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Group Assignment 2 Statistic

The document discusses a study that analyzed road rage incidents by day of the week. A chi-square goodness of fit test was used to determine if road rage incidents were more likely on some days than others. The results of the test show that the chi-square statistic is greater than the critical value, so the null hypothesis that incidents are equally likely on all days is rejected. Therefore, there is sufficient evidence that road rage incidents are more likely to occur on some days of the week compared to others.

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Yuyus Rifmawan
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179 views3 pages

Group Assignment 2 Statistic

The document discusses a study that analyzed road rage incidents by day of the week. A chi-square goodness of fit test was used to determine if road rage incidents were more likely on some days than others. The results of the test show that the chi-square statistic is greater than the critical value, so the null hypothesis that incidents are equally likely on all days is rejected. Therefore, there is sufficient evidence that road rage incidents are more likely to occur on some days of the week compared to others.

Uploaded by

Yuyus Rifmawan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Group Assignment 2

The report Controlling Road Rage: A Literature Review and Pilot Study was prepared for the AAA
Foundation for Traffic Safety by D. Rathbone and J. Huckabee. The authors discussed the results of
a literature review and pilot study on how to prevent aggressive driving and road rage. Road rage
is defined as “… an incident in which an angry or impatient motorist or passenger intentionally
injures or kills another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian, or attempts or threatens to injure or kill
another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian.” One aspect of the study was to investigate road rage
as a function of the day of the week. The following table provides a frequency distribution for the
days on which 69 road-rage incidents occurred.

At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that road-rage
incidents are more likely to occur on some days than on others? Apply the chi-square goodness-of-
fit test, using either the critical-value approach or the P-value approach, to perform the required
hypothesis test.

Answer:

First, determine Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis

H0: There is sufficieint evidence that road - rage incidents are not more likely to occur on some days
than on others

H1: There is sufficieint evidence that road - rage incidents are more likely to occur on some days than
on others.

Known:

n=7

α = 0.05

Find X2stat by using formula as follow:

since it is assumed null hypothesis, the outcome is equal probability, therefore average proportion (pi)
is 1/7 due to we use function of the day in a week.
Next is to calculate expected frequency (fe), by using formula

fe = n x pi

So 69 x (1/7) = 9.857

By apply formula of X2stat, we can create table as follow:

(𝑓0 − 𝑓𝑒 )2
Day f0 fe (f0-fe) (f0-fe)2
𝑓𝑒
Sunday 5 9.857 -4.857 23.59 2.393
Monday 5 9.857 -4.857 23.59 2.393
Tuesday 11 9.857 1.143 1.306 0.132
Wednesday 12 9.857 2.143 4.592 0.466
Thursday 11 9.857 1.143 1.306 0.132
Friday 18 9.857 8.143 66.308 6.727
Saturday 7 9.857 -2.857 8.162 0.828
Total 69 13.071

X2stat is 13.071

Critical value approach:

In order to find critical value of X2;

First, find degree of freedom (df) by using formula

n -1 = 7 - 1 = 6

df = 6

α = 0.05

Apply to Table E.4 for df = 6 and α = 0.05;


Region of
Region of rejection
non-rejection

12.59 X2

The critical value is 12.592

We found that X2 > critical value (13.071 > 12.592); meaning that we reject H0 (the null hypothesis),
and the conclusion is there is sufficieint evidence that road - rage incidents are more likely to occur
on some days than on others.

ρ-value approach:

ρ-value ≤ α; reject the null hypothesis.

ρ-value > α; fail to reject the null hypothesis.


Since X2stat = 13.071 and df = 6, we apply this number into table E.4 as follow:

We found that ρ-value is between 0.05 and 0.025 or 0.05 > ρ-value > 0.025 or 0.025 < ρ-value < 0.05

Since ρ-value < α (0.05), therefore reject H0 (the null hypothesis) and the conclusion is there is
sufficieint evidence that road - rage incidents are more likely to occur on some days than on others.

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