Cassette-Clinics OF Obstetrics & Gynaecology: Asetof 9 Case Presentations (Mp3 CD) and A Booklet
Cassette-Clinics OF Obstetrics & Gynaecology: Asetof 9 Case Presentations (Mp3 CD) and A Booklet
Cassette-Clinics OF Obstetrics & Gynaecology: Asetof 9 Case Presentations (Mp3 CD) and A Booklet
OF
OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
A SET OF
9 CASE PRESENTATIONS (MP3 CD)
AND A BOOKLET
BY
DR. MRS. SWATI VAIDYA
MBBS, MD (GYN)
PUBLISHED BY :
I feel very happy to present the Obstetrics and Gynaecology set of Cassette-Clinics to the
students of 3rd M.B.B.S. and M.D. or D.G.O.
‘Presenting a case’ is an art, which every student must master and Cassette-Clinics is the
easiest way of learning it.
Vivas are short and it is not possible to go into the depth of the subject within the few
available minutes. So the examiner may test your knowledge in various directions to find
out what you don't know. Also, the discussion need not remain confined to the case under
study, eg. In a case of Twins, if you fumble during General Examination, examiner may
interrupt you and ask details of anemia! So you must be well prepared for an uninterrupted
presentation, as well as for the unexpected interruption.
I hope that these clinics will be very helpful to the students suffering from the syndrome of
"I know it but I can't say it" and to the students who are in search of better and perfect
answers.
These should also interest the rural practitioners, who are often expected to conduct
antenatal checkups and deliveries.
I sincerely thank all my Professors and Teachers of Government Medical College, Miraj
who have enriched me with this knowledge, particularly Dr. S.T. Watve, Dr. S.P. Dani, Dr.
Mrs. A.J. Jadhav and Dr. Mrs. P.R. Naphade.
I also thank my father-in-law Dr. M.K. Vaidya and my mother-in-law Late Mrs. V.M.
Vaidya, whose constant encouragement has helped me to complete my studies for M.D.
and prepare these cassettes. And of course, I must thank my husband, Dr. Ghanashyam,
the pioneer of Cassette-Clinics in India, who has infused this idea into my mind and
guided me all along.
CASE NO. 1
The examination of an Obstetric case involves the detailed examination of the pregnant woman
with relevant systemic examination depending on the symptoms.
2. Medical Part : which will depend upon the complications present during the pregnancy.
1. The Introduction :
In addition to the standard contents i.e. age, name, occupation, financial status and address of the
patient, you should also state the present obstetric status of the patient as number of Gravida and
period of amenorrhoea.
Eg. 25 years old second Gravida, Padma Patil, a housewife from Sangli, from low socio-economic
class, comes with 8 ½ months amenorrhoea for antenatal check up.
2. Complaints:
Now state the complaints of the patient in chronological order, followed by history of relevant
symptoms. Ask for the expected symptoms of pregnancy like morning sickness in 1st trimester,
quickening after 20 weeks, or edema in third trimester. A pregnant patient may also come without
any complaint – for a routine Antenatal checkup.
3. Menstrual History:
1. Age of Menarche.
3. Date of L.M.P.
First mention the period of married life. Then state the present obstetrical status by GPLA formula.
Followed by short description of each pregnancy, labour and its outcome, particularly
complications like PIH and interference like forceps.
If there was a Caesarian Section, ask the details of indication for Caesarian – Elective or
Emergency, Lower Segment or Upper segment, and postoperative infection.
eg. Married 6 years back. She is Gravida 3, Para 2, Living children 2, No abortion i.e. G3 P2 L2
A0.
Gravida 1 was a full term normal delivery in hospital, 4½ years, old live female child. No history
of antenatal intrapartum and postpartum complications. She had received 2 doses of Tetanus
Toxoid.
Gravida 2 was a full term normal delivery at home, not conducted by medical Practitioner.
5. Past History :
Ask history of Diabetes, Hypertension, Rheumatic fever, Heart disease and any other major
medical illness.
6. Family History :
7. Personal History :
Ask about sleep, appetite, bladder and bowel habits, and addictions to smoking or drinking. Ask
also about the mental state and problems in family life.
The General Examination in an obstetric case should always start with height and weight of the
patient. Special stress should be given on 4 points - Pulse, Blood Pressure (in 15° lateral tilt if
pregnancy is beyond 28 weeks), Pallor and Edema.
If B.P. is on higher side or PIH is suspected, calculate Mean Arterial Pressure and perform roll over
test.
Examine the breasts for normal changes in pregnancy like engorgement, striae, deeply pigmented
primary areolae, secondary areolae and Montgomery's tubercles.
A routine examination of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems should be carried out, with
detailed examination if there is a suggestion of any abnormality from history or examination.
No pallor, minimal pitting edema over the ankles, No cyanosis, clubbing or lymphadenopathy.
Breasts are engorged, with deeply pigmented primary and secondary areolae, and Montgomery's
tubercles.
Nipples are normal, no cracks.
On Systemic Examination,
R.S. is normal, no extra sounds.
Heart sounds are normal, no murmur.
On Inspection,
Measurements :
1. Palpate the height of the uterus and note whether it corresponds to the period of amenorrhoea or
not.
2. Measure the height of uterus from the upper border of symphysis pubis in cms. and calculate the
estimated fetal age and weight by McDonald's formula.
eg. On inspection, the abdomen is uniformly distended. Linea Nigra and Striae Gravidarum are
seen.
Measurements: Fundal height corresponds to 32 weeks.
The height of uterus from symphysis pubis is 28 cms.
So, by McDonald's formula the gestational age is 32 weeks,
and estimated fetal weight is 2480 gms.
Abdominal girth is 60 cms.
On Palpation,
At this stage, you should be knowing the lie, presentation and position of the fetus.
On Ausculation,
Palpate the anterior shoulder and auscultate for the fetal heart sounds. Note the site where they are
best heard, the rate and whether they are regular or irregular.
Eg. FHS are 140/min., regular and best heard midway between umbilicus and left ASIS.
DIAGNOSIS:
3rd Gravida, - with 32 weeks pregnancy, with longitudinal lie, Cephalic presentation, - in left
occipito-anterior position - with - (complications if any).
This is the second case presentation, in the series of Cassette-Clinics in Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya of The Karnatak Health Institute, Ghataprabha.
19 yrs old primigravida, ... Renuka Wader, ... from Kadegaon, ... Labourer by occupation. and from
low socio-economic class, ...
Menstrual History: Regular menstruations with 3-4 days flow, every 30 days.
LMP: Exact date of Last menstrual period is not known. But last menses were 4 days before
Ganapati festival, which was in September this year, so Expected date of delivery will be in the
month of May.
Past History : No H/O Hypertension, Diabetes, Kidney disease or any major illness in the past.
Family History: No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension or any major illnesses in the family.
No History suggestive of Pregnancy induced Hypertension, Eclampsia or Twins in mother or sister.
On General Examination,
The patient is averagely built, and averagely nourished, conscious and co-operative.
Height is 150 cms, ... weight is 52 kg.
Patient has mild pallor, and bilateral pitting edema of legs and hands.
Per abdomen,
Fundal height corresponds to 32 weeks .... Height of uterus is 26 cms. So the estimated fetal weight
is 2120 gms.
Breech is felt at the fundus, Back on the left side, and knob-like limbs on the right side.
On pelvic grip, hard, round, ballotable head is felt.
On Auscultation,
FHS are 140/ min, regular, best heard midway between umbilicus and left ASIS.
My Diagnosis is,
Primigravida, with 32 weeks pregnancy, with longitudinal lie, Cephalic presentation and left
occipito-anterior position, with Hypertension, probably Pregnancy Induced Hypertension.
This is the third case presentation, in the series of Cassette- Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya.
19 yrs old primigravida, Shahanaz Mulani, from Bijapur, .. housewife by occupation, ... comes with
history of - 5 1/2 mths amenorrhoea.
She complains of - Breathlessness and palpitations since 2 months, and edema over the legs since 1
month.
The patient was apparently alright, 2 months back, when she started experiencing breathlessness
and palpitations. The breathlessness has gradually increased and at present she gets breathless while
doing household work, ie. Dyspnoea Grade II.
Menstrual cycles are regular, 3-4 days every 28 days, with moderate flow.
LMP is 3rd July 2009, ... Expected date of delivery is 10th April 2010.
There is H/O swelling and pain in knee joints 4 yrs back, but has not received any specific
treatment or monthly injections.
Family History: No H/O Eclampsia, PIH, Hypertension or any other major illness in the family.
Personal History :
Sleep is disturbed due to breathlessness.
On General Examination,
The apex beat is in left 5th inter-costal space, in mid-clavicular line and of tapping character.
There is a loud first heart sound, with low-pitched, rumbling, mid-diastolic murmur, with pre-
systolic accentuation.
Per abdomen,
My diagnosis is Primigravida - with 22 weeks pregnancy, with Mitral stenosis grade III, probably
of rheumatic origin.
This is the Fourth case presentation, in the series of Cassette- Clinics in Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya.
25 yrs old 3rd gravida, .. Renuka Patil, .. from Kolhapur, .. Housewife by occupation, .. comes with
History of 5 months amenorrhoea for antenatal checkup.
No H/O Edema
No H/O Palpitations, Cough, or Chest pain.
No H/O Fever,
No H/O Menorrhagia, Polymenorrhoea, or Post-partum bleeding in the previous pregnancies.
No H/O Worm infestations, or Per Rectal bleeding.
No History suggestive of Malaria or Jaundice.
Menstrual History:
Menarche at 13 yrs of age.
Previous cycles were regular, with 3-4 days flow every 30 days.
LMP - exact date is not known.
G2 was also a full term normal home delivery, .. 2 yrs old living female child, ... Had not received
any antenatal or postnatal care, ... No H/O excessive bleeding, ... No H/O fever or foul smelling
lochia after the delivery.
Past History:
There is no Past H/O Tuberculosis, Hypertension, or Diabetes.
Family History:
No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension or any major illnesses in the family.
No H/O Pregnancy Induced Hypertension or Twins in the family.
Personal History:
Sleep, appetite are normal.
Bowel habits are normal.
On General Examination,
Per abdomen,
Liver and spleen are not palpable.
Cardio-vascular system: There is tachycardia, and a soft systolic murmur without a palpable thrill
in the pulmonary area - not conducted to other parts of precordium.
My diagnosis is : Third Gravida, ... with 20 weeks pregnancy, ... with anemia, ... probably Iron
deficiency anemia.
This is the fifth case presentation, in the series of Cassette- Clinics in Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya.
23 yrs old 2nd Gravida, Sunita Patil from Sangli, comes with H/O 8 1/2 months amenorrhoea, for
antenatal checkup.
Menstrual History:
• Menarche at 13 yrs, regularly menstruating with 3-4 days moderate flow.
• L.M.P. is 24th March 2009
• E.D.D. is 31 st December 2009
Gravida 1 was Full term Caesarian section at Government Hospital, 2 years back, Living male
child. The exact indication for Caesarian section is not known to the patient, but it probably it was
cephalo-pelvic disproportion.
The previous caeserian section was performed under General Anesthesia.
The Baby's weight was 3.2 kg.
No H/O Puerperal pyrexia, wound infection or foul smelling lochia.
Past History :
No H/O Hypertension, Diabetes, Kidney disease or any major illness in the past.
Family History:
No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension or any major illnesses in the family.
No H/O Pregnancy Induced Hypertension or Twins in the family.
On Examination,
Per abdomen,
Linear infra-umbilical midline scar is seen.
Uterine height corresponds to 36 weeks, and is 32 cms,
So, Estimated fetal weight is 3100 gms.
Estimated fetal age is 37 weeks.
Abdominal Girth is 58 cms.
On Palpation,
Breech is felt at the fundus, .. Back is felt on the left side, ... and limbs on the right side.
On Auscultation,
FHS are best heard between umbilicus and left anterior superior iliac spine, 140/ min, regular.
My Diagnosis is,
2nd Gravida, with 36 wks pregnancy, with longitudinal lie, cephalic presentation, in left occipito-
anterior position, with previous LSCS with Cephalo-pelvic disproportion.
TWIN PREGNANCY
This is the sixth case presentation, in the series of Cassette- Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya.
22 yrs. old 2nd gravida, Vidya Joshi, a housewife from Sangli, with History of - 8 months
amenorrhoea, coming for ANC check up, complains of
G1 was full term normal Hospital Delivery. 3 yrs. old male living child. Has received 2 doses of
Tetanus toxoid in the 1st pregnancy.
Family History:
No H/O Twin pregnancy or Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in the family.
No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension or any major illnesses in the family.
Personal History:
On Examination,
Per abdomen,
On Inspection,
Uterine height corresponds to 36 weeks, ie. 4 weeks larger than the period of gestation - and it is
33cms. As measured from the symphysis pubis.
Striae gravidarum and linea nigra are seen.
Umbilicus is protruding, other hernial sites are normal.
On Palpation,
My Diagnosis is,
Second Gravida with 8 months amenorrrhoea, with twin pregnancy, with longitudinal lie, ... one
vertex and one breech.
This is the Seventh case presentation, in the series of Cassette- Clinics in Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya of Karnatak Health Institute, Ghataprabha
23 yrs old 2nd gravida, Savita Deshpande, a housewife from Ghataprabha, comes with History of 9
months amenorrhoea, for antenatal check up.
Menstrual History:
Menarche at 14 yrs age, Menstrual cycles regular 4/28 days, moderate flow,
LMP is 28th September 1989.
EDD is 27th June 1990.
Obstetric History :
She is married 4 yrs back,
Obstetric status – G1 P1 L1 A0
G1 was full term breech delivery in Hospital, 2 yrs. living female child. Baby cried immediately
after birth. Weight of the baby is not known. She had not received any antenatal check up in that
pregnancy.
G2 is the present pregnancy. She came once in the 6th month and has received one dose of Tetanus
toxoid.
Past History:
No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension or any major illness in the past.
Family History:
No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension or any major illnesses in the family.
No H/O Pregnancy Induced Hypertension or Twins in the family.
Personal History:
Sleep, appetite are normal.
Bladder & bowel habits are normal.
On General Examination,
On Palpation,
On Fundal grip, hard, round, ballotable head is felt.
Curved back is felt on the left side, and knob like limbs on the right side.
Firm, irregular, non-ballotable breech is felt on pelvic grip.
On Auscultation,
FHS are heard just above and to the left of the umbilicus, 140 / minute, regular.
My diagnosis is : 2nd gravida, with 36 wks pregnancy, with longitudinal lie - breech presentation,
.. with left sacro-anterior ie. Breech1 position.
This is the Eighth case presentation, in the series of Cassette- Clinics in Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya of Karnatak Health Institute, Ghataprabha
22 yrs old female patient Anusuya Chougule, a housewife from Kalloli, was admitted in this
hospital on 23rd April 2009
She came with H/O 4 months amenorrhoea, complaining of pain in abdomen and PV bleeding since
1 day.
Patient initially had spotting and then the bleeding increased in quantity and is bright red in colour.
No H/O passing Vesicles.
Menstrual History:
Menarche at 13 yrs.
Regularly menstruating, with 3 to 4 days flow every 30 days.
LMP: on 4th Jan 2009
Obstetric History:
Married 4 yrs back. G2, P1, L1, A0.
G 1 was a full term, normal hospital delivery 2 yrs living male child.
G2 is the present pregnancy.
Past history:
No HIO Diabetes, Hypertension or Tuberculosis in the past.
Family History:
No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension or any major illnesses in the family.
No H/O Pregnancy Induced Hypertension or Twins in the family.
Personal History :
Sleep & appetite are normal. Bowel, bladder habits are normal.
On General Examination:
My Diagnosis is,
This is a case of 2nd gravida, with 4 months amenorrhoea, with PV bleeding, probably due to
inevitable abortion.
PURPERIUM
This is the Ninth case presentation, in the series of Cassette- Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
prepared by Dr. Mrs. Swati Vaidya, of Karnatak Health Institute, Ghataprabha
25 yrs old patient, ... Sunita Kadam, ... a housewife from Nagpur, … was admitted to this hospital,
on 20th February 2009, with history of 9 months amenorrhoea, and delivered on 21st February at 8
am.
Menstrual History :
Menarche at 13 yrs of age, ... regularly menstruating woman, ... with 3-4 days flow every 30 days.
LMP was 14th May 2008
History of Labour:
Patient was admitted on 20th February, with mild labour pains, ... There was no leaking . . .. Soap
water enema was given.
She started getting strong pains from 10 pm, Membranes ruptured at 6 am next morning, The first
stage lasted for 8 hours. The second stage lasted for 1/2 hour and the placenta delivered within 15
minutes.
Past History:
No H/O Diabetes, Hypertension, Tuberculosis, or any other Major illnesses in the past.
On Examination,
Patient is averagely built and averagely nourished.
Pulse is 90/ min, regular, good volume.
Blood pressure is 110 / 70 mm of Hg,
Patient is afebrile.
There is mild pallor, no edema, icterus or cyanosis.
Respiratory system is normal, no adventitious sounds.
Heart sounds are normal, no murmur.
On Examination of Breasts,
Breasts are slightly engorged and tender, nipples are normal, and yellowish white milk can be
expressed,
No cracks, fissures or retraction of nipple,
On Examination of abdomen,
On inspection, ... the abdomen is lax, Linea nigra and striae gravidarum are seen.
A supra pubic bulge is seen.
On Palpation, ... Abdomen is soft,.
Uterus is globular, hard, 1" below the umbilicus.
Liver and spleen are not palpable
2. BOOK
GENERAL PRACTICE: A Practical manual ~ 4th Edition [June 2010]
The most useful book for every practitioner, covering all aspects of General Practice.
A detailed symptom-wise prescriber, a systematic Clinical approach for each symptom,
Emergencies, Procedures, Hints to start a new Practice, Record keeping, Medicolegal
aspects, Drug index, Practical hints and Medical Ethics.
New Additions = Instant Relief, Diet & Exercise prescriptions, Medical Camps,
Traveler patient, More symptoms covered and all therapeutics updated, Audio
Lectures.
• The Largest selling book on General Practice, now in fourth edition, with FREE CD
• The book proven to be the best colleague on table for every practitioner for last
more than ten years
• 60000 + copies sold
SURGERY SET
- Now as MP3 CD with e-book. Previously- A set of 5 cassettes and a booklet
MEDICINE SET
- Now as MP3 CD with e-book. Previously- A set of 6 cassettes and a booklet
OBSTETRICS SET
By Dr. Mrs. Swati G. Vaidya MD (Gyn)
- Now as MP3 CD with e-book. Previously- A set of 4 cassettes and a booklet
Covers 9 Obstetric cases: Antenatal check up, Pre-eclamptic Toxemia, Heart disease,
Anemia, Previous Caesarian, Twins, Breech, Bleeding in Pregnancy, And Puerperium.
(With detailed discussion of investigations and treatment). Also includes Plan of treatment
of Gynecological disorders.
Recommended for students: Set of three Audio CDs + Video CDs- (1) Clinical examination
in surgery, (2) Operative surgery & (3) GP Clinics video
Recommended For General Practitioners: The Book + Video CDs- (1) GP Clinics Video,
(2) ECG & (3) Radiology. (+ Other CDs, if of interest)
01/01/2010
Ordering Information
Customers from Mumbai can order their requirements either by e-mail or over telephone and the
supply will be arranged to their address with nominal delivery charges. Payment will be collected
in cash against delivery.
Customers from out of Mumbai can order their requirements either by e-mail or over telephone and
supply can be arranged by any of the following mode-
1. By making payment in advance through cheque/draft in the name of Bhalani Medical Book
House and forward by post/courier to our address and the supply will be arranged by
post/surface courier for direct delivery. (No any commission payable & only postage
charged) (Delivery 3 to 5 days).
OR
A) HDFC Bank- account No. 03572000002955 in the name of Bhalani Medical Book
House, Mumbai
B) Canara Bank- account No. 0110261021624 a/c in the name of Bhalani Medical Book
House, Mumbai
And the supply will be arranged by surface courier for direct delivery. (Courier charges
extra and no any commission payable) (Delivery 3 to 5 days)
Video CDs: Prices as mentioned above + Postage Rs. 50/- for 1 set, Rs 100/- for 2 or
more sets.
Audio CDs (3): Rs.450/- [Surgery CD + Medicine CD + Obstetrics CD] + Postage Rs. 50/-
= Rs.500/-
Book: General Practice –A Practical manual, 3rd Edition, Price Rs. 395/- and discounted
Rs. 350/- inclusive of postage.
Payment by M.O. (Money order by Post), or D.D. (Bank Demand Draft) In favor of
“Bhalani Medical Book House”, payable at Any Bank at ‘Mumbai’. Or payment on bank
account as mentioned above.
Order should be accompanied by a letter mentioning your complete postal address
and the list of CDs and books required.
On receipts of payment, The CDs/Book are dispatched by surface courier.
CDs and book are also available at all major Medical Booksellers in India and from
the author.