UMTS Core de Paquetes
UMTS Core de Paquetes
UMTS Core de Paquetes
GPRS Overview
Typical Solution
Page 1
GPRS: General Packet Radio Services
IMS
Full Circuit Switch
UMTS PS
2.5G GPRS
Full Packet Switch
Initial phase of
Packet Switch
Page 2
What can GPRS do?
GPRS: Low speed and gusty low
traffic services
MMS
Bandwidth High Quality
Mobile
WAP information
Experience Internet Browsing
Low speed VPN
Multimedia and B3G
Mobile
broadband EDGE: Medium speed services
Internet
Mobile Mobile TV
Narrow 3G
band Streaming
Mobile Internet
Voice/SMS Medium VPN (Mobile Office)
2.5G
Online Game
2G
Mobile Service
UMTS: High speed services
VOD
Streaming
POC
City Navigation
Page 3
PS Can Provide Multiple Data Services
MMS
Browse PoC
Multiple
Data
Services
VP
Streaming
Game
BG
Gf Gd Ge Gs Gr Lg Other PLMN
Gc
GSM/GPRS
WAP Gateway
SGSN Gp GGSN
BSC/PCU
BSS
Gn Gi Firewall
Abis Gb Intranet/Internet
CG
BTS
Ga
Iu-ps
RADIUS MMSC
RNC DNS/DHCP server
UTRAN
SNMP Gom X-1/2/3
Iub
Node B
UMTS
Page 5
Important Entity Function
Gn/Gp
Ga Ga
Page 6
Important Entity Function-PCU
PCU (Packet Control Unit):
Radio Resource Management
Packet Routing and Transferring
PCU
BSC BTS
Abis Gb
BTS
BSC Gb GPRS
Gb
Backbone PCU
PCU SGSN SGSN
BTS Abis
BSC
BSC BTS
Page 7
Important Entity Function- RNC
UE UTRAN CN
Uu Iu
Iu-CS
RNC
Iub
CS
NodeB
Iu-PS
Iu-BC Iur
NodeB SGSN
Iu-BC
Iub
NodeB RNC
CBC
Page 8
Important Entity Function: DNS
SGSN GGSN(A)
ISP A
GPRS backbone
ISP B
BSS
DNS Internet/
GGSN(B) Intranet
Page 9
Gb interface- SGSN & PCU
Application
IP IP
Relay
SNDCP SNDCP GTP-U GTP-U
LLC LLC
Relay UDP UDP
RLC RLC BSSGP BSSGP
IP IP
MAC MAC Network Network L2 L2
Service Service
GSM RF GSM RF L1bis L1bis L1 L1
Um Gb Gn Gi
MS BSS SGSN GGSN
Page 10
Iu-PS interface
Control Plane User Plane
Application
Relay Relay
ATM
Physical Bearer
UDP/IP
RNC SGSN
Page 11
SS7 interface
TCAP TCAP
SCCP SCCP
Signaling Signaling
Bearer Bearer
Ge
SGSN SCP
Page 12
GnGp interface
GPRS
Gn Backbone
GGSN
SGSN
Gp
BG
GPRS
Gn Backbone
GGSN
SGSN
Page 13
Gi interface
AAA Portal Server DHCP Server
HLR
Internet LNS
SGSN GGSN
Gi interface:
Page 14
Contents
GPRS Overview
Typical Solution
Page 15
GPRS Related Procedure
Mobility Management
Session Management
Page 16
GPRS Related Procedure- Mobility Management
Basic concepts
Security Function
Loaction Management
Page 17
MM (Mobility Management)
Main procedures
•Attach
•RAU and periodic RAU
keep track of the
•Detach
current location GMM •Service request (PMM)
of an MS •SRNS relocation(PMM)
PMM
Subscription
MS states
data other procedures
management
management
•P-TMSI reallocation
MM •Authentication
•Identification
•Subscriber management
NOTE: MM stores in MS and SGSN.
Page 18
GMM States
Timer Function
IDLE IDLE
READY Timer Function (GSM )
Page 19
PMM States
PM M- PMM-
D ETAC H ED D ETAC H ED
Detach, D etach,
P S D etach PS Attach R eject, P S D etach PS Attach Reject,
PS Attach RAU Rej ect PS Attach RA U R eject
P S S ignalling PS S ignalling
Connection Releas e PMM- Connection Releas e PMM-
P MM-IDLE CONNE CTE D P MM-IDLE
CONNE CTE D
SM-A CTIVE or S M-ACTIV E or SM-A CTIVE or S M-ACTIV E or
INA CTIVE P S S ignalling INACTIV E INA CTIVE PS S ignalling INAC TIV E
Connection Establish Connection Establish
Serving RNC
reloc ation
Page 20
MS/UE Operation Modes
Page 21
Network Operation Modes
Mode Circuit Paging GPRS Paging Channel Paging co-
Channel ordination
Packet Paging Packet Paging Channel
Channel
CCCH Paging CCCH Paging Channel
I Yes
Channel
GSM Packet Data Not Applicable
Channel
CCCH Paging CCCH Paging Channel
II No
Channel
CCCH Paging Packet Paging Channel
Channel
III No
CCCH Paging CCCH Paging Channel
Channel
Page 22
GPRS Related Procedure- Mobility Management
Basic concepts
Security Function
Loaction Management
Page 23
Attach Procedure
MM Context:
IMSI: ××××
MM Context
MSISDN:××××
MM Context:
IMSI: ××××
PTMSI:×××××
IMSI: MSISDN:××××
××××
RAC:××××××
MSISDN:××××
PTMSI:×××××
LAC:××××××
PTMSI:×××××
RAC:××××××
RAC:××××××TLLI:×××××
LAC:××××××
LAC:××××××- - - - - - - - -
TLLI:×××××
Period RAU TLLI:×××××
- - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - -
Inter-RAU SGSN
After attach, MM context will occupy SGSN memory, and period RAU, Inter-SGSN
RAU will occupy SGSN CPU.
Additional less PDP contexts are activated in GPRS initional.
High attach required high capacity of SGSN, but the high attachment don’t bring
any profit.
Page 24
Attach Procedure
FUNCTION
•An MS/UE shall perform a GPRS Attach to
the SGSN in order to obtain access to the
GPRS services.
•If the MS/UE is connected via a GSM radio,
(IMSI or (PTMSI) it shall perform a GSM GPRS Attach
PTMSI+RAI) procedure.
(IMSI)
•If the MS/UE is connected via a UMTS radio
(Identity Type =
access network, it shall perform a UMTS
(IMSI)
IMSI) GPRS Attach procedure.
RESULT
•SGSN get subscriber data from HLR
•HLR recorded the MS’s serving SGSN
number
•SGSN and MS create MM context for the
MS
•MS/UE become the ready or PMM-
CONNECTED state
.MS can request Session Management
services
Page 25
Reject Caused by GPRS Core Network
Cause in attach reject Actions in PS domain Actions in CS domain
Illegal MS The MS shall set the GPRS update status to If the MS is IMSI attached, the MS
GU3 ROAMING NOT ALLOWED The shall in addition set the update
Illegal ME
SIM/USIM shall be considered as invalid for status to U3 ROAMING NOT
GPRS services until switching off or the ALLOWED, shall delete any TMSI,
SIM/USIM is removed LAI and ciphering key sequence
number
GPRS services not allowed The MS shall set the GPRS update status to no effect
GU3 ROAMING NOT ALLOWED; The
SIM/USIM shall be considered as invalid for
GPRS services until switching off or the
SIM/USIM is removed.
GPRS services not allowed in this shall set the GPRS update status to GU3
PLMN ROAMING NOT ALLOWED
PLMN not allowed shall set the GPRS update status to GU3 The MS shall perform a PLMN
ROAMING NOT ALLOWED), shall reset the selection
Location area not allowed
GPRS attach attempt counter and shall
Roaming not allowed in this location change to state GMM-DEREGISTERED
area
No Suitable Cells In Location Area shall set the GPRS update status to GU3 The MS shall search for a suitable
ROAMING NOT ALLOWED cell in another location area in the
same PLMN
Page 26
MM Context
Field Description A/Gb Iu mode
mode
Cell Identity Current cell in READY state, last known cell in STANDBY or IDLE state. X
Cell Identity Age Time elapsed since the last LLC PDU was received from the MS at the SGSN. X
Service Area Code Last known SAC when initial UE message was received or Location Reporting procedure was X
executed.
Service Area Code Age Time elapsed since the last SAC was received at the 3G-SGSN. X
VLR Number The VLR number of the MSC/VLR currently serving this MS. X X
New SGSN Address The IP address of the new SGSN where buffered and not sent N-PDUs should be forwarded to. X X
Page 27
MM Context
IK Currently used Iu mode integrity key. 1) X
Radio Priority SMS The RLC/MAC radio priority level for uplink SMS transmission. X
MNRG Indicates whether activity from the MS shall be reported to the HLR. X X
NGAF Indicates whether activity from the MS shall be reported to the MSC/VLR. X X
Subscribed Charging Characteristics The charging characteristics for the MS, e.g. normal, prepaid, flat-rate, and/or hot billing X X
subscription.
ODB for PS parameters Indicates that the status of the operator determined barring for packet oriented services. X X
The information marked with a "1)" may be maintained if authentication is performed by the UMTS
authentication procedure.
The information marked with a "2)" may be maintained if authentication is performed by the GSM
authentication procedure.
Page 28
Detach Type
Type of detach (octet 1)
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Detach type Power Type of detach
In the MS to network direction:
IEI off
Bits
Detach Type IE 3 2 1
0 0 1 GPRS detach
Page 29
Detach Procedure (MS Initiated)
Function
•Allow an MS to inform the network
that it does not want to access the
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN GGSN MSC/VLR SGSN-based services any longer
1. Detach Request
2. Delete PDP Context Request Results
•The SGSN shall not service the detached
2. Delete PDP Context Response MS, unless reattach
•The MS is in idle or PMM-DETACHED state
C1
3. IMSI Detach Indication
Two types of the MS IMSI detach
4. GPRS Detach Indication
•A GPRS-attached MS sends a Detach
5. Detach Accept C2 Request message to the SGSN, indicating
an IMSI detach. This can be made in
combination with GPRS detach.
6. PS Signalling Connection Release
•An MS that is not GPRS-attached makes
the IMSI detach as already defined in
A/Gb mode or UMTS.
Page 30
Detach Procedure (SGSN & HLR Initiated)
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN GGSN MSC/VLR Function
1. Detach Request •Allow the network to inform an MS
2. Delete PDP Context Request that it does not have access to the
SGSN-based services any more
2. Delete PDP Context Response
C1
3. GPRS Detach Indication Results :
4. Detach Accept
•The SGSN shall not service the detached
MS, unless reattach
C2
•The MS is in idle or PMM-DETACHED state
5. PS Signalling Connection Release
Page 31
Purge Function
Function
Page 32
GPRS Related Procedure- Mobility Management
Basic concepts
Security Function
Loaction Management
Page 33
Authentication Function
Function
•Permit the network to check whether the identity provided by the mobile station;
•Provide parameters enabling the mobile station to calculate a new ciphering key ;
(UMTS and GSM)
•Provide parameters enabling the mobile station to calculate a new UMTS integrity key;
(UMTS only)
•Permit the mobile station to authenticate the network. (UMTS only)
Authentication types
GSM
•Using triplet: RAND, SRES, Kc
•Using GPRS Encryption Algorithm
(GEA)
UMTS
•Using quintet: RAND, XRES, AUTN, CK, IK
•AUTN: for UE authenticate network
•IK: for data integrity function
•Using UMTS Encryption Algorithm
Page 34
Authentication Function(3G)
MS VLR/SGSN HE/HLR
Generate authentication
Distribution of vectors AV(1..n)
authentication
vectors from HE
to SN Authentication data response
AV(1..n)
Verify AUTN(i)
Compute RES(i)
Authentication and
key establishment
User authentication response
RES(i)
Page 35
Ciphering & Identity Check
Scope
A/Gb mode: from the ciphering function in the Identity
SGSN to the ciphering function in the MS.
Check
Iu mode: from the ciphering function in the UTRAN
to the ciphering function in the MS.
Function
Start
•Get IMSI from
A/Gb mode: the MS starts ciphering after sending the
MS
Authentication and Ciphering Response message.
•Check the IMEI
Iu mode: the start is controlled by the security mode
procedure after authentication procedure.
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN EIR
1. Identity Request
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN
1. Identity Response
Scope of GSM GPRS ciphering 2. Check IMEI
Page 36
P-TMSI Reallocation
Function
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN
Page 37
GPRS Related Procedure- Mobility Management
Basic concepts
Security Function
Loaction Management
Page 38
Location Management
Function
•cell and PLMN selection;
•know the Routeing Area;
•identity :know the URA identity or cell
identity;
•indicate to an MS in RRC Connected mode
•know the address of the serving
3G
2G Layered Location
Management Mode
Page 39
Network Architecture
PDN
Routing area update
procedure
Gi
Relocation procedure
(UMTS only) Iur RNC1 HLR/AUC
RNC3
RNC2 RNC4
Move the Iu interface
to the other RNC RA4 RA5 RA9 RA10
Page 40
Routing Area Update Procedure
In the viewpoint of
SGSN:
intra-SGSN RAU
Inter-SGSN RAU
Page 41
Inter-SGSN RAU Procedure (2G)
Page 42
Inter-SGSN RAU Procedure (2G)
Page 43
Inter-SGSN RAU
new old
Page 44
Inter-SGSN RAU
new old
RA2
Update_location (IMSI, @SGSN2)
cancel_location (IMSI)
cancel_location_ack
insert_subscriber_data (+ack)
Update_location_ack
Routing_Area_update_accept (TLLI)
Routing_Area_update_complete
Page 45
Inter-SGSN RAU Procedure (3G)
Page 46
Inter-SGSN RAU Procedure (3G)
Page 47
Serving RNS Relocation Procedure (3G)
HLR/AuC HLR/AuC
GGSN GGSN
old MSC/VLR old SGSN new SGSN new MSC/VLR old MSC/VLR old SGSN new SGSN new MSC/VLR
MS MS
Page 48
Serving RNS Relocation Procedure (3G)
MS Source Target Old New GGSN
RNC RNC SGSN SGSN
1. Decision to perform
SRNS relocation
2. Relocation Required
4. Relocation Request
C1
6. Relocation Command
7. Forwarding of data
8. Relocation Commit
9. Relocation Detect
10. UTRAN Mobility Information Confirm 11. Update PDP Context Response
C3
Page 49
GPRS Related Procedure- Mobility Management
Basic concepts
Security Function
Loaction Management
Page 50
Service Request Procedure
Function
The Service Request procedure is used by a 3G-MS in PMM-IDLE state to request the
establishment of a secure connection to a 3G-SGSN.
1. Send uplink signalling messages (e.g. Activate PDP Context Request), user data,
2. Paging response,
3. Regained radio coverage.
This procedure is also used by an MS in PMM-CONNECTED state to request resource
reservation for active PDP contexts.
Page 51
Service Request Procedure –MS initiated
MS RNC SGSN HLR GGSN
1. RRC Connection Request
2. Service Request
3. Security Functions
4. Service Accept
8. Uplink PDU
Page 52
Service Request Procedure-network initiated
MS RNC SGSN HLR GGSN
1. Downlink PDU
2. Paging
2. Paging
4. Service Request
5. Security Functions
8. Downlink PDU
Page 53
Summary
Page 54
GPRS Related Procedure
Mobility Management
Session Management
Page 55
Radio Resource Management
Main function
of GPRS RRM
Successful Paging
Page 56
Paging for GPRS (2G)
MS BSS SGSN
1. PDP PDU
STANDB 2. Paging Request
Y
3. GPRS Paging Request
(IMSI,
4. Any LLC Frame P-TMSI,
(Receive Ready or
Area,
5. Any LLC Frame
Information frame) Channel
Needed, QoS,
READY
DRX
Parameters)
NOTE:
Page 57
Paging Initiated by CN (3G)
Without
RRC
connect
for CS
With RRC
connect
for CS
Page 58
CS Paging
MS BSS SGSN MSC/VLR
1. Page
2. Paging Request
3. Paging Request
GSM
4. SABM (Paging Response)
5. SCCP Connection Request (Paging Response)
1. Page
2. Paging
UMTS 3. Paging Request
4. RRC Initial Direct Transfer (Paging Response)
5. RANAP Initial UE (Paging Response)
Page 59
Summary
Page 60
GPRS Related Procedure
Mobility Management
Session Management
Page 61
GPRS Related Procedure - Session Management
Basic concepts
Page 62
Session Management
Function
Establish and monitor a packet tunnel from MS to GGSN, and
allocate system resource for the packet service.
Important Procedure
PDP Context Activation
PDP Context Modification
PDP Context Deactivation
Page 63
PDP Context
Each MM context contains zero or more of the following PDP contexts:
APN in Use The APN currently used. This APN shall be composed of the APNNetwork X X
Identifier and the APN Operator Identifier.
TI Transaction Identifier. X X
TEID for Gn/Gp Tunnel Endpoint Identifier for the Gn and Gp interfaces. X X
VPLMN Address Allowed Specifies whether the MS is allowed to use the APN in the domain of the X X
HPLMN only, or additionally the APN in the domain of the VPLMN.
Page 64
PDP Context
QoS Profile Requested The quality of service profile requested. X X
Radio Priority The RLC/MAC radio priority level for uplink user data transmission. X
Aggregate BSS QoS Profile The aggregate BSS quality of service profile negotiated for the packet flow that X
Negotiated this PDP context belongs to.
Send N-PDU Number SNDCP sequence number of the next downlink N-PDU to be sent to the MS. X
Receive N-PDU Number SNDCP sequence number of the next uplink N-PDU expected from the MS. X
GTP-SND GTP-U sequence number of the next downlink N-PDU to be sent to the MS. X X
GTP-SNU GTP-U sequence number of the next uplink N-PDU to be sent to the GGSN. X X
PDCP-SNU Sequence number of the next uplink in-sequence PDCP-PDU expected from the X
MS.
Charging Id Charging identifier, identifies charging records generated by SGSN and GGSN. X X
PDP Context Charging The charging characteristics of this PDP context, e.g. normal, prepaid, flat-rate, X X
Characteristics and/or hot billing.
Page 65
MM Context and PDP Context
HLR
. . .
. . .
Page 66
PDP Parameters
QoS: quality of service
PDP state
It is a group of parameters that
Inactive (cannot transmit data) can define the network ability,
such as the bit rate for downlink or
Active Deactive the PDP uplink data transmission and the
PDP Context or MM state to
Context IDLE or PMM-DETACH reliability class and so on
It is end to end concept
Active (can transimt data)
PDP Address
PDP Type Static IP
IPV4 − Public IP
IPV6 − Allocate by the operator
PPP Dynamic IP
− Private IP
− Allocate by GGSN, DNCP or
Radius
Page 67
APN Architecture
cmwap. mnc<MNC>.mcc<MCC>.gprs
APN: Access Point Name, defines services accessing point and accessing mode.
------The APN Network Identifier; this defines to which external network the GGSN is
connected and optionally a requested service by the MS. This part of the APN is
mandatory. It’s a string defined by operator.
------The APN Operator Identifier; this defines in which PLMN GPRS backbone the
GGSN is located. This part of the APN is optional.
Page 68
APN in Element
HLR
Intranet/Internet
DNS
RADIUS
MS: User must configure APN NI and its responding URL, user name, password, IP address, PortNo, etc. In the
activation procedure, MS must send APN OI to network in PDP Context Activation procedure.
HLR: Operator configures APN NI in subscription data per subscribers.
SGSN: It gets registered APN NI from HLR, and compares APN in the subscription data and PDP context
activation message. If different, reject activation. If same, construct APN based on APN OI and IMSI, and send
parse request to DNS. If get IP address from DNS, relay PDP context activation message to GGSN.
DNS: Configure the corresponding relationship of APN and IP address
GGSN: Allocate IP address and selection access mode based on APN
Page 69
APN(2)
Local APN
General APN
Page 70
DNS Architecture in GPRS network
Top Level DNS
“.gprs”
DNS in GRX
mcc460.gprs mcc450.gprs mcc234.gprs
DNS controlled by
mnc01.mcc460.gprs Operator
Region DNS
cuwap
cuwap.mnc01.mcc460.gprs
Page 71
GRX Architecture
Operator A
GRX
Operator E Operator F
Page 72
GGSN Selection
BTS BSC
/NodeB /RNC
ISP A
GGSN (A) ISP B
MS
•APN-NI/
SGSN GGSN (B)
Backbone Corp.
•Or APN-NI+APN-OI DNS Network
•APN-NI
DNS DNS
•APN-NI+APN-OI =
GGSN IP address
Page 73
GPRS Related Procedure - Session Management
Basic concepts
Page 74
Activation Procedure
Page 75
PDP Context Activation Procedure (3G)
C1
2. Security Functions
C2
5. Activate PDP Context Accept
Page 77
PDP Context Activation Procedure-Detail
Activate_PDP_context_req
TLLI (NSAPI ,type [+ @ of PDP] , APN, QoS)
1
DNS_query (APN)
DNS_response (@ IP of GGSN1)
Create_PDP_context_req
@ GGSN1 TID1 (type [+ @ of PDP] , APN, QoS)
Activate_PDP_context_accept (IP @)
Page 78
Data Transmission in 2.5G
SGSN GGSN
User packet
Page 79
Secondary PDP Context Activation Procedure
MS BSS 2G-SGSN 2G-GGSN
C2
MS UTRAN 3G-SGSN 3G-GGSN
7. Activate Secondary PDP Context Accept
1. Activate Secondary PDP Context Request
C1
•Reusing the PDP address and other PDP
3. Create PDP Context Request
context information from an already active PDP
context, but with a different QoS profile 3. Create PDP Context Response
4. Radio Access Bearer Setup
•Procedures for APN selection and PDP 6. Update PDP Context Request
address negotiation are not executed.
6. Update PDP Context Response
• A unique TI and a unique NSAPI shall identify
each PDP context sharing the same PDP C2
address and APN. 7. Activate PDP Context Accept
Page 80
Network-Requested PDP Context Activation Procedure
1. PDP PDU
•When receiving a PDP PDU the GGSN checks if a PDP context is established for that
PDP address. If no PDP context has been previously established, the GGSN may try to
deliver the PDP PDU by initiating the Network-Requested PDP Context Activation
procedure.
Page 81
GPRS Related Procedure - Session Management
Basic concepts
Page 82
Modification Procedures
Page 83
SGSN-Initiated Modification Procedure
Page 84
GGSN-Initiated Modification Procedure
C1
Page 85
MS-Initiated Modification Procedure
C1
Page 86
RNC-initiated RAB Modification Procedure
RAB ID,
RAB Parameter Values
Page 87
GPRS Related Procedure - Session Management
Basic concepts
Page 88
MS Initiated Deactivation Procedure
For GPRS
MS 2G-SGSN 2G-GGSN
C1
2. Security Functions
3. Delete PDP Context Request
Page 89
MS Initiated Deactivation Procedure
For UMTS
C1
3. Delete PDP Context Request
Page 90
SGSN-initiated Deactivation Procedure
C1
Page 91
GGSN-initiated Deactivation Procedure
C1
2. Deactivate PDP Context Request
2. Deactivate PDP Context Accept
3. Delete PDP Context Response
4. Radio Access Bearer Release
Page 92
GPRS Related Procedure - Session Management
Basic concepts
Page 93
RAB Release Procedure
•The preservation procedure allows the active PDP contexts associated with the released RABs to
be preserved without modification in the CN, and the RABs can then be re-established at a later
stage (e.g. by service request procedure).
Page 94
Re-establishment of RABs
Page 95
Iu Release Procedure
UTRAN initiates an Iu release procedure to release all RABs of an
MS and the Iu connection.
Page 96
Summary
Page 97
Typical Application
1
4. Send Packet Data
MM
ready/standby 3
PDP 4
active
Page 98
Typical Application
Packet Data Service initiated by Network
1. GGSN receive PDP PDU, and store the PDU
2. GGSN get the MS route information from HLR
3. GGSN inform SGSN
MS BSS SGSN HLR GGSN PDN
4. Paging the MS in RA, MM shift to ready
1
5
Omit if MM is
ready 6
7
PDP
active
Page 99
GSM vs UMTS Summary
Page 100
Contents
GPRS Overview
Typical Solution
Page 101
Networking Solution
Gi Gi Gi
GGSN
GGSN 3G GGSN
Gn Gn
Gn Gn
2G/3G SGSN
2G SGSN 3G SGSN
Gb Iu- Iu-
Gb
PS PS
Page 102
Charging Solution
SGSN GGSN
CG Billing system
Postpaid and Hot-billing
Postpaid
Hot-billing
AAA charging
CAMEL based prepaid: SGSN or GGSN CAMEL solution
Time-duration, data flux, content based or QoS based charging
Flat rate
Page 103
Charging: S-CDR and G-CDR
S-CDR G-CDR
Field Category Description Field Category Description
recordType M GPRS GGSN PDP context record. recordType M GPRS GGSN PDP context record.
networkInitiation C Present if this is a network initiated PDP context. networkInitiation C Present if this is a network initiated PDP context.
servedIMSI M IMSI of the served party (if Anonymous Access Indicator is FALSE servedIMSI M IMSI of the served party (if Anonymous Access Indicator is FALSE
sgsnPLMNIdentifier O SGSN PLMN identifier (MCC and MNC) used during this record.
Page 104
Charging: Prepaid Solution
Real-time Prepaid
HLR
SCP
CAMEL 3 SCP
SGSN
SGSN
CG Billing system
GGSN
Anti-real-time Prepaid
Page 105
Charging: Content Based Charging
Go
Gx
Gy
Gateway
(GW)
TPF PEP
Charging
Gateway
Function Gz
Charging
Collection
Function
Page 106
Roaming Scenario: Visiting GGSN
Subscription
data
Roaming
UE BG
Re-attach ISP
- SGSN GGSN Network
UE
MS
Visiting PLMN
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Roaming Scenario: Home GGSN
Roaming
UE BG
Re-attach GGSN
UE
MS SGSN
SGSN
Visiting PLMN
Page 108
Gb Networking
Mode I Mode II
The PCU is put at the BSS side, and is directly connected with the SGSN The PCU is put at the BSS side, and is connected with the SGSN through the frame
through point-to-point relay. The mode I is suitable when the PCU and SGSN are relay network.
close in distance. It is used more frequently in actual application.
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IU-PS Networking
IP networking mode
The SGSN9810 must support the feature of Iu over IP on both user plane and control plane. Therefore, the RNC can be directly connected with the SGSN
through the IP network.
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