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Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun Department of General Sturdies

This document contains instructions and questions for an examination in Introduction to Statistics. It includes 6 questions testing concepts like simple regression analysis, probability, distributions, measures of central tendency and dispersion. Students are asked to perform calculations using sample data provided, draw graphs, define key statistical terms, and interpret results.

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Bright Ajibade
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62 views2 pages

Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun Department of General Sturdies

This document contains instructions and questions for an examination in Introduction to Statistics. It includes 6 questions testing concepts like simple regression analysis, probability, distributions, measures of central tendency and dispersion. Students are asked to perform calculations using sample data provided, draw graphs, define key statistical terms, and interpret results.

Uploaded by

Bright Ajibade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PETROLEUM TRAINING INSTITUTE, EFFURUN

DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL STURDIES


Examination: First Semester, 2016/2017 Session
Course Code: STA 111
Course Title: Introduction to Statistics
Programmes: NDI Science and Engineering
Time: 2½hrs. Date: 16th March, 2017
Examiner: Ajibade, F. B and Chinaka, U.
Instructions:
 Answer four Questions Only.
 Use black ink. Pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only.
 Read each question carefully and make sure that you know what you have to do before starting your answer.
 Do not write in the bar codes.
 You are permitted to use a graphical calculator in this paper.
 Final answers should be given to a degree of accuracy appropriate to the context.

QUESTION 1(a): (i) Define simple Regression analysis. (ii) In the context of regression, differentiate between
the following: dependent and independent variable, interpolation and extrapolation.

(b). A metallurgist measured the length, l mm, of a copper rod at various temperatures, t °C, and recorded the
following results.

t 20.4 27.3 32.1 39.0 42.9 49.7 58.3 67.4


l 2461.12 2461.41 2461.73 2461.88 2462.03 2462.37 2462.69 2463.05
The results were then coded such that x = t and y = l – 2460.00.
(i) Calculate correlation coefficient for the above data and what type of relationship exist between X and Y.
(ii) Find the equation of the regression line of y on x in the form y = a + bx. (iii) Estimate the length of the rod
at 40 0C. (iv) Find the equation of the regression line of l on t. (v) Estimate the length of the rod at 90 0C.
(vi) Comment on the reliability of your estimate in part (v).

QUESTION 2(a): (i) Define the term 'probability' (ii) Are mutually exclusive events also independent?
(iii) What is meant by the expression` equally likely outcomes`? (iv) What are independent events?

QUESTION 2(b): An auto workshop recorded the following faults from the 1,500 vehicle it serviced in a
year. No vehicle had more than one fault.
Type of fault Steering fault Engine problem Electrical problem Tyre defects Total
Number of vehicles 48 24 6 12 90
(i) Find the probability that a fault would be detected in a vehicle brought into the workshop for servicing.
(ii). If a fault is detected, what is the probability that it is either an electrical fault or a tyre defect?
(iii). If a recorded fault is not a steering problem, what is the probability that it is tyre defect?
QUESTION 2(c): Seventy percent of all vehicles examined at a certain emissions inspection station pass the
inspection. Assuming that successive vehicles pass or fail independently of one another, calculate the following
probabilities. (i). P(all of the next three vehicles inspected pass)
(ii) P(at least one of the next three inspected fail) (iii) P(exactly one of the next three inspected passes)
(iv) P(at most one of the next three vehicles inspected passes)
(v) Given that at least one of the next three vehicles passes inspection, what is the probability that all three
pass?

QUESTION: 3(a) Steam – cracking naphta yielded the following petrochemicals in the percentages shown:
Ethylene 23%, propylene 16%, Butane 9%, butadiene 5%, fuel Gas 15%, steam cracked Naphtha 26% and Fuel
oil 6%. Display this information on an accurate pie chart, marking the angles and naming each sector clearly.

QUESTION: 3(b): Table 1 shows the frequency distribution of the scores of a group of students in a game
during the last student’s week.
Score 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69
NO. of students 1 2 8 12 K 1
(i) It is given that the median score of the distribution is 42. Calculate the value of k.
(ii) Using a graph paper with a scale of 2 cm to 10 scores on the horizontal axis and 2 cm to 2 students on the
vertical axis, draw a histogram to represent the frequency distribution of the scores and find the modal score.
(iii) What is the modal score if the score of each students increased by 5?

QUESTION 4(a): Define normal distribution, what are the properties? (ii) Define Poisson distribution. What
are its characteristics?
4(b): A company which supplies ready-mix concrete receives on average 6 orders per day. What is the
probability that on a given day: (i) No orders will be received? (ii) not more than 2 orders will be received?
(iii) at least 3 orders will be received?
(iv) What is the probability that, on a given half-day, no orders will be received?
(v) What is the mean and standard deviation of orders received per day?
4(c): The manufacturer of a new brand of Lithium battery claims that the mean life of a battery is 3,800 hours
with a standard deviation of 250 hours.
(i) What percentage of batteries will last for more than 3,500 hours?
(ii) What percentage of batteries will last for more than 4,000 hours?
(iii) If 700 batteries are supplied, how many should last between 3,500 and 4,000 hours?

QUESTION(5) A contractor engaged in building part of a sewer tunnel claimed that the rock was harder than
described in his contract with a Local government Council in Nigeria and thus more work was required to
construct the tunnel than anticipated. An independent company made tests to verify the contractor’s claim.
Among these were uniaxial compressive strengths, of which 123 specimens are listed here, in mega newtons
per square meter.
2.40, 22.08, 16.80, 4.80, 21.36, 9.12, 9.36, 3.60, 15.36, 15.60, 6.24, 9.84, 16.08, 30.00, 20.40, 12.96, 19.20,
10.32, 15.84, 62.40, 40.80, 4.80, 7.20, 8.88, 14.40, 14.88, 5.76, 18.72, 12.48, 11.04, 8.64, 19.20, 8.16, 18.96,
8.64, 12.00, 14.88, 17.52, 12.48, 13.44, 9.36, 11.28, 8.88, 15.12, 9.36, 17.28, 26.40, 4.32, 11.28, 7.92, 13.92,
11.76, 9.60, 8.40, 9.84, 27.60, 6.00, 14.40, 8.88, 17.04, 12.48, 9.84, 10.80, 12.24, 12.00, 13.20, 11.28, 11.76,
11.76, 8.00, 9.36, 15.12, 11.52, 16.08, 10.80, 14.64, 8.40, 13.44, 10.56, 9.12, 13.44, 12.72, 13.68, 11.28, 5.52,
11.04, 12.00, 7.20, 8.64, 11.76, 8.64, 7.68, 7.68, 13.92, 6.48, 7.20, 7.92, 9.60, 8.64, 9.12, 12.96, 9.36, 14.64,
9.12, 8.88, 20.40, 17.28, 8.64, 11.76, 7.92, 7.68, 11.04, 12.48, 14.40, 9.84, 9.12, 8.40, 12.00, 4.80, 12.72, 9.60,
8.64, 9.84.
(a) Group the data above into a frequency distribution using the Sturge’s rule.
(b) Using the grouped frequency distribution in (a) above, Compute: (i) the mean (ii) the geometric mean
(iii) the harmonic mean

QUESTION(6) Using the grouped frequency distribution in (5a), calculate:


(a) the standard deviation using the deviation method
(b) the coefficient of variation
(c) the mean deviation
(d) Consider the following set of data: 15, 3, 4, 3, 12, 9, 8, 2, 6, 1, 3, 7, 10, 10.
Calculate: (i) the 7th decile (ii) the 20th percentile

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