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Object:: Data Communication and Computer Network

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109 views9 pages

Object:: Data Communication and Computer Network

Uploaded by

SaRosh Raees
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data communication and computer network

LAB # 2
Object:

To study the basic diagnostic utilities on command prompt and viewing their
output

Command:

1. Ping

This command create an echo message weather the system is connected to Internet
or not. The ping command helps to verify IP-level connectivity. When
troubleshooting, you can use ping to send an ICMP echo request to a target host
name or IP address. Use ping whenever you need to verify that a host computer
can connect to the TCP/IP network and network resources.

Sub-Commands:

(a) Ping –t address

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(b)

Ping –a IPaddress

This ping command option will resolve, if possible, the hostname of an IP


address target.

(c) Ping –n count address

This option sets the number of ICMP Echo Requests (n- numbers of requests)
to send, from 1 to 4294967295. The ping command will send 4 by default if -n isn't
used.

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2. IPconfig

Displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and refreshes Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS) settings.
Used without parameters, ipconfig displays the IP address, subnet mask, and
default gateway for all adapters.

Sub-Commands
(a) ipconfig/all 

 Displays the full TCP/IP configuration for all adapters. Without this
parameter, ipconfig displays only the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway
values for each adapter. Adapters can represent physical interfaces, such as
installed network adapters, or logical interfaces, such as dial-up connections.

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(b) IPconfig/renew

Renews DHCP configuration for all adapters or for a specific adapter if


the Adapter (physical connection) parameter is included. This parameter is
available only on computers with adapters that are configured to obtain an IP
address automatically. To specify an adapter name, type the adapter name that
appears when you use ipconfig without parameters.

© IPconfig/release

Release the current DHCP configuration and discard the IP address


configuration for either all adapters ( connection) or for a specific adapter if
the Adapter parameter is included. This parameter disables TCP/IP for adapters
configured to obtain an IP address automatically. To specify an adapter name, type
the adapter name that appears when you use ipconfig without parameters.

3. Hostname
Let the user to find th name of PC.

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4 . Nslookup address

nslookup is a network administration command-line tool available for many


computer operating systems for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) to
obtain domain name or IP address mapping or for any other specific DNS record.

5. Tracert

The tracert command is a Command Prompt command that's used to show several


details about the path that a packet takes from the computer or device you're on to
whatever destination you specify.

Sub-Commands

(a) Tracert –h counts address

 This tracert option specifies the maximum number of hops in the search for
the target. If you do not specify MaxHops, and a target has not been found by 30
hops, tracert will stop looking.

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(b) Tracert –d address

This option prevents tracert from resolving IP addresses to hostnames, often


resulting in much faster results.

6 . Netstat

The netstat command is a CMD command used to display verydetailed information


about how your computer is communicating with other computers or network
devices.Specifically, the netstat command can show details about individual
network connections, overall and protocol-specific networking statistics, and much
more, all of which could help troubleshoot certain kinds of networking issues.

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Sub-commands

(a) Netstat –a

 This switch displays active TCP connections, TCP connections with the listening
state, as well as UDP ports that are being listened to.

(b) Netstat –e

Use this switch with the netstat command to show statistics about your network
connection. This data includes bytes, unicast packets, non-unicast packets,
discards, errors, and unknown protocols received and sent since the connection was
established.

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(c) Netstat –r

Execute netstat with -r to show the IP routing table. This is the same as using the
route command to execute route print.

7 . Arp

arp displays and modifies entries in the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache,
which contains one or more tables that are used to store IP addresses and their
resolved Ethernet or Token Ring physical addresses. There is a separate table for
each Ethernet or Token Ring network adapter installed on your computer. 

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Sub-commands

(a) Arp –a

Arp allows you to view and modify the ARP cache. If two hosts on the same
subnet cannot ping each other successfully, try running the arp -a command on
each computer to see whether the computers have the correct media access control
(MAC) addresses listed for each other.

(b) Arp –a address\

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