Math Summary 5

S E Q U E N C E S
Find the next three terms and the term to term rule in the following sequences:
a. 3 5 f 9 ... 11 13 15
d=2 nt term= 2n+1
h
b. 4 f 10 13 … 16 19 22
d=3 nth term= 3n+1
ARITHMETIC
c. 10 8 6 4 2 … 0 -2 -4 SEQUENCES
d=-2 n term= -2n+12
th
d. -10 -14 -18 -22 … -26 -30 -34

d=-4 nth term= -4n -6
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCES
When there is a common difference between consecutive terms
3 5 7 9
d= 2
u1= 3 u2= 5 u3= 7 u4= 9
3= 3+(1-1)x2
5= 3+(2-1)x2
7= 3+(3-1)x2 n 1 U = u + (n-1) x d
9= 3+(4-1)x2
Ex. 1: Here is a sequence of numbers:

2 5 8 11 14 17
a) Show that the sequence is an arithmetic sequence
Un= u1 + (n-1) x d
Un= 2+(n-1)x3
U10= 2+(10-1)x3
U10= 29
U25= 2+(25-1)x3
U25= 74
b) Find the 100th term

U100= 21+(100-1)x3
U100= 2+(99x3)
U100= 2+297
U100= 299
Ex. 2: Given the following

sequence
3 , 7 , 11 , …
Find the next four terms and find its
Sn= n/2 [2u1 + (n-1) x d]
sum
d=4
3 , 7 , 11 , 15 , 19 , 23 , 27 = 105
1057= 7/2 [2x3+-87-1)x4] = 105
FORMULAS
UI= First term
D= common
difference
Ex. 3: The nth term of a sequence is
Un= nth term
Un=42-3N Un= u1+(n-1) x d
a. Calculate the values of the first two Sn= n/2 [2ui+(n-1) x d]
terms of this sequence
b. Which term of the sequence is -9?
c. Two consecutive terms of this sequence have a sum of 33
Find the terms and the positions for both
U1=42-3x1
U1=39
U2=42-3x2
U2=36
d=-3
-9=39+(n-1)x-3
-9-39=(n-1)x-3
-48/-3=nx1
16+1=n
n=17
39 36 33 30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9
18+15=33
8 and 9th position
Ex. 4: The first three terms of an arithmetic sequence are: k+4 , 5k+2 ,
10k-2
a. Show that k=2
b. Find the values of the first three terms of the sequence
c. Write down the value of the common difference
d. Calculate the 25th term of the sequence
e. Find the sum of the first 25 terms of the sequence
k+4 5k+2 10k-2
4k-2 5k-4
4k-2=5k-4
2=k
2+4=6 , 5x2+2=12 , 10x2-2=18
d=6
U25= 6+(25-1) x 6
U25= 6+24x6
U25=150
Sn= 25/2 [2X6 + (25-1) X 6)

Sn= 12.5 [12+24x6]
Sn= 12.5 x 156
Sn= 1950
GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES
a. 10 5 2.5 1.25 r=1/2
Common Ratio= r
b. 3 6 12 24 r=2
c. 81 27 9 3 1 r=1/3
d. 3 30 300 3000 r=10
For each sequence find the term to term rule
FORMULA FOR THE NTH TERM OF A GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE:

For example: 3 6 12 24
3= 3 x 21-1
6= 3 x 22-1 Un= u1 x rn-
12= 3 x 23-1 1
24= 3 x 24-1
Find the 10th term of the following sequence

-4 -12 -36 … r=3
U18 = -4 x 310-1
U18= -78732
Ex.:
I. A geometric sequence has the form 6 , 2 , 2/3
a. State the common ratio r= 1/3
b. Calculate the 10th term
Un= u1 x rn-
1
U10 = 6x1/310-1
U10= 6X1/3 9
U10= 2/6561
II. A geometric sequence has all its terms positive. The first term is 5 and the
third term is 20
a. Find the common ratio r=2
b. Find the 7 term
th
Un= u1 x rn-
1
U7= 5X27-1
U7= 5X26
U7= 320
III. Consider the geometric sequence

-16 a -4 …
which the common ratio is ½
a. Find ‘a’ r=1/2 a=-8
b. Find the 8 term
th
U8=-16x1/28-1
U8=-16x1/27
U8=-1/8
SUM OF A GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE
Sn= u1 x (rn-1) / r-1

EXAMPLE: State the common ratio and find the
sum of the first 10 terms of the following geometric sequence:
6 2 2/3
r=1/3
FOR CALC:
(6x((1/3)10-1)) / (1/3 -1)
S10= 6 x ([1/3]10-1) / 1/3-1
S10= 9 [8.999]
APPLICATIONS
Penelope is starting her first job. She will earn $24,000 during the first year. And
her salary will increase 4% each year.
Calculate how much money will Penelope earn in her fourth year of work
24000+960=24960
24960+998.4= 25958.4
25958+1038.336= 26996.74
24000x1.04
24960x1.04
25958x1.04
26996.74
Un= u1 x rn- U4= 24000x1.044-1=26.996.7

1
2) A ball is dropped vertically. It reaches a height of 6m on the first bounce. The

height of each subsequent bounce is 80% of the previous one
a. Find the height that the ball reaches on the 6th bounce
100 --- 6
80 --- x=4.8
U6=6x0.86-1
U6=6x0.85
U6=1.97/1.966
c. Find the sum of the first 7 terms
Sn= u1 x (rn-1) / r-1

S7= 6 x (0.87-1) / (0.8-1)
S7= 23.71
3.A plant is 0.8m tall. It grows 2% each week. Find how tall is the plant after 10
weeks
0.8 --- 100
0.816 =x --- 102
0.816 ---100
0.83232=x 102
1.02=r
S10= (0.8 x ((1.02)10-1)) / (1.02-1)
S10= 8.76

Math Summary 5

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Math Summary 5

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Math Summary 5

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

S E Q U E N C E S

d. -10 -14 -18 -22 … -26 -30 -34

Ex. 1: Here is a sequence of numbers:

b) Find the 100th term

Ex. 2: Given the following

k+4 5k+2 10k-2

2+4=6 , 5x2+2=12 , 10x2-2=18

Sn= 25/2 [2X6 + (25-1) X 6)

FORMULA FOR THE NTH TERM OF A GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE:

Find the 10th term of the following sequence

III. Consider the geometric sequence

SUM OF A GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE

Sn= u1 x (rn-1) / r-1

Un= u1 x rn- U4= 24000x1.044-1=26.996.7

2) A ball is dropped vertically. It reaches a height of 6m on the first bounce. The

c. Find the sum of the first 7 terms

Sn= u1 x (rn-1) / r-1

You might also like