YES, I CAN

LEARN & SPEAK ENGLISH

 HOW TO LEARN
ENGLISH EFFECTIVELY
SITTING AT A TABLE LOOKING AT YOUR
NOTEBOOK IS NOT THE BEST WAY TO STUDY
ENGLISH. MOST OF THE TIME, YOUR MIND IS
NOT ACTIVELY USING THE INFORMATION THAT
YOU ARE STUDYING, AND PRACTICAL
LEARNING DOES NOT TAKE PLACE. HERE ARE
SOME TECHNIQUES THAT WILL HELP YOU
LEARN MORE EFFECTIVELY.
 WRITE A JOURNAL
• Writing every day lets you see your grammar
clearly in front of you, express your ideas, and
use a non-oral method in communicate in
English. Then read the corrected version out
loud.
• It is a good idea to re-copy the corrected
journal too, so that you will have the
experience of writing your ideas down in
proper English.
 R EAD A B O O K
• By Reading A Story, You Create A Picture In Your
Imagination That Will Connected Different Parts Of
Your Brain To English. Find A Book That Is Not Too
Difficult.

• Do Not Stop Every Time You Find A New Word.

• Guess What The Word Probably Means, Continue

Reading, And Check In Your Dictionary At The End Of
The Page Or Chapter.
 Re-write your class notes every
day.
• Writing your notes a second time will allow you to
remember more strongly what you study.
• It will also make your notebook neater, making it
easier to study.
 WATCH TV AND MOVIES, AND LISTEN TO
THE RADIO.

• Even if you don’t understand everything, you will still

be learning.
• It is possible to understand the content even if you know
only 30% of the words that you hear!
• Your listening ability will improve day by day-and it’s
fun!
 KEEP A VOCABULARY NOTEBOOK IN A
SEPARATE NOTEBOOK FROM YOUR CLASS
NOTES
• Take an active approach to learning new vocabulary.
• If you find 5 words a day, 6 days a week, you will learn about 140 new words
a month; 10 words a day would bring you over than 280 new words a month.
• Hint – approach new words by subject: things connected to your hobbies, to
your interests etc.

• Do it this way:
• Think of a word you know in your
language. Look it up in your
dictionary.
• When you find the English word, write it down on the left side of your
vocabulary note book.

• In the middle of the page, write down if the word is a noun (n), verb (v),
adjective (adj), etc. so that you will know how to use the word.
Look the word up in an English-English dictionary.
• Write the English definition on the right side of the page (or on the next
page). Copy a sentence from the dictionary. This will help you learn how
to use the word correctly.
Practice reading this sentence until it becomes natural for you.
 SPEAK LOTS OF ENGLISH
WITH YOUR FRINDS
• You improve your spoken English by
speaking English in different situations
with people of all nationalities.
• If you want to speak English better in the
future, speak it as much as possible now!
 THINK POSITIVELY
• People who say “I can’t speak English well” are corrected.
• People who say “Every day in every way, my English is
getting better and better” are also correct.

• What you think is what you get.

• Practice saying the second sentence every day, and you will
see greater improvement in your English and in your
confidence.
• Remember: the more fun you have with English, the easier
it will be to learn ENJOY
English Grammar
In Easy Way
 Preview
• Definitions • Interjections
• Nouns • Determiners
• Subordinators
• Pronouns • Interrogatives
• Verbs • Qualifiers
• Adjectives • Sentence
combinations
• Adverbs • Yes/no questions
• Prepositions • Information
• Conjunctions questions
• Punctuation rules
• Capitalization rules
 Grammar
• DEFINITION
The grammar of a language is a complex of
systems that may be analyzed and studied on
these three levels: (Noam Chomsky’s UG)
1. Phonology (set of sounds/ symbols)
2. Morphology (combinations of sounds that
carry single units of meaning)
3. Syntax (how single units of meaning are
combined to form words,
phrases and sentences.
 Parts of speech (Nouns)
• Nouns
1. Definition
2. Proper / common
3. Singular / plural (annex)
4. Count / non-count /abstract (annex)
(how much – how many)
5. Collectible (group nouns)
6. Units of measurement
(Reference: Schramper Azar, Betty,1996.
Basic English Grammar)
 Definition
(proper and common nouns)
Nouns – words used to name a
person, place, thing, object, A person
quality, idea, concept, or an Carlos
a country a place
action. Puerto Rico Ryder
Ref. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2001)
Hospital

Proper Nouns-special particular Proper

name given to common a pet Nouns a day
nouns to distinguish them Puppy Monday
from others of the same
kind. many a monument
The Statue of
Example: common- woman others Liberty

proper -Martha
 Proper and common nouns
COMMON PROPER COMMON PROPER
day Saturday associations Members Club

month October movies Titanic

mountain El Yunque planets Neptune

river The Amazon city San Juan

ocean Pacific Ocean historical periods Middle Ages

book Applied language Spanish

Linguistic
newspaper New York Times nationality Puerto Rican

religion Catholic School course English 101

brand of product Cadillac institutions University of

Puerto Rico
 Nouns (singular and plural)
• Rule No. 1 (Add –s to the end of noun)
cup cups
student students

• Rule No.2 consonants before “y”

change –y to i and add –es
city -cities party- parties lady-ladies

• Rule No.3 vowels before “y”

add –s

boy –boys key –keys day -days

 Singular and plural (cont.)
• Rule No. 4 (–f and –fe endings)
change the –f or –fe to v and –es
life –lives wife –wives thief –thieves

• Rule No. 5 (sh, ch, x, ss endings) add –es

bush –bushes
match –matches
box -boxes
kiss -kisses

• Rule No. 6 (consonant + o) add –es (vowel +o) –s

tomato –tomatoes radio radios
 Pronunciation of plurals
• Group A Final –s is pronounced after voiced sounds
(taxicabs, beds, dogs, balls, years, days, boys, trees, etc.)

• Group B Final –s is pronounced /s/ after voiceless sounds

(books, cups, groups, cats, students, desks, etc.)

• Group C Final –s, es is pronounced /ez/

after “s” sounds (classes, horses, boxes, faces)
after “z” sounds (sizes, roses, noises)
after “sh” sounds (dishes, bushes)
after “ch” sounds (matches, sandwiches)
after “ge/dge” sounds (pages, ages, bridges, edges)
 Irregular plural forms
(exceptions)
• Child children
• Foot feet
• Man men
• Woman women
• Mouse mice
• Tooth teeth
• Fish fish
people
(is always plural)
 Count and noncount. nouns
• Count nouns • Common non-count nouns
a book books advice, furniture, love, peace,
one book two books
homework, luck information, food,
some books mail, music, traffic, weather, work,
a lot of books
bread, cheese, coffee, rice, sand,
many books
meat, milk, water, sugar, money, oil,
a few books

liquids materials (paper)

• Non-count nouns
abstracts general
money some money
food
a lot of money gases
much money
a little money
 ORAL PRACTICE (COUNT VS. NON-COUNT)

Chair Traffic Music Work

Furniture Cars Coffee Water

Coin Fact Library Jewelry

Money Information Peace Rings

Letters Homework Advice Justice

mail assignment job sugar

 Pronouns
• Definition
• Personal pronouns (subject-
object)
• Possessive adjectives
• Possessive pronouns
• Reflexive
• Indefinite
• Interrogative
• Demonstrative
• Relative
• reciprocal
 Verbs (verb tenses
/conjugation)
• Definition
• Regular
• Irregular verbs
• Spelling / pronunciation
• Conjugation (annex-
practice)
• Auxiliary verbs/ modals (annex)
• Infinitives
• Gerunds
 Verbs
Regular/ Irregular/ verb tenses
Regular verbs (d or ed endings)

/d/ sound pronunciation

/t/ sound pronunciation

/ed/ pronunciation
 Irregular verbs

• Three forms

• Two forms

• One form
 Verb conjugation

• Simple present tense I Work

You Work

He, she, it Works

We Work

You Work

they work
 Verb tenses

• Simple past I Worked

You Worked

He, she, it Worked

We Worked

You Worked

they Worked
 Verb tenses

• Simple future I will work

• Another way to express the
simple future You will work

He, she, it will work

I am going to work tomorrow.
She is going to work next We will work
week.
They are going to work on You will work
Sunday.
they will work
 Present progressive

I am working right now.

You are working.

He, she, it is working.

We are working.

You are working.

They are working.

 Past progressive (continuous)

I was working last night.

You were working yesterday.

He, she, it was working last summer.

We were working a few hours ago.

You were working last week.

They were working last Monday.

 Future progressive (continuous)

I will be working tomorrow.

You will be working this afternoon.

He, she, it will be working next weekend.

We will be working tonight.

You will be working next summer.

They will be working next semester.

 Adjectives

• Definition
• Articles as adjectives
• Order of adjectives in a series (color, size, origin, nationalities,
shape, age, etc..)
• Past participles / gerunds used as adjectives
• Comparatives and superlatives comparisons (annex-practice)
 Adverbs
• Definition
• Adverbs of frequency (annex)
• Adverbs of time
• Adverbs of location (place)
• Adverbs of mode
 Prepositions

• Definition
• IN, ON and AT (annex
–time and location)
• All prepositions
• Transitional expressions
(prep. Phrases-annex)
 Conjunctions

• Definition
• Correlative conjunctions
• Coordinating conjunctions
• Subordinate conjunctions
• Conjunctive adverbs
• Other subordinators (annex)
 Interjections and other words

• Definition and examples

• Onomatopoeias
• Numerals (cardinals,
ordinals)
• Determiners
• Qualifiers
• Subordinators
• interrogatives
Capitalization Rules (annex)

Punctuation Rules (annex)

Sentence Combinations

YES/NO questions

Information questions
THANK YOU AND KEEP GOING