Virtual Passover Seder Haggadah
Virtual Passover Seder Haggadah
Virtual Passover Seder Haggadah
Decided
to Attend
a Virtual
Seder...
A Haggadah by
Remy and Scott Salmon
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Let My People
Shelter-In-Place
Tonight, as we gather virtually from the safety of our respective homes, we observe an ancient festival
that recalls the slavery of our people and their deliverance out of bondage. Through the ages, Jews have
commemorated the Exodus in order to remember that our ancestors were once slaves in the land of
Egypt, which apparently is an easy thing to forget.
This Seder is not just a series of prayers to be said quickly in order to get to the meal. It is a ritual that
connects us to our past. We must also leave enough time for the brisket to cool and the flavors to set.
The Seder — which means “order” — consists of fifteen different steps; over time, additional customs,
songs and hymns have been added. A Seder Plate with specific foods is prepared before the meal and
all bread and leavened products are removed from the home before the holiday begins to fulfill the
Torah commandment that during this week of observance “no leaven shall be found in your homes.”
Each year, we are encouraged to discover new things in the Seder, and in every generation, each one of
us is meant to feel as if we “came forth” out of Egypt. It is in this spirit that the story is told and handed
down, as each generation knowing it has the responsibility to tell the story to the next generation. This
is more important than ever as COVID-19 threatens to destroy the very fabric of society as we know it,
much like Skynet in The Terminator (1984).
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What’s On The Table
The table should be set with the following special items:
• The Seder plate, which contains, in clockwise order:
Shank bone – zeroa – lamb or roasted chicken leg bone
Charoset – a mixture of nuts, fruit, wine, and spices
Bitter herbs – maror – typically red or white horseradish
Vegetable – karpas – parsley or any other vegetable, such as potatoes
Egg – beitzah – a roasted hard-boiled egg
• A covered plate that holds three pieces of matzah.
• A bowl of salt water.
• A wine glass for each person. Each participant will drink four cups of kosher wine or
grape juice during the Seder.
• A n extra wine glass for Elijah the Prophet.
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Lighting the Candles
Our holiday begins just before sundown (Eastern Standard Time,
adjusted for Daylight Savings Time, as foretold by the Talmud)
with the lighting of two candles accompanied by a blessing. On
Friday night, an additional blessing is added for the Sabbath.
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Kaddish
The First Cup of Wine
Fill the first cup of wine.
It is our custom to drink four cups of wine during the Seder. You’re welcome to drink even more,
since we’re all quarantined inside and can’t drive anywhere.
Wine is a symbol of joy and happiness and we thank God that we are able to gather together again
with friends and family to observe this tradition just as our ancestors have done for centuries.
Raise wine glasses and recite the following together before drinking:
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Urchatz
Washing Hands
Water plays an important part in the Passover story. We wash our hands twice at our Seder,
but since we will not be eating yet, we do not recite any blessings at this time.
Everyone wash their hands.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that, when washing hands,
you follow these five steps:
1. W
et your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap.
2. L
ather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands,
between your fingers, and under your nails.
3. S crub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Options include:
“ Jolene, Jolene, Jolene, Jolene, I’m begging of you please don’t take my man. Jolene, Jolene, Jolene,
Jolene. Please don’t take him just because you can.”
“We will, we will, rock you.” (must be sung three times)
4. Rinse your hands well under clean, running water.
5. Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.
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Karpas
Rebirth and Renewal
At our Seder, we are meant to feel a connection with the food we
eat from the land, and to celebrate the beginning of Spring. Spring
reminds us that we are again given a chance for renewal; a new
chance to create peace and goodness in our world. We dip karpas
— parsley or celery — to symbolize this renewal. The salt water
symbolizes the bitter tears shed by our ancestors in slavery.
“Karpas Diem.”
- Ancient Latin Proverb
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Yachatz
Break the Middle Matzah
There are three pieces of matzah stacked on the table. The middle matzah
on the plate is broken in half. One half is put back with the stack; the other
half is placed in a napkin (or special holder) and designated the Afikomen
(the dessert) and put aside.
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The Four Questions
Questioning is a healthy sign of freedom. Many Jews (and lawyers) consider it a religion unto
its own. Asking questions is so fundamental that, according to the rabbis, even if one finds
oneself alone on Passover, the Four Questions should be asked aloud.
Traditionally, the youngest child is called upon to ask these four questions about the
differences that mark this night. The rabbis say that we do this so the children will pay
attention and not fall asleep. We say that it is done because it is very cute.
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The Four Answers
Why is this night different from all other nights?
OVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
C
2 (SARS-CoV-2). The World Health Organization (“WHO”) has characterized it as a global
pandemic, and roughly one-third of the world population (2.6 billion people) is currently under
government-mandated quarantine. Along with the reasons described below, this is why this night is
different from all other nights.
Why is it that on all other nights during the year we eat either leavened bread or
matzah, but on this night we eat only matzah?
e eat matzah because when our ancestors were told by Pharaoh that they could leave Egypt, they
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had no time to allow their bread to rise, so they baked hurriedly, without leavening. Today, it can be
bought at any convenience or grocery store in the “ethnic” section.
Why is it that on all other nights we eat all kinds of vegetables, but on this night we
eat bitter herbs?
t the Seder, we eat bitter herbs to remind us of the bitterness our ancestors experienced when they
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were oppressed as slaves.
Why is it that on all other nights we do not dip our food even once, but on this night
we dip them twice?
t the Seder table, we dip food twice; once in salt water to remind us of the tears shed in slavery and
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again in charoset, to remind us that there is sweetness even in bitter times. It also serves to whet
your appetite before the big meal.
Why is it that on all other nights we dine either sitting upright or reclining, but on
this night we all recline?
As a sign of freedom, we lean and relax as we partake in wine and food.
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The Four Children
The Torah describes four children who ask questions about the Exodus.
Tradition teaches that these verses refer to four different types of children.
HOST: You there, (Name of Seder Guest) , the wisest of all my children. Do you have a question for me?
WISE CHILD: Yes, I do! What’s the deal with Passover? Why are we doing this?
HOST: Ah, my wise child. Thank you for asking that wise question. I must teach you the rules of observing the
holiday of Passover. That may take a while, so we’ll circle back to this. What now, (Name of Seder Guest) ,
the most wicked of my children?
WICKED CHILD: (Maniacal laughter) MWAHAHAHA, I am the wicked child! All you fat cats sitting there on your pillows,
with whom I share nothing but mere genetic code, what does this Passover Seder mean to you?
HOST: To me?! Why I oughta... this isn’t about me, you wicked, wicked child. This is about all of us coming
together to celebrate Passover, not everything is about you, you wicked child. Ah, I believe the dud of the
family is trying to say something. Use your words, (Name of Seder Guest) , you simple child!
SIMPLE CHILD: Papa! I’m sorry, where are we? What is happening? Who am I?
HOST: We are here tonight to tell the story of Passover. As for your other questions, I recommend seeking a
licensed psychologist. You child, (Name of Seder Guest) , with the confused look on your face. What
troubles you, my child?
HOST: Well said. I think I know what you’re trying to ask. When you have children of your own, you will tell them
that in the spring of every year we remember how we were brought out of slavery to freedom.
End Scene.
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The Story of Passover
Our story begins millennia ago, when Jacob’s son Joseph arrived in Egypt. Though he entered Egypt a poor
servant, he was soon singled out for his cleverness, his wisdom, and his ability to interpret dreams, thus
beginning the Jewish tradition of bullshitting with the best of them. He ascended to one of the highest positions
in all of Egypt, helping Pharaoh govern the Egyptian people. Joseph’s family soon joined him in Egypt, as did
many, many Israelites. The Israelites prospered, and they multiplied.
Generations went by, and a new Pharaoh arose in Egypt. This Pharaoh did not like the Israelites. They were too
“numerous” for him, and he felt deeply threatened. Pharaoh treated the Israelites very harshly; they worked all
day and all night in awful conditions. They had become the Pharaoh’s slaves, and they were suffering terribly
under his oppressive rule. And yet, still, they managed to survive and even increase in numbers.
Dismayed and disturbed, the Pharaoh took action against the Israelites. He declared that all sons born to
Hebrew women must be killed. But two brave Hebrew midwives, Shifrah and Puah, defied the Pharaoh’s decree.
They could not hurt any baby they helped bring into the world.
Another courageous woman, by the name of Yocheved, gave birth to a son. She decided to place him in a
basket and put the basket in the river Nile, near the place where people came to bathe. Her baby was found by
none other than the Pharoah’s daughter, who scooped him up and raised him as her own. She named the baby
Moses, meaning “drawn from the water.” It is rumored that other discussed names included “Frankie,” “Craig,”
and “Rupert.” In need of a wet nurse, Pharaoh’s daughter asked, of all people, Moses’ birth mother, Yocheved,
to fill the position. Yochaved was in need of a job at the time, as her office branch had recently closed and her
severance was drawing to an end. Moses grew up well loved in the palace of the Pharaoh.
As Moses got older, he began to recognize the oppression of his people. When he witnessed an Egyptian
taskmaster beating a Hebrew slave, Moses became enraged and killed the taskmaster, like a total boss. Realizing
what he had done, Moses fled the palace and ended up in Midian, where he got married and became a
shepherd. Midian is located on the northwest Arabian Peninsula, on the east shore of the Gulf of Aqaba on the
Red Sea, in case you’re interested.
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One day, while guiding his flock, Moses came upon a curious sight; it was a burning bush, but the bush would
not be consumed. It wasn’t burning up! Obviously, Moses had to check this out. There, Moses heard a voice.
One that was different than the ones he normally heard in his head. For this was the voice of God. God spoke to
Moses saying that he, along with his brother Aaron, would be the one to take the Israelites out of Egypt. Unsure
of himself and his abilities as a leader, Moses questioned God’s decision, but God knew Moses was the right
person for the job.
Moses then returned to Egypt, where he and Aaron approached the Pharaoh. Moses said to Pharoah, “Let my
people go!” but Pharaoh answered, “No!” Moses assured Pharaoh that God would punish him if Pharaoh did
not relent. And so began a forceful and frightening campaign of plagues that God sent upon Pharaoh and the
Egyptian people.
There were 10 plagues in total: blood, frogs, lice, wild beasts, diseases, boils, hail, locusts, darkness, and the most
severe of all, the death of every Egyptian first-born son. In order to protect the Israelite children from the Angel
of Death, the Israelites marked their doors with lamb’s blood, so that their houses would be passed over (hence
the name, “Passover”). With every plague, Pharaoh hardened his heart more and more and refused to take his
cholesterol medicine. But with that final blow, Pharaoh surrendered and ordered the Israelites to leave Egypt.
We are taught that the Israelites were in such a hurry to leave Egypt that their bread had no time to rise. That’s
why we eat the unleavened bread, called matzah – in remembrance of their hasty, harrowing escape.
No sooner did the Israelites leave Egypt than the Pharaoh changed his mind. Pharaoh immediately sent his
armies after the Israelites. Even at the time, this was considered a real jerk move. They were gaining on them
with every minute that passed! The Israelites fled as fast as they could. But they soon reached a great body of
water. With the sea in front of them and Pharaoh’s armies behind them, they would surely perish!
The Israelites cried out to God, and, miraculously, God heard them. With an outstretched arm, God parted
the sea in front of them. The Israelites walked through the body of water on dry land! As soon as they passed
through, the sea closed up, saving our people from the hands of the Egyptians and beginning the Israelites’
epic journey to the Promised Land. Unfortunately, the first GPS satellite, Navstar 1, would not launch until
February 22, 1978, so what should have been an eight-day walk according to Google Maps turned into a
40-year adventure.
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The Plagues
As we rejoice at our deliverance from slavery, we acknowledge that our
freedom was hard-earned. We regret that freedom came at the cost of
others’ suffering, for we are all made in the image of God. We pour out a
drop of wine as we recite each of the plagues.
Dip a finger or a spoon into your wine glass for a drop for each plague.
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Find That Plague!
Find something in your house that represents one
of the plagues. Be as creative as you want! When we
return we will show and tell. You have two minutes.
On your marks, get set, let my people... GO!
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COVID-19: Today’s Plague
Excerpt from “The Power of Passover During a Plague” By Alana Newhouse | March 30, 2020
“The Passover Seder centers on the experience of being thrust out of our homes, but these days we feel
trapped inside of them. The story involves miraculous plagues that saved us; today we pray for the
end of one. There’s the commandment to clean our homes of all non-Passover food, which we just
spent innumerable hours and dollars hoarding.
Most Jews throughout history have not been free, whether from murderous regimes or famines or
pandemics. What we have been is devoted to the idea that we deserve to be. “The Haggadah’s purpose
is not, in fact, to present a narrative,” Rabbi Mendel Herson, associate dean of the Rabbinical College
of America, explained to me. “It’s a how-to guide to finding our own personal liberation.”
The text of the Haggadah is not a retelling of the liberation story itself but a record of agreements
and disagreements among its interpreters, because it is not the God-driven part of the story that we
should be focused on but the human-driven one. God will come to help when God comes to help;
the question is what we do between now and then.
We may be away from loved ones, or shut out of communal spaces. We may not be preparing with
the same vigor, or shopping with the same zeal. But we will do what millions of Jews have done
before us: manifest our hope for liberation.
That is our obligation, and our privilege. All the more so in moments when the taste of freedom —
from oppression, from want, from disease — is not yet ours.”
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Mi Shebeirach
A Prayer for Healing
Unlike the previous ten plagues that we discussed, nobody deserves
what we are going through now and we cannot stop it with just a
simple command. For all those who are hurting, we sing this prayer in
the hopes that they see better health in the days ahead.
Mi shebeirach avoteinu
M’kor hab’racha l’imoteinu
May the source of strength,
Who blessed the ones before us,
Help us find the courage to make our lives a blessing,
and let us say, Amen.
Mi shebeirach imoteinu
M’kor habrachah l’avoteinu
Bless those in need of healing with r’fuah sh’leimah,
The renewal of body, the renewal of spirit,
And let us say, Amen.
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Dayeinu
A Medieval addition to the Haggadah, this hymn originally contained
fifteen verses mirroring the fifteen steps in the Seder. Ain’t nobody got time for that.
The plagues and our subsequent redemption are but one example
of the care God has shown for us in our history.
Had God but done any one of these kindnesses, it would have been enough—Dayeinu
Had New Jersey only allowed alcohol be delivered directly to your door—Dayeinu
Had Congress only passed a law deferring and forgiving certain student loan debt—Dayeinu
Had live video chat services only allowed us to mute annoying relatives during Seder—Dayeinu
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Symbols
Pesach The shank bone represents the “pesach,” the special lamb sacrifice
made in the days of the Temple for the Passover holiday. It is called the
pesach, from the Hebrew word meaning “to pass over,” because God
passed over the houses of our ancestors when visiting plagues upon our
oppressors. It also represents a sharpened toothbrush used by prisoners
in jail to shank other prisoners who have stepped on their turf.
Matzah The matzah reminds us that when our ancestors were finally free
to leave Egypt, there was no time to pack or prepare. Our ancestors
grabbed whatever dough was made and set out on their journey, letting
their dough bake into matzah as they fled. Unfortunately, the dough
they left behind was our inheritence.
Maror The bitter herbs provide a visceral reminder of the bitterness of slavery,
the life of hard labor our ancestors experienced. In no way does this
not quite capture just how horrible slavery is, but this is what happens
when the Big Herb industry is allowed to corner the liturgical market.
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Kaddish
The Second Cup of Wine
Fill the second cup of wine.
Our God and God of our ancestors, help us celebrate future holidays and
festivals in peace, health, and joy.
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Rachtzah
Washing Hands Part 2
As we now transition from the formal telling of the Passover story to the
celebratory meal, we once again wash our hands to prepare ourselves and
to defeat the deadly scourge of COVID-19.
Blessed are You, our God, Ruler of the Universe, who hallows our lives
with mitzvot and commands us to wash our hands.
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Motzi Matzah
Blessing over the Meal and Matzah
This blessing marks the formal start of the meal. Because we are using matzah instead of bread, we add a
blessing celebrating this mitzvah. Think of this like a Jewish version of saying grace.
The upper and middle piece of the three matzot are broken and distributed
among the group as we recite together:
Baruch Atah Adonai, Eloheinu Melech ha-olam, ha-motzi lechem min ha-aretz.
Baruch Atah Adonai, Eloheinu Melech ha-olam, asher kidishanu b’mitzvo-tav v’tzivanu al a-chilat matzoh
Blessed are You, our God, who brings forth bread from the earth.
Blessed are You, our God, who hallows our lives with commandments,
and enjoins us to partake in eating matzah.
Everyone eats a portion of the two matzot
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Maror/Charoset
Combining the bitter herbs with the charoset
We now dip our food for a second time, unless you’ve been indulging off-camera.
Each of us will take a bit of the maror, the bitter herb, and dip it into the charoset
— a mixture of chopped apples, nuts, wines and spices. We acknowledge that life
is bittersweet. The sweet taste of charoset symbolizes that no matter how bitter and
dark the present appears, we should look forward to better days. As we remember
our ancestors, this is a time to be appreciative of everything we have; a time to be
grateful for all the gifts we have been given.
Blessed are You, our God, who hallows our lives with commandments,
and enjoins us to eat the bitter herbs.
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Shulchan Orech
The Meal
Here it is. What you’ve all been waiting for. We’ve been so close for so long, but the host wouldn’t stop
yapping. But worry not, intrepid adventurers of the Jewish faith. We have made it to the Promised
Land. No, it did not take us forty years, just forty minutes. And yet, even though that is but a mere
flicker in the grandest test of all, time itself, we can say with absolute certainty that as your tummy
rumbled, you were grouching, complaining, while on mute (because the host thought about this in
advance and knew what was coming). Patient, you were not.
Actually, before we eat, that reminds me of another story of someone who was impatient. His name was
Robert Moses and the year was 1913. Moses had just graduated from Oxford where he wrote a Ph.D.
dissertation called “The Civil Service of Great Britain.” Civil service reform was the passion of Moses’
youth. In cities around the nation, self-proclaimed “good government” leaders used the issue as a focus
for their attacks on “machine” government. They were impatient young men and women, and Moses
was the most impatient of them all.
If only government jobs were awarded on the basis of “merit,” then “efficiency” could be restored to the
system. This was gospel for Moses and the Progressives. They assumed that clear standards could exist
and believed that they were the only ones who could define them.
Much of what Moses did in those early years was beyond reproach. After a stint at the Bureau of
Municipal Research, he began to work for New York Governor Al Smith. During the early years, he
supervised the creation of Jones Beach, perhaps the most remarkable public beach in the world, full
of amenities once accessible only to the rich. But Moses did it his way, without interference from the
“tainted” politicians. This time, in Jones Beach, Moses’ work was almost indisputably good for all, but
that would change, as his power became unassailable, his work unaccountable.
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The Afikomen
Below is an image of people irresponsibly violating the rules of social distancing on
a beach. Waldo is wearing more protective gear that others, but he’s still at risk. Can
you spot the afikomen in this image of Waldo and pals spreading COVID-19?
wallpaperplay.com/board/waldo-wallpapers
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Birkat Hamazon
Blessing After the Meal
Traditionally, a series of prayers and blessings after eating are now recited in
Hebrew. Most of you will tune out now, but we march on towards greatness.
Together we say:
We have eaten this Passover meal as a free people and we give thanks to
God for his many blessings. Preserve us in life, sustain us with good and
honorable work and make us worthy. Bless this home, this table, and all
assembled here; may all our loved ones share our blessings.
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Kaddish
The Third Cup of Wine
Even though you may be full of food and slightly drunk already, the blessing over
the meal is immediately followed by another blessing over the wine:
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Elijah
The Only Person Not Subject to Shelter-In-Place Laws
Now that we have eaten all the food, we open the front door to invite the
Prophet Elijah to join our Seder so he can finish off the booze. If the Prophet
Elijah Muhammad of the Nation of Islam comes in, feel free to welcome him
in, depending on where you stand with his dispute with Malcolm X.
Eliyahu hanavi
Eliyahu hatishbi
Eliyahu, Eliyahu, Eliyahu hagiladi
Bimheirah v’yameinu, yavo eileinu
Im mashiach ben-David,
Im mashiach ben-David
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Hallel
The Fourth Cup of Wine
Fill the fourth cup of wine.
We now refill our wine glasses one last time (we all know this is a lie, but roll
with it) and give thanks. As our Seder comes to an end, we drink the fourth cup
of wine. This cup recalls our covenant with God and the tasks that await us as a
people called to service. L’Chaim! We made it!
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Nirtzah
The End
Our Seder now ends. Historically, we say, “Next year in Jerusalem. Next year
may all people everywhere be free!” Today, we say, “Next year in the same
room together. Next year may all people everywhere be healthy and free
from quarantine!”
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Sources
THE PASSOVER HAGGADAH
A GUIDE TO THE SEDER
By The Jewish Federation of North America
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