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Tutorial 1 Linear Algebra

This document provides a tutorial on matrices operations, systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and vector analysis. It contains 16 problems covering topics such as matrix multiplication and inversion, solving systems of equations using various methods, finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices, performing vector operations like addition and cross product, and finding equations of lines and planes. The document provides step-by-step solutions for all problems presented in the tutorial.

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木辛耳总
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© © All Rights Reserved
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222 views

Tutorial 1 Linear Algebra

This document provides a tutorial on matrices operations, systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and vector analysis. It contains 16 problems covering topics such as matrix multiplication and inversion, solving systems of equations using various methods, finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices, performing vector operations like addition and cross product, and finding equations of lines and planes. The document provides step-by-step solutions for all problems presented in the tutorial.

Uploaded by

木辛耳总
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UGCM 1653 (Mathematics for Engineering I)

Tutorial 1

Matrices operation and Inverse

1. Find the answer for the following matrices operations below:


a) Find AB

b) Find transpose of the matrix below.

c) Find 2A-3B

d) Find AB

2. Evaluate the following determinants,


−5 4 3 1 2 1
(i) 10 − 7 − 6 (ii) 2 1 1
−8 6 5 1 1 2

3. Find the inverse of the matrix below.


− 4 3 4 
 12 − 9 − 11
 
 − 1 1 1 

4. Both A and B are square matrices such that AB=B-1 . Find A in term of B and
 2 −1
determine the matrix A if given B =   . Also, find β so that
2 0 
β A - 2B-1 + I = 0 where I is the identity matrix.

System of Linear Equations

5. Solve the following system of linear equations below using the method of
inverse matrix.

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UGCM 1653 Tutorial 1

6. Solve the following system of linear equations below using Cramer’s rule.
2 x + y − 3z = 5
3x − 2 y + 2 z = 5
5 x − 3 y − z = 16

7. Solve the following system of linear equations below using Gaussian


elimination method.

2x + 3y − 2z = 5
(i) x − 2 y + 3 z = 2
4x − y + 4z = 1

x + 2 y + 3z = 3
(ii) 2 x + 3 y + 8 z = 4
3 x + 2 y + 17 z = 1
8. Find m so that the system of linear equations
5 x + my = 1
(m + 7) x + 6 y = 2
(i) has infinite solution (ii) has no solution

9. For the matrix equations


1 1 1   x   3 
1 2 3   y  =  6 
    
1 3 k   z   4 + k 
find k so that the system of equations has infinite solution. Solve the equations
for this value of k.

Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

10. Find the eigenvalues of the following matrix


1 1 1
A= 1 1 1
1 1 1
Verify that the sum of the eigenvalues of a matrix is equal to its trace.

 2 2 −1
11. Let B = 1 3 −1 . Given one of the eigenvalues is 4, find the other
 
 0 0 1 
eigenvalues. After that, for the eigenvalue of 4, find the corresponding
eigenvector.

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UGCM 1653 Tutorial 1

2  1 1 2
12. If 2 is one of the eigenvectors of the matrix M =  0 2 2  , find its
 
   
 1   −1 1 3 
corresponding eigenvalue.

13. Find the matrix P that diagonalizes the given matrix A below. After that, find the
diagonal matrix.

Part 2: Vector Analysis

Vectors, Dot Product and Cross Product

Q1. Draw the sum of the vectors a and b as shown in the diagram below.

Q2. If a = < 4,0,3 > and b = < -2,1,5 >, find


i) a+b
ii) a-b
iii) 3b
iv) 2a + 5b

Q3. Find the angle between the vectors a = < 2,2,-1 > and b = <5,-3,2 >.

Q4. Show that vector a = 2i + 2j –k is perpendicular to b = 5i – 4j +2k.

Q5. If vector a = < 1,3,4 > and b = < 2,7,-5 >, find a x b.

Q6. If vector a = < a1, a2, a3 >, show that a x a = 0.

Q7. Find a vector perpendicular to the plane that passes through the points P(1,4,6),
Q(-2,5,-1) and R(1,-1,1).

Q8. A wagon is pulled a distance of 100 m along a horizontal path by a constant


force of 70 N. The handle of the wagon is held at an angle of 35 0 above the
horizontal. Find the work done by the force.
[Notes: The work done by a constant force, F in moving an object through a
distance d as W = Fd if the force is directed along the line of motion of the
object.]

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UGCM 1653 Tutorial 1

Q9. A force is given by a vector F = 3i + 4j + 5k and moves a particle from the point
P(2,1,0) to the point Q(4,6,2). Find the work done.

Q10. A 100-lb weight hangs from two wires as shown in Figure below. Find the
tensions (forces) and in both wires and the magnitudes of the tensions.

Hints:
Use free body diagram as given below

Equation of lines and planes

Q11. Find the equation of the line that passes through the points A(2,4,-3) and B(3,-
1,1). Give your answer in Cartesian form.

Q12. Find the position vector for the intersection between the pair of lines:

   
(   
)    
(  
)
r = 2 i − 4 j + k + t 3i + j − k ; r = − i − 4 j − 2 k + s 2 i + j − 2 k

Q13. Find the shortest distance from the point P = ( 5, 2, −1) to the line

 
(
r = i + λ 2 i + j + 3k .
  
)
Q14. Calculate the distance between the pair of skew lines:


(  
)   
(
r = 7 j + 6k + t −3i + 2 j + 2k ; r = −3i + 6 j − 4k + s 2 i − 5 j + 6k .
      
)

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UGCM 1653 Tutorial 1

Q15. Find the equation of the plane that passes A (1, 0, 2 ) and parallel with another

(
plane r ⋅ 2 i + 3 j − k = 3.
   
)
Q16. Find the perpendicular landing point of the point P (1,5,1) to the line

 
(
  
)
r = 5 j + 2k + s i − 2 j + k . After that, find its distance to the


  
(
line, r = 5 j + 2k + s i − 2 j + k .
  
)

Answer:
1) a) b) c) d) 9

2) i) -1 ii) -4
 2 1 3
3) A = − 1 0 4
−1

 3 1 0 
 − 1 / 2 1 / 2
4) A = (B-1)2 , A=  β =2
 − 1 1 / 2 ,
5) x=-85, y=29, z=4 6) x= 1, y= -3, z= -2
7) i) The system does not have any solutions.
 x  − 1 − 7t 
ii)  y  =  2 + 2t 
 z   t 
8) i) m = 3 ii) m = -10
x  t 
9)  y  = 3 − 2t 
 z   t 
10) eigenvalues = 0, 0 , 3
 x  1
11) λ =1 (repeated),  y  = t 1
 z  0

12) λ = 3
 1 1 1 1   −1 0 3 0 
13) P =  .  . P −1 AP =    
 0 1 or 1 0  ,  0 3  or  0 − 1

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UGCM 1653 Tutorial 1

Part 2 Answer:
Q2)

a) b) c) d)

Q3)

Q4) a.b = 0

Q5)

Q7)

Q8) 5734 J

Q9) 36

Q10)

x−2 y−4 z+3


Q11) t = = =
1 −5 4

Q12) (-7, -7, 4)

Q13) d = 4.183

Q14) d = 6 units

Q15)

Q16) (0, 5, 2), distance = 2

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