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Lect Slides - Process Control - Introduction PDF

This document provides an introduction to the course "Process Dynamics and Control" taught by Amol Deshpande at BITS Pilani, KK Birla Goa Campus. It discusses the importance of process control for modern chemical plants. Process dynamics and control concepts like unsteady state behavior, control system design objectives, controlled and manipulated variables are introduced. Examples of common chemical processes and control strategies like feedback and feedforward control are described. The document outlines the basic questions to consider when designing a control system and the traditional and model-based approaches. It concludes with mentioning the course handout will include lecture plans, evaluation criteria, and assignments.

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Ayush Nagar
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
126 views

Lect Slides - Process Control - Introduction PDF

This document provides an introduction to the course "Process Dynamics and Control" taught by Amol Deshpande at BITS Pilani, KK Birla Goa Campus. It discusses the importance of process control for modern chemical plants. Process dynamics and control concepts like unsteady state behavior, control system design objectives, controlled and manipulated variables are introduced. Examples of common chemical processes and control strategies like feedback and feedforward control are described. The document outlines the basic questions to consider when designing a control system and the traditional and model-based approaches. It concludes with mentioning the course handout will include lecture plans, evaluation criteria, and assignments.

Uploaded by

Ayush Nagar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Process Dynamics and

Control (CHE F342)


Amol Deshpande
BITS Pilani
K K Birla Goa Campus Instructor-In-Charge
BITS Pilani
K K Birla Goa Campus

INTRODUCTION
Importance of process control

• Process performance – important but becoming difficult to satisfy


requirements (product quality and operation of the plant)
• Factors deciding product quality specifications
• Competition, tougher environmental and safety regulations and changing
economic conditions
• Operation of modern (complex and highly integrated) process
plant
• To operate modern plants safely and profitably while satisfying
product quality and environmental requirements –
Must have efficient process control system
• Important to acquire the knowledge (theory and practice) of
process control 3

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Process dynamics and control

• Process dynamics
• Unsteady state (transient) process behavior

• Process control
• To maintain a process at the desired operating conditions safely
and efficiently while satisfying environmental and product
quality requirements
• Needs to satisfy by control system design
 Suppress the influence of external disturbance
 Ensuring the stability of a chemical process
 Optimizing the performance of a chemical process
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Process

• Process ???
– Conversion of feed materials to products using chemical and physical
operations
• Types of processes
• Continuous, batch and semi-batch
• Continuous processes
• Tubular heat exchanger, CSTR, Thermal cracking furnace,
Distillation column
• Batch and semi-batch processes
• Batch reactor, Batch digester in a pulp mill, Kidney dialysis unit
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Process system – Stirred tank
heater
• Objective:
– To keep the outlet temperature (T) at
desired value (Ts)
– To keep the volume of the fluid (V) at
the desired volume (Vs)

• Controlled variables (CVs),


Manipulated variables (MVs),
Disturbance variables (DVs)
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Process system – Distillation
column

• Controlled variables (CVs), Manipulated variables (MVs),


Disturbance variables (DVs) 7

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Control strategies

• Feedback control strategy


• Measurement of controlled variable is used to adjust the manipulated variable;
Disturbance variable is not measured
• Can handle the disturbance of unknown origin
• Limitation: No corrective action will be taken unless the disturbance upsets the
process
• Dominant process control strategy

• Feed-forward control strategy


• Disturbance variable is measured but controlled variable is not measured
• Controlled action is taken before the controlled variable deviates from the set
point
• Limitation:
• Disturbance variable has to be measured
• No corrective action is taken for unmeasured disturbances
• a process model is required
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Design of a control system
• Basic questions need to be asked while designing
1. What are the operational objectives that a control system is called
upon to be achieved?
2. What variable should we measure in order to monitor the
operational performance of a plant?
3. What are the manipulated variables to be used to control a chemical
process?
4. What is the best control configuration for a given chemical process
control situation?
5. How is the information taken from the measurements, used to adjust
the values of the manipulated variables?
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Design of a control system

• Approaches
• Traditional approach
• Control strategy is selected based on the knowledge of the
process, experience and insight
• Controller settings adjusted after installment of control
system – Controller tuning

• Model-based approach
• A dynamic model of process developed and control system
designed according to the developed model
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Handout (CHE F342)

• Lecture Plans

• Evaluation

• Surprise tests/Assignments/Attendance

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