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Experiment 4 Second Order Butterworth Active Low Pass and High Pass Filters

This document describes an experiment to design second order Butterworth active low pass and high pass filters. It provides the components required, circuit diagrams for the low pass and high pass filters, design steps for each filter, procedures for testing the filters, and sections to record results for the low pass and high pass filters. The objectives are to design the filters, obtain their frequency responses, and compare the designed and obtained cut off frequencies.

Uploaded by

Alfred D'Souza
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1K views4 pages

Experiment 4 Second Order Butterworth Active Low Pass and High Pass Filters

This document describes an experiment to design second order Butterworth active low pass and high pass filters. It provides the components required, circuit diagrams for the low pass and high pass filters, design steps for each filter, procedures for testing the filters, and sections to record results for the low pass and high pass filters. The objectives are to design the filters, obtain their frequency responses, and compare the designed and obtained cut off frequencies.

Uploaded by

Alfred D'Souza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 4

Second Order Butterworth Active Low Pass and


High Pass Filters

Aim: To design second order Butterworth Active Low Pass and High Pass Filters

Components Required:
1. Opamp µA741 – 1
2. Resistors
3. Capacitors
4. Signal Generator - 1
5. Dual Polarity RPS – 1
6. DSO/CRO - 1
7. Multimeter – 1

Circuit Diagram:

Figure 1: Active Second Order Butterworth LPF

1
Figure 2: Active Second Order Butterworth HPF

Design Steps:

Active LPF
Sl.No. Steps Working
1. Cut off frequency required f=
2. Choose C1 C1 =
Choose C2 such that
3. C2 =
𝐶2 ≥ 2𝐶1
Calculate R1 and R2
√2𝐶2 − √2𝐶22 − 4𝐶1 𝐶2 R1 =
𝑅1 =
4. 4𝜋𝑓𝐶1 𝐶2
√2𝐶2 + √2𝐶22 − 4𝐶1 𝐶2 R2 =
𝑅2 =
4𝜋𝑓𝐶1 𝐶2
Calculate R3
5. R3 =
𝑅3 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2
Calculate cut off frequency
6. 1 fL =
𝑓𝐿 =
2𝜋√𝑅1 𝑅2 𝐶1 𝐶2

Observation:
Input voltage Vi(p-p) = _________________

Gain
𝑽𝒐(𝒑−𝒑) Gain in dB
Frequency Vo(p-p)
𝑮= 𝑮𝒅𝑩 = 𝟐𝟎𝑳𝒐𝒈𝟏𝟎 (𝑮)
𝑽𝒊(𝒑−𝒑)
10Hz

2
20Hz
…
…

Design Steps:

Active HPF
Sl.No. Steps Working
1. Cut off frequency required f=
2. Choose C1 and C2 C1 = C2 =
Calculate R1 and R2
1 R1 =
𝑅1 =
3. 𝜋𝑓𝐶√2
√2 R2 =
𝑅2 =
4𝜋𝑓𝐶
4. Choose R3 = R1 R3 =

Observation:
Input voltage Vi(p-p) = _________________

Gain
𝑽𝒐(𝒑−𝒑) Gain in dB
Frequency Vo(p-p)
𝑮= 𝑮𝒅𝑩 = 𝟐𝟎𝑳𝒐𝒈𝟏𝟎 (𝑮)
𝑽𝒊(𝒑−𝒑)
10Hz
20Hz
…
…

Procedure:
1. Test the components and build the filter circuit as per the circuit diagram
shown in Figure 1.
2. Obtain the frequency response of the filter.
3. Plot the frequency response of the filter on semi log graph sheet.
4. Find cut off frequency of the filter using frequency response.
5. Repeat the process for HPF circuit shown in Figure 2.

Result:

3
LPF

Designed cut off frequency: ______________________

Obtained cut off frequency:_______________________

Roll off: ______________________________________

HPF

Designed cut off frequency: ______________________

Obtained cut off frequency:_______________________

Roll off: ______________________________________

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