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Three Step Rule

The document compares the three step rule and differentiation formula for finding the derivative of algebraic functions. It provides two examples of finding the derivative of functions using both methods. For the first example, f(x)=x^2-3x, both methods produce the derivative of 2x-3. For the second example, a more complex function, both methods also produce the same derivative result. The three step rule provides a systematic process of evaluating the limit to find the derivative, while the differentiation formula directly applies derivative rules to the terms.

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Mariane Carandang
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752 views23 pages

Three Step Rule

The document compares the three step rule and differentiation formula for finding the derivative of algebraic functions. It provides two examples of finding the derivative of functions using both methods. For the first example, f(x)=x^2-3x, both methods produce the derivative of 2x-3. For the second example, a more complex function, both methods also produce the same derivative result. The three step rule provides a systematic process of evaluating the limit to find the derivative, while the differentiation formula directly applies derivative rules to the terms.

Uploaded by

Mariane Carandang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENGR. JOVETTE A.

PECAYO
INSTRUCTOR
THE THREE STEP RULE
VS
DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA OF
ALGEBRAIC FUNCTION
ENGR. JOVETTE A. PECAYO
INSTRUCTOR
THE THREE STEP RULE

• Based on the definition of derivative

′
𝒇 𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝒇(𝒙)
𝐲 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 ∆𝒙
THE THREE STEP RULE

𝑓 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 − 𝑓(𝑥) Evaluate the limit as ∆𝑥 → 0

′
𝒇 𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝒇(𝒙)
𝒚 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎
Divide last equation by ∆𝑥: 𝒙→𝟎 ∆𝒙
𝒇 𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝒇(𝒙)
∆𝒙
Example No. 1
2 ′
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 3𝑥, find the first derivative 𝑓 𝑥 using the
three step rule and basic rule of derivative.
SOLUTION NO. 1

THREE STEP RULE


𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙
𝑓 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 − 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑥 + ∆𝑥)2 −3 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 − (𝑥 2 −3𝑥)
= 𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝒙∆𝒙 + ∆𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟑∆𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐
+ 𝟑𝒙
= 𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝒙∆𝒙 + ∆𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟑∆𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐
+ 𝟑𝒙
= 𝟐𝒙∆𝒙 + ∆𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑∆𝒙
SOLUTION NO. 1

THREE STEP RULE

𝑓 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 − 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝟐𝒙∆𝒙+∆𝒙𝟐 −𝟑∆𝒙
∆𝒙
∆𝑥 ∆𝒙(𝟐𝒙+∆𝒙−𝟑)
=
∆𝒙

= 𝟐𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝟑
SOLUTION NO. 1

THREE STEP RULE

′
𝒇 𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝟑
𝒚 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒙→𝟎 ∆𝒙 Evaluate the limit as ∆𝑥 → 0
0
= 𝟐𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝟑
𝒚′ = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑
The Differentiation Formula

𝑑
𝐷1: 𝑐 = 0 ; 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑛 𝑛−1
𝐷2: 𝑥 = 𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
𝐷3: 𝑐𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑐 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑐 × 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Solution No. 1

DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTION

𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥
′ 𝑑 𝑑
𝑓 𝑥 = (𝑥 2 ) − 3 (x)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2−1
− 3(1)
′
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑
Example No. 2

5 1 4
𝑓 𝑥 =𝑥 + 𝑥 − 5𝑥 2 , find the first derivative
3
𝑓 ′ 𝑥 using the three step rule and basic rule of
derivative.
Solution No. 2

THREE STEP RULE


𝟏 𝟒
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝒙 − 𝟓𝒙𝟐
𝟓
𝟑
𝑓 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 − 𝑓(𝑥) (𝑥 + 5
∆𝑥) +
1
3
𝑥 + ∆𝑥 4 −
2 𝟓 𝟏 𝟒
5 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 − (𝒙 + 𝒙 − 𝟓𝒙𝟐 )
𝟑
Using Pascal’s Triangle:

𝟏
𝒙𝟓 + 𝟓𝒙𝟒 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟑 ∆𝒙𝟐 +10𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟑 + 𝟓𝒙∆𝒙𝟒 + ∆𝒙𝟓 + (𝒙𝟒 + 𝟒𝒙𝟑 ∆𝒙 +
𝟑
𝟏 𝟒
𝟔𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 +𝟒𝒙∆𝒙𝟑 +∆𝒙𝟒 ) −𝟓(𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝒙∆𝒙 + ∆𝒙𝟐 )-𝒙𝟓 − 𝒙 + 𝟓𝒙𝟐 )
𝟑
PASCAL’S TYRIANGLE
Solution No. 2

THREE STEP RULE

𝟏 𝟒
𝒙𝟓 + 𝟓𝒙𝟒 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟑 ∆𝒙𝟐 +10𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟑 + 𝟓𝒙∆𝒙𝟒 + ∆𝒙𝟓 + 𝒙 +
𝟑
𝟒 𝟑 𝟒
𝒙 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙∆𝒙𝟑 +∆𝒙𝟒 − 𝟓𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙∆𝒙 − 𝟓∆𝒙 -𝒙 − 𝟐 𝟓
𝟑 𝟑
𝟏 𝟒
𝒙 + 𝟓𝒙𝟐 )
𝟑
Solution No. 2

THREE STEP RULE

𝑓 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 − 𝑓(𝑥)
∆𝑥
𝟒 𝟑 𝟐 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓 𝟒 𝟑
=𝟓𝒙 ∆𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 ∆𝒙 +10𝒙 ∆𝒙 + 𝟓𝒙∆𝒙 + ∆𝒙 + 𝒙 ∆𝒙 +
𝟑
𝟒
𝟐𝒙 ∆𝒙 + 𝒙∆𝒙𝟑 +∆𝒙𝟒
𝟐 𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙∆𝒙 − 𝟓∆𝒙𝟐
𝟑
𝟒 𝟒
∆𝑥(𝟓𝒙𝟒 +𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟑 ∆x+10𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 +𝟓𝒙∆𝒙𝟑 +∆𝒙𝟒 + 𝒙𝟑 +𝟐𝒙𝟐 ∆x+ 𝒙∆𝒙𝟐 +∆𝒙𝟑 −𝟏𝟎𝒙−𝟓∆x )
𝟑 𝟑
= 𝟒 ∆𝑥 𝟒
= 𝟓𝒙𝟒 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟑 ∆x+10𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙∆𝒙𝟑 + ∆𝒙𝟒 + 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 ∆x+ 𝒙∆𝒙𝟐 +∆𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙 − 𝟓∆x
𝟑 𝟑
Solution No. 2

THREE STEP RULE

0
′
𝒇 𝒙 + ∆𝒙 − 𝒇(𝒙) 0 0 0 𝟒
𝟓𝒙𝟒 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟑 ∆x+10𝒙𝟐 ∆𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙∆𝒙𝟑 + ∆𝒙𝟒 + 𝒙𝟑
𝒚 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 0 0 0𝟒 0
𝟑
𝒙→𝟎 ∆𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 ∆x+ 𝒙∆𝒙𝟐 +∆𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙 − 𝟓∆x
𝟑

′ 𝟒 𝟒 𝟑
Answer: 𝒚 = 𝟓𝒙 + 𝒙 −𝟏𝟎𝒙
𝟑
Solution No. 2
DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTION

𝟏 𝟒
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟓+ 𝒙 − 𝟓𝒙𝟐
𝟑
′
𝒅 𝟓 𝟏 𝒅 𝟒 𝒅 𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 = (𝒙 ) + (𝒙 ) − 𝟓 (𝒙 )
𝒅𝒙 𝟑 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
′ 𝟓−𝟏
𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙 + × 𝟒𝒙𝟒−𝟏 − 𝟓 × 𝟐𝒙𝟐−𝟏
𝟑
Answer
𝟒 𝟑
𝒇′ 𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙𝟒 + 𝒙 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙
𝟑

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