuck Wagon
Dinner, Evening Campfire
CLEAR CREEK Rocky Mountain Fur Company, Muzzle-
Loading Rifle, Trapping, Tomahawks
CYPHERS MINE Mine Tour, Blacksmithing, Gold Mining
and Panning, Geology, Evening STOMP
HUNTING LODGE Lodge Tour, History of Waite Phillips,
Demonstration Forest, Fishing
Ponderosa Park Trail Camp, Ranger Training
SANTA CLAUS 12-Gague Shotgun Shooting and Shotshell
Reloading
SAWMILL .30-06 Rifle Shooting and Cartridge
Reloading, Food Pick-up, Fuel
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Upper Clarks Fork Trail Camp, Ranger Training

CAMPS - SOUTH COUNTRY PROGRAM FEATURES

ABREU Mexican Homestead, Cantina, Animal
Care, Mexican Dinner
Aguila Trail Camp, Ranger Training
APACHE SPRINGS Jicarilla Apache Life, Sweat Lodge, 3-D and
Sporting Arrows (Trap Archery), Food Pick-
up, Trading Post, Fuel
Backache Springs Trail Camp, Ranger Training
BEAUBIEN Horse Rides, Western Lore, Chuck Wagon
Dinner, Evening Campfire
CRATER LAKE Continental Tie & Lumber Company,
Spar Pole Climbing, Tie Making, Evening
Campfire
CARSON MEADOWS Search and Rescue, Wilderness Medicine
CROOKED CREEK Homesteading, Animal Care, Candle
Making
FISH CAMP Fly Tying and Fly Fishing, Lodge Tour
GARCIA COW CAMP Environmental Awareness, Habitat
Studies, Teachings of Ernest Seaton
Thompson, Lobo History
Herradira Trail Camp, Ranger Training
Lovers Leap Trail Camp, Ranger Training
MINERS PARK Rock Climbing, Rappelling, Food Pick-up
Old Abreu Trail Camp, Ranger Training
Olympia Trail Camp, Ranger Training
PHILLIPS JUNCTION Food Pick-up, Trading Post, Fuel
Rayado River Trail Camp, Ranger Training
RAYADO/KIT CARSON Historic Tour, Blacksmithing, LaPosta Store,
Tomahawks, Weaving, Woodworking
Rimrock Park Trail Camp, Ranger Training
Toothache Springs Trail Camp, Ranger Training
URRACA Challenge Course, Philmont Story, Evening
Campfire

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 ZASTROW Land and Navigation, Geocaching,
Dutch Oven Cooking, Scout Dedication
Ceremony, ATV Rider Course & Trail Ride,
Rededication to Scouting Ceremony

CAMPS - VALLE VIDAL PROGRAM FEATURES

WHITEMAN VEGA Mountain Biking, Leave No Trace,
Conservation
RING PLACE Food Pick-up, Leave No Trace,
Conservation, Astronomy, Weather
SEALLY CANYON Wilderness Medicine/Search and
Rescue, GPS Technology, Leave No Trace,
Conservation

PHILMONT MUSEUMS
Exhibits at the four Museums recount and interpret its rich historical past as
well as the story of the Boy Scouts of America. They are open every day, and
you will have opportunity to visit them either at the beginning or end of your
trek. There is no admission charge.
National Scouting Museum at Philmont Scout Ranch
The Museum houses history of the Boy Scouts of America, Philmont Scout
Ranch, and the Southwest. It is located at Headquarters. The Seton Memorial
Library will be located in the National Scouting Museum and is home to the
personal art, library and anthropological collections of the founder and first
Chief Scout of the Boy Scouts of America, Ernest Thompson Seton.
The Museum Gift Shop carries a wide variety of Native American
jewelry, carvings, blankets, Southwestern books, and other specialty items
appropriate as mementos of your Philmont trek.
Kit Carson Museum – Rayado
Philmont lies on part of a land grant given to Carlos Beaubien and
Guadalupe Miranda by the Mexican government in 1841. Mountain man
Lucien Maxwell founded a colony on the grant on the Rayado River in 1848.
A year later he was joined at the settlement by frontiersman Kit Carson. In
1951 the Boy Scouts of America constructed an adobe museum at Rayado to
serve as an interpretive area to portray its history. It was named in honor of
Kit Carson.
Staff at Kit Carson Museum dress in period clothing and demonstrate
frontier skills and crafts like blacksmithing, cooking, weaving, and farming.
Each room in the Museum is outfitted with reproduction furniture and
objects typical of New Mexico in the 1850s. The Rayado Trading Company,
located in La Posta at the Museum, sells books, maps, reproduction tools and
equipment, moccasins, and blankets. Tour the historic Maxwell-Abreu house
which dates from around 1849.
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 Kit Carson Museum is located seven miles south of Headquarters. Bus
transportation to and from the Museum is available from Headquarters each
day. Large groups should schedule with Logistics Services before leaving to
the Kit Carson Museum.
Rayado is a registered historical site on the Santa Fe National Historic Trail.
Villa Philmonte
When Waite Phillips gave Philmont Ranch to the Boy Scouts of America in
1941, he included in the gift his palatial home, the Villa Philmonte. Philmont
maintains and preserves the “Big House” as a memorial to Phillips and his
generosity to the Boy Scouts. It is listed on the National Register of Historic
Places. Tours of the Villa may be scheduled at the National Scouting Museum.
Chase Ranch House Museum
Since 2013, Philmont has managed the historic Chase Ranch, founded
in 1869 and operated successfully by the Chase family for over 140 years.
The Ranch is famous for its role in establishing the ranching industry in
the New Mexico territory as well as hosting famous visitors such as Lew
Wallace and Clay Allison. The Ranch House, built in 1871, is open for tours
daily. Knowledgeable staff help visitors experience this important piece of
western history, showcasing everything from dinosaur bones and local Native
American relics to ranching equipment and fine art.
The Chase Ranch House is located 7 miles north of Headquarters. Bus
transportation may be available depending on availability. Arrangements for
this transportation may be scheduled with Logistics while in Base Camp.

MORE PHILMONT SUPER ACTIVITIES

Applications are available at www.PhilmontScoutRanch.org, by calling (575)
376-2281, or emailing [email protected]. In addition to
regular 7, 9, and 12-day expeditions, Philmont offers the following activities:
Cavalcades
Philmont cavalcades are similar to a regular Expedition except that you ride
horses instead of backpacking. Imagine riding horses through the rugged
mountain wilderness like the famous trappers who first explored the West.
Eight-day cavalcades with 10 to 15 persons per crew are offered on specific
dates each summer. Persons weighing over 200 pounds will not be permitted
to ride.
Mountain Men/Mountain Women Treks
Mountain Men or Mountain Women treks are 6-day hiking Expeditions
for the children of Philmont Training Center participants. Participation in
the Mountain Trek program is for those young men and women who are at
least 14 years of age or have completed the eighth grade and are at least 13
prior to attendance but are not yet 21. Groups of five to ten young people
are organized into crews and placed under the capable leadership of two
of Philmont’s experienced Rangers. Mountain Treks start each Sunday and
coincide with the Philmont Training Center conference schedule.
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Rayado Men and Women
Young men and women who have a great desire for adventure have the
opportunity to participate in Philmont’s most challenging experience – the
Rayado program. Many miles of rugged trails and high peaks await those who
become Rayado participants. On Rayado you’ll learn new leadership skills,
advance trekking and camping skills, and see parts of Philmont you didn’t
know existed. If you liked your regular trek, or if you have never been to
Philmont before and have always wanted to, you’ll love Rayado. The program
is designed specifically to challenge one’s mental and physical abilities.
Rayado Men and Women learn the true meaning of adventure, fun, and
“expecting the unexpected”.
The most qualified Rayado participants often become part of the
elite Philmont staff in future seasons as Rangers, backcountry staff, and
headquarters staff.
Outstanding young men and women, at least 15 years of age but not yet
21, are eligible to participate in the Rayado program. Two 20-day treks
are offered each summer. They are not coed. Leadership is provided by
Philmont’s most experienced Rangers.
Roving Outdoor Conservation School (ROCS)
The Roving Outdoor Conservation School (ROCS) is an exciting program
at Philmont Scout Ranch for Scouts and Venturers who have an interest
in conservation and natural resource management. Participants will enjoy
a 21-day trek at Philmont. The School will offer each participant in-depth
experiences in Conservation and Environmental Science. As the crew hikes
the ranch, they will camp in many of the different forest types and participate
in activities in the following areas: forestry, fire ecology, insects, fisheries
management, wildlife management, geology, plant identification and
dendrology, watershed management and range management. In addition,
part of the trek will practice “Leave No Trace” and “Tread Lightly” techniques.
The program is not simply working on various conservation projects and
hiking, ROCS is ultimately a journey that challenges Scouts and Venturers in
education, in service, and in adventure. ROCS participants must be 16 years
of age but not yet 21.
Order of the Arrow Trail Crew
The OATC is an opportunity to join other Arrowmen in cheerful service and
the formation of lasting brotherhood on the trails of Philmont Scout Ranch.
The program is a fourteen-day experience.
The first week focuses on trail construction and maintenance. The second
week is a seven-day backpacking trek that is designed by the participants.
OATC is ultimately a journey that challenges Scouts mentally, physically and
spiritually. OATC participants must be 16 years of age but not yet 21.
Trail Crew Trek
TCT is a 14-day adventure focused on learning good trail construction and
maintenance techniques while hiking across the Ranch. Participants will
be challenged to work toward achieving the Silver Award of the William
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T. Hornaday Conservation Award. Leave No Trace techniques will also be
stressed. Crews will be organized as coed crews to support the Venturing
Program as well as the Boy Scouting program. TCT participants must be 16
years of age but not yet 21.
Ranch Hands
A program for Scouts and Venturers who have knowledge of horsemanship
and horse care and want to expand their skills and experience. Limited to a
select number of older Scouts, Ranch Hands crew will spend 8 days helping
the Horse Department staff with hay hauling, saddling, chores and other
horse program tasks, and then participate in their own special Cavalcade
itinerary trek for 8 days. Ranch Hands participants must be 16 years of age
but not yet 21.
STEM Trek
The STEM Trek is an exciting program for Scouts and Venturers that are
looking to enjoy a 12-day trek throughout Philmont’s rugged mountain
wilderness in the Sangre De Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains, while
learning about Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math in the process.
Hike and learn about forestry, wildlife management, geology, botany,
watershed management, physics, chemistry, astronomy, stream ecology, and
range management. STEM Trek participants will hike alongside Philmont Staff
with academic backgrounds in the subject matter and who have experience
with outdoor education. STEM Trek participants must be 14 years of age or
have completed the eighth grade and are at least 13 prior to attendance but
not yet 21.

RELIGIOUS SERVICES
Philmont works with all religious faiths to make possible and encourage
full compliance with the 12th point of the Scout Law. “A Scout is reverent.
He is reverent toward God. He is faithful in his religious duties and respects
the convictions of others in matters of custom and religion”. Responsibility
for fulfilling religious obligations rests with each Expedition Advisor, with the
assistance of a Chaplain’s Aide and with each crew member for himself.
Chaplains of Protestant, Catholic, LDS, and Jewish traditions conduct
services each day at 7 p.m. at Camping Headquarters. The Tooth of Time
Traders and Cantina are closed to avoid conflict with this Philmont religious
hour.
Your Advisor and Chaplain’s Aide will receive a schedule of other worship
services. Your crew may also request a special worship service, which can be
arranged if the location is accessible and the schedule permits a chaplain to
be there.
Each participant will receive a copy of “Eagles Soaring High”. It contains
daily meditations and is an excellent trail worship book. It will help you
conduct a worship service when you are in a remote area of your Philmont
itinerary.

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Catholic
Catholic chaplains are selected by the National Catholic Committee
on Scouting. They are available for religious services, conferences, and
confessions. Daily masses are celebrated at Camping Headquarters. Masses
are conducted at outlying camps upon request. Scouts and Scouters of
Catholic faith who cannot attend Sunday or weekend mass due to great
distances between their camps and the place of mass may fulfill their
obligation (through a special privilege granted by the Archbishop of Santa
Fe) by attending a daily mass at Camping Headquarters the evening before
departing for the trail or the evening they return to headquarters from the
trail.
Jewish
The National Jewish Committee on Scouting selects a Jewish chaplain who
will conduct services and provide for your religious needs. If you require
kosher food, you should make arrangements to get the required food shipped
to Philmont before your arrival (or bring it with you). Philmont will deliver it
to the appropriate commissaries on your itinerary.
LDS
An LDS chaplain is appointed by the National LDS Committee on Scouting.
The chaplain may be contacted to arrange for special services, counsel, or
religious services trail kits. Services are held at headquarters each evening.
Protestant
Protestant chaplains are secured from various National Protestant Religious
Committees. They conduct Protestant services every evening at Camping
Headquarters and at some backcountry camps on weekends. Special
backcountry services can be arranged.

FINAL PROCESSING AT CAMPING HEADQUARTERS

At your last camp, be sure to scour your pots and pans thoroughly before
you return them to Camping Headquarters. After breaking camp on the
morning of the 12th day, you will hike to a designated pickup point, where a
Philmont bus will return you to headquarters—unless you are scheduled to
hike in along Tooth Ridge. Do not return to Camping Headquarters until the
date and time indicated on your itinerary. Meals and accommodations for
your crew are not available until that time.
At Camping Headquarters
You will:
1. Be assigned tents at the Welcome Center or Outfitting Services (First
Stop)
2. Take care of your laundry, return crew gear to Outfitting Services
3. Eat in the dining hall as indicated on your itinerary
4. Have an opportunity to buy souvenirs from the Tooth of Time Traders
5. Participate in the evening “awards campfire”
6. Remove your equipment from your locker
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Advisors should also:
1. Check in at CHQ Registration for your crew’s photos, medical forms, and
items left for safekeeping. This is where your Crew Leader should return
your wildlife census card and First Aid Log. You may also turn in the Trail
of Courage pledge and receive your free patches.
2. Pay any acquired trail charges at the Tooth of Time Traders.
3. Pick up and distribute your mail from the Base Camp Mail Room
4. Receive certification toward the 50-Miler Award from Logistics (need
Crew Leader copy)
5. Return equipment to Outfitting Services
Homebound – Morning of the 13th Day
A “continental breakfast” is available at 5:45 a.m. for those crews who
have made prior arrangements. After checking out of tent city (please leave
it clean for campers who will follow), you will load your gear on your vehicle
near the Welcome Center.
Memories – Keep a Journal
Many individuals and crews keep a log of interesting events that occurred
during their Expedition. Memories of your Philmont adventure will live on
for years to come when you read the record of your trek. You will recall
happy times—when you rode horses over a scenic trail or when you finally
conquered Mount Phillips—and trying ones—like the day it rained or the
night your tent fell in a windstorm.
Each participant will be issued a Passport Journal to collect stamps from
backcountry camps and to journal their adventure at Philmont. You are
welcome to submit the highlights from your journal to the Welcome Center
and they might be shared at closing campfire or lead to bigger adventures
around the world!
The Philmont Challenge
Philmont means more than just a series of scenic mountain camps or a
collection of exciting programs. It is more than just a physical challenge.
It is an experience in living together and cooperating with others under
sometimes difficult circumstances. It is learning to surmount the challenges
of hiking and camping at high altitudes and learning to live in harmony with
nature. You may get soaked to the skin in torrential downpour. You will
breathe harder and faster than ever before in climbing a ridge or mountain,
and after that you may even burn your supper. But you will make it, even
though there will be times when you feel as if you can go no further.
In conquering these challenges, you will gain confidence and a belief in
your ability and go on to even greater achievements. This new knowledge
of yourself will inspire you to do something for your fellow man, your God,
and your country. Now is the time to act! Set your goals high and resolve
to achieve them. You can do it. You will be better for it and your Philmont
experience will become even more meaningful. It will never really end.

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 FALL AND WINTER PROGRAMS
Want to come back to Philmont? Try some of our exciting programs offered
during the fall and winter months! See Philmont in a different season, enjoy
the colors of fall, the snow in winter, and exciting programs that explore the
backcountry of Philmont and offer specialized training.
Autumn Adventure
Experience hiking in Philmont Scout Ranch’s backcountry in beautiful
New Mexico fall weather, when the aspen trees change to gold! A trained
Philmont guide will accompany your group to areas where you can enjoy the
splendor of fall color. Autumn Adventure treks are scheduled from September
through October. Each trek can be scheduled to fit the schedule of the group
attending and can vary from a leisurely day hike to an extended backpacking
expedition.
Winter Adventure
Participants in Winter Adventure learn to camp comfortably in cold weather
and enjoy Philmont’s beauty in winter. Crews hike through the backcountry,
sleep in tents or snow shelters, and participate in activities such as cross-
country skiing, snow shelter building and winter ecology. Expeditions can be
scheduled for a weekend or a full week to match schools’ spring breaks.
Autumn & Winter 7-Day Treks
7-Day Treks are now available during these seasons and offer a special
opportunity to earn a new Philmont Arrowhead Award and qualify for the
Triple Crown and Grand Slam of High Adventure.

STAFF OPPORTUNITIES
Philmont hires more than 1,100 seasonal staff members every summer.
All staff members must be 18 years of age or older. If you’re interested, visit
www.PhilmontScoutRanch.org/jobs for more information. First time staff
are asked to select at least one base camp position (Food Service, Welcome
Center, Housekeeping, Activities, etc.)
The following departments have several positions available every summer:
• Office Staff • Ranch Dept • Marketing & • Philmont
• Food Service • Museum Photo Service Training
• Commissary • Security • Logistics Center
• Trading Post • Ranger Dept • Medical • Backcountry
• Maintenance • Conservation • Activities Programs

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 PHILMONT TRAINING CENTER
Conferences and Training
The Philmont Training Center (PTC) is the national volunteer training center
for the Boy Scouts of America. Each year a variety of programs are offered to
scouting professionals and their families. Valuable training and conferences
provide support and networking for scout leaders.

Family Adventure Camp

BSA Family Adventure Camp is a unique chance to experience the Philmont
Scout Ranch like never before! Open to all registered members of the BSA
and their families, you will have a chance to participate in all of the incredible
activities offered at Philmont which include: Hiking, Craft Center, Shooting
Sports, COPE, Horseback Riding and so much more! Make memories with
your family that will last a lifetime.

MEANINGS AND PRONUNCIATIONS

Philmont has a strong Spanish heritage. Derived from a Spanish land grant,
Philmont and vicinity is inhabited by many Spanish descendants. New Mexico
is by law a bilingual state; both Spanish and English are officially recognized
and commonly spoken. The following is to help you understand and correctly
pronounce frequently used Philmont names, most of which have Spanish
origins.
Abreu................................................................................................Ah-bray-you
Agua Fria (cold water)................................................................Ah-wah Free-ah
Aguila (eagle)........................................................................................ Ah-ghe-la
Beaubien.......................................................................................... Bow-bee-en
Bonita (beautiful).......................................................................... Bow-knee-tah
Caballo (horse).................................................................................. Cah-bye-yo
Cimarroncito (little wild one).......................................... Seam-mar-ron-see-toe
Conejo (rabbit)................................................................................ Con-nay-hoe
Cyphers.................................................................................................. Sigh-furs
Ewells...................................................................................................... You-ulls
Guia (Guide).............................................................................................Gee-ah
Jicarilla........................................................................................ Hic-are-ree-yah
Opportunidad (opportunity)...........................................Op-pore-tune-ee-dahd
Ponil..................................................................................................... Poe-kneel
Pueblano (little village)................................................................. Pweb-lawn-oh
Rayado (streaked).............................................................................. Rey-ah-doe
Sangre de Cristo (blood of Christ)......................................San-gray day Cris-toe
Sombra (shadow)...............................................................................Sohm-brah
Urraca (magpie)................................................................................ You-rock-ah
Valle Vidal (valley of life)............................................................. Va-yeh Vee-dal
Villa Philmonte................................................................... Vee-yah Fill-mon-tay
Visto Grande (magnificent view)............................................Vees-toe Gran-day

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 INDEX
A
Accidents · 39 First Aid Kit · 24, 26, 44, 46
Advisor’s Meeting · 29 Fishing Licenses · 18
Arriving · 26 Flash Floods · 44
Autumn Adventure · 64 Food Pickups · 32
Awards · 6, 7 Fuel 16-18, 24, 56, 57
B G
Backpacking Stoves · 16 GPS · 15, 50, 55, 58
Bearmuda Triangle · 33, 34 Group Dynamics · 39
Boots · 19, 21
H
C Harassment · 5
Cavalcades · 59 Health & Safety
Check-In · 27 Altitude Sickness · 38, 46
Clothing · 17 Dehydration · 37, 46
Cooking · 32 Hantavirus · 38
Crew Photo · 27 Heat Exhaustion · 37
Heat Stroke · 37
D Hyperventilation · 37
Day One · 27 Hypothermia · 37
Day Three · 30 Medical Recheck · 28
Day Two · 29 Plague · 39
Dehydration · 39, 46 Stress · 39
Dining Hall · 29 Sunburn · 38
Dishwashing · 40 Height/Weight Chart · 9
Drinking Water · 40 History · 4
Drones · 43 Homebound · 62
E Horse Rides · 51
Emergency I
Locator Devices · 15 Insects · 45
Medication · 8 Insurance Coverage · 47
Telephone · 10 Itinerary · 9
Transportation · 47
Equipment L
Crew · 24 Latrines · 41
Personal · 20 Laundry · 28
Philmont Issued · 25 Lightning · 43
Essentials for Hiking · 26 Leave No Trace 4, 7, 30, 35, 52, 60
Expedition Number · 10, 20, 33 Location · 4
Lockers · 29
F Logistics · 28
Family Adventure Camp 65 Lost & Found · 20, 29
Firearms · 41
Fires · 32, 35, 41 M
Fireworks · 41 Mail · 10
66
Map & Compass · 15, 26, 30 ROCS · 60
Medical Record · 5, 8 S
Money · 18, 22 Security · 29
Mountain Treks · 59 Shakedown · 28
Museums · 58 Sleeping Bags · 19
O Smart Phones · 42
OA Trail Crew · 60 Socks · 19, 21, 36
Opening Program · 29 Staff · 5, 64
Organizing Your Crew ·11 STEM Trek · 61
Outfitting Services · 28 Sumps · 40

P T
Packs · 14 Tent Assignment · 27, 62
Patrol Method · 10 Tents · 13, 33, 35
Philmont Training Center 65 Tobacco · 41
Photo Release · 6 Trading Posts 16, 22, 31, 47, 55
Physical Training · 9 Trail Crew Trek · 60
Program · 5, 47, 55, 63 Trail of Courage · 7
Training Center · 8, 65
R Turkey Bags · 23, 33
Ranch Hands · 61
Ranger · 27, 30 W
Rattlesnakes · 45 Weather · 17
Rayado · 60 Welcome Center · 27, 62
Registrar · 27 Wildlife · 4
Religious Services · 61 Winter Adventure · 64

VISIT THE OFFICIAL PHILMONT STORE:

ToothOfTimeTraders.com

VISIT PHILMONT ONLINE:

PhilmontScoutRanch.org
facebook.com/PhilmontScoutRanch
instagram.com/PhilmontScoutRanch
youtube.com/PhilmontScoutRanch
twitter.com/Philmont

67
 PHILMONT GRACE
For Food
For Raiment
For Life
For Opportunity
For Friendship and Fellowship
We Thank Thee O Lord

PHILMONT HYMN
Silver on the sage,
Starlit skies above,
Aspen covered hills,
Country that I love.

Philmont here’s to thee,

Scouting Paradise,
Out in God’s Country,
Tonight.

Wind in whispering pines,

Eagles soaring high,
Purple mountains rise,
Against an azure sky.

Philmont here’s to thee,

Scouting Paradise,
Out in God’s Country,
Tonight.

Cover Photos from 2019 Staff Photo Contest

Outside Cover by Garrett O’Keefe
Inside Cover by Eric Smallwood
68