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    Pile Cap Truss Analogy: 10.7 Design of Pile Caps

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    Irfan Khan
    This document discusses pile cap design using a truss analogy approach. It provides equations to calculate the load in each pile of an unsymmetrical pile group based on eccentricities. It also discusses designing pile caps to transfer column loads to piles, with sufficient thickness for reinforcement and to resist shear and bending. The truss analogy method models the pile cap as a truss with concrete in compression and steel reinforcement in tension, with nodes at the column load and pile intersections. Only reinforcement within 1.5 times the pile diameter is considered effective.

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    Pile Cap Truss Analogy: 10.7 Design of Pile Caps

    Uploaded by

    Irfan Khan
    78 views2 pages
    This document discusses pile cap design using a truss analogy approach. It provides equations to calculate the load in each pile of an unsymmetrical pile group based on eccentricities. It also discusses designing pile caps to transfer column loads to piles, with sufficient thickness for reinforcement and to resist shear and bending. The truss analogy method models the pile cap as a truss with concrete in compression and steel reinforcement in tension, with nodes at the column load and pile intersections. Only reinforcement within 1.5 times the pile diameter is considered effective.

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    This document discusses pile cap design using a truss analogy approach. It provides equations to calculate the load in each pile of an unsymmetrical pile group based on eccentricities. It also discusses designing pile caps to transfer column loads to piles, with sufficient thickness for reinforcement and to resist shear and bending. The truss analogy method models the pile cap as a truss with concrete in compression and steel reinforcement in tension, with nodes at the column load and pile intersections. Only reinforcement within 1.5 times the pile diameter is considered effective.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    78 views2 pages

    Pile Cap Truss Analogy: 10.7 Design of Pile Caps

    Uploaded by

    Irfan Khan
    This document discusses pile cap design using a truss analogy approach. It provides equations to calculate the load in each pile of an unsymmetrical pile group based on eccentricities. It also discusses designing pile caps to transfer column loads to piles, with sufficient thickness for reinforcement and to resist shear and bending. The truss analogy method models the pile cap as a truss with concrete in compression and steel reinforcement in tension, with nodes at the column load and pile intersections. Only reinforcement within 1.5 times the pile diameter is considered effective.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Pile Cap Truss Analogy

    Last Updated on Mon, 30 Sep 2013 | Concrete Design

    Therefore, substituting for y„ and .vn

    P, = 166.7 - 35.4 x 1.67 + 33.3 x 1.0 - 140.9kN P2 = 166.7 - 35.4 x 1.67 - 33.3 x 1.0 = 74.3 kN Pi
    166.7 + 35.4 x 0.33 + 33.3 x 1.0 = 211.7 kN P4 = 166.7 + 35.4 x 0.33 - 33.3 x 1.0 = 145.1 kN Ps =
    166.7 + 35.4 x 1.33 + 33.3 x 1.0 = 247.1 kN P6 = 166.7 +35.4 x 1.33 - 33.3 x 1.0 = 180.5 kN

    Total =999.6« lOOOkN

    When a pile group is unsymmetrieal about both co-ordinate axes it is necessary to consider the theory
    of bending about the principal axes which is dealt with in most textbooks on strength of materials. In
    this case the formulae for the pile loads are N

    Note that eKK is the eccentricity about the XX axis, while eyy is the eccentricity about the YY axis, as
    in figure 10.18.

    Piled foundations are sometimes required to resist horizontal forces in addition to the vertical loads. If
    the horizontal forces are small they can often be resisted by the passive pressure of the soil against
    vertical piles, otherwise if the forces are not small then raking piles must be provided as shown in
    figure 10.19(a).

    To determine the load in each pile either a static method or an elastic method is available. The static
    method is simply a graphical analysis using Bow's notation as illustrated in figure 10.19(b). This
    method assumes that the piles arc pinned at their ends so that the induced loads are axial. The elastic
    method lakes into account the displacements and rotations of the piles which may be considered
    pinned or fixed at their ends, The pile foundation is analysed in a similar manner to a plane frame or
    space frame and available computer programs are commonly used.

    Figure 10.19

    Forces in raking piles

    10.7 Design of pile caps


    The pile cap must he rigid and capable of transferring the column loads to the piles. It should have
    sufficient thickness for anchorage of the column dowels and the pile reinforcement, and it must be
    checked for punching shear, diagonal shear, bending and bond. Piles are rarely positioned at the exact
    locations shown on the drawings, therefore this must be allowed for when designing and detailing the
    pile cap.

    Two methods of design are common: design using beam theory or design using a truss analogy
    approach. In the former case the pile cap is treated as an inverted beam and is designed for the usual
    conditions of bending and shear. The truss analogy method is used to determine the reinforcement
    requirements where the span-to-depth ratio is less than 2 such that beam theory is not appropriate.

    10.7.1 The truss analogy method


    In the trass analogy the force from the supported column is assumed to be transmitted by a triangular
    trass action with concrete providing the compressive members of the truss and steel reinforcement
    providing the tensile tic force as shown in the two-pile cap in figure 10.20(a). The upper node of the
    trass is located at the centre of the loaded area and the lower nodes at the intersection of the tensile
    reinforcement with the centrelines of the piles. Where the piles are spaced at a distance greater than
    three times the pile diameter only the reinforcement within a distance of 1.5 times the pile diameter
    from the centre of (he pile should be considered as effective in providing the tensile resistance within
    the truss.

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