Name : Nadia Pratiwi Kasim

Class : E (2018)
NIM : 321418026
Mid Test Writing For Academic Purposes
Cause and Effect Essay

Cause and Effect of Obesity

According to World Health Organisation (2020) “Obesity or overweight are defined as

abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health”. Currently, Obesity has become a big

problem for individuals all around the world. The World Health Organization (2020) state that “Rates

of overweight and obesity continue to grow in adults and children. From 1975 to 2016, the prevalence

of overweight or obese children and adolescents aged 5–19 years increased more than four-fold from

4% to 18% globally”. However, weight gain is not only caused by excess fat, but it can also be caused

by bodily fluids. These conditions can have a dangerous effect on health.There are several causes and

dangerous effects of obesity.

One of the chief causes is genetic factors. Genetic is one of the biggest components that can

lead to obesity. As shown by Bincang Sehati DAAI TV (2019), in conversation with Dr. Meirdhania

Andina, she said that “ if one of the parents is obese, the child can be 40% obese, and if both parents of

obesity the child can be 80% obese”. A child whose parents are overweight who are accustomed to

eating high-calorie foods and inactive, it is most likely the child will inherit similar habits and make

overweight too (Kurdanti et al., 2015).

Another causes is unhealthy food. Unhealthy food or junk food is a food that is not nutritious,

but high in calories either from sugar content or excessive fat content, so that it can cause obesity. Fitria

(2019) argues that “ Overeating junk food can cause an increased risk of obesity and chronic diseases

such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and some cancers”.

Obesity can also be caused by lack exercise and physical activity. Lazy to move can accumulate

fat in the body and it will eventually make the weight gain. Djausal (2015) as cited in Lita, M. M.

(2016) has state that “lack of physical activity can cause obesity because of the imbalance between

energy intake and expenditure”.

Overweight can affect the performance of the hormone insulin that causes diabetes, and it will increase

the risk of heart disease and stroke. Individuals who are obese with fat accumulation in the abdomen

have a higher risk of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, due to impaired glucose tolerance and

other metabolic disorders (Hirch, et al.,1995, cited in Sudargo et al.,2014).

Another effect is high blood pressure. Blood pressure will increase as the body size gets bigger.

This happens because the heart automatically needs to pump blood harder throughout the body. Sulastri

(2012) argues that “Someone who is overweight or obese will need more blood to supply oxygen and

food to the body's tissues, so that the volume of blood circulating through blood vessels increases, heart

rate increases and eventually blood pressure increases”.

Obesity can also increase the risk of cancer. According to BBC News (2018) “The reason of

obesity can cause cancer, because the specific cell type that used by the body to fight cancer, in obese

people will be blocked by fat and its effects, not functioning, so that cancer cells can develop freely”.

Kompas.com (2018) argues that “Researchers previously estimated that fat sends signals to the body

that can harm healthy cells, including triggering cancer cells and making them divide more quickly”.

In short, obesity has a serious effect on individuals and society. Therefore, this disease should

be more concerned and awared by everyone in the society because this disease increasingly on the rise

nowadays. So, everyone must have well-planned for a health-enhancing lifestyle. Bad habit must be

quited as fast as possible to save own life for a good health.

Andina, M. (2019). “…if one of the parents is obese, the child can be 40% obese, and if both parents of
obesity the child can be 80% obese…”(6:15). In Bincang Sehati DAAI TV. (2019).
Bahaya obesitas pada anak [video Youtube]. Retrieved from
https://youtu.be/DX0rVj49rdo

BBC News.(2018). Kenapa obesitas bisa menyebabkan kanker?. Retrieved from

Fitria, N. (2019, October 28). Bahaya Mematikan Akibat Sering Mengkonsumsi Junk Food. Tirto.id.
Retrieved from https://tirto.id/bahaya-mematikan-akibat-sering-mengkonsumsi-junk-
food-ekmK
Kompas.com (2018). Obesitas Bisa Menyebabkan Kanker, Ini Alasannya. Retrieved from
https://sains.kompas.com/read/2018/11/18/131254623/obesitas-bisa-menyebabkan-
kanker-ini-alasannya

Kurdanti, W., Suryani, I., Syamsiatun, N. H., Siwi, L. P., Adityanti, M. M., Mustikaningsih, D., &
Sholihah, K. I. (2015). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian obesitas pada
remaja. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, 11(4), 179-190. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b810/2a48056653920177023eef149b344e5af590.pdf

Lita, M. M. (2016). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Obesitas Sentral pada Orang Dewasa
Sehat di Desa Kepuharjo Kecamatan Cangkringan Yogyakarta. Skripsi, Universitas
Sanata Dharma. Retrieved from http://www.library.usd.ac.id/Data%20PDF/F.
%20Farmasi/Farmasi/128114009_full.pdf

Sudargo, T., Freitag, H., Rosiyani F., & Kusmayanti N.A. (2014). Pola makan dan obesitas. [e-book].
Retrieved from https://books.google.co.id/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=kNBWDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=penyakit+yang+disebabkan
+oleh+obesitas&ots=ct1_ADq6ik&sig=DB5Lsy233FyXzIHxsuDfkBypnFU&redir_esc
=y#v=onepage&q=penyakit%20yang%20disebabkan%20oleh%20obesitas&f=false

Sulastri, D. (2012). Hubungan obesitas dengan kejadian hipertensi pada masyarakat etnik minangkabau
di kota Padang. Jurnal Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, 36,198. Retrieved from
http://jurnalmka.fk.unand.ac.id/index.php/art/article/download/127/123

World Health Organization. (2020). Obesity and Overweight. Retrieved from

World Health Organization. (2020). Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/health-

topics/obesity#tab=tab_1
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%20CHOTIMAH.pdf

http://jurnal.untirta.ac.id/index.php/jpsd/article/download/691/544

http://digilib.unisayogya.ac.id/754/1/NASKAH%20PUBLIKASI.pdf

https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/39625453/jurnal.pdf?response-content-

disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DFAKTOR_RISIKO_OBESITAS_PADA_ANAK_5-

15_TA.pdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-

Credential=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A%2F20200309%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-

Amz-Date=20200309T154122Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-

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%2F639%2F8%2FBAB%2520III.pdf

Nurcahyo (2011) “ individuals with lack physical activity are at greater risk of weight gain than

those who exercise regularly. Someone who tends to consume a lot of fatty foods and lose balance in

physical activity, will be obesity.

http://repo.stikesicme-jbg.ac.id/78/1/wisnu_skripsi_8A.pdf

http://digilib.unhas.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/DigitalCollection/OTIwZmYzMDY5ZTg3N

WIxOWU0NDkzN2QwMGQ5MmRjOWRkZGQ5NGE4NA==.pdf

Andina, M. (2019). “…if one of the parents is obese, the child can be 40% obese, and if both

parents of obesity the child can be 80% obese…”(6:15). In Bincang Sehati DAAI TV. (2019). Bahaya

obesitas pada anak [video Youtube]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/DX0rVj49rdo

Sulastri, D. (2012). Hubungan obesitas dengan kejadian hipertensi pada masyarakat etnik

minangkabau di kota Padang. Jurnal Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, 36,198. Retrieved from

http://jurnalmka.fk.unand.ac.id/index.php/art/article/download/127/123
 Syam, Y. (2017). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak usia sekolah di

SD Negeri Mangkurai 1 Makassar (Skripsi, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia). Retrieved

from

http://digilib.unhas.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/DigitalCollection/OTIwZmYzMDY5ZTg3NWIxO

WU0NDkzN2QwMGQ5MmRjOWRkZGQ5NGE4NA==.pdf

Lita, M. M. (2016). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Obesitas Sentral pada Orang

Dewasa Sehat di Desa Kepuharjo Kecamatan Cangkringan Yogyakarta. Skripsi, Universitas Sanata

Dharma.

Nurcahyo, F (2011, April 1).

Fitria, N. (2019, October 28). Bahaya Mematikan Akibat Sering Mengkonsumsi Junk Food. Tirto.id.

Retrieved from https://tirto.id/bahaya-mematikan-akibat-sering-mengkonsumsi-junk-food-ekmK

World Health Organization. (2020). Obesity and Overweight. Retrieved from

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight

World Health Organization. (2020). Obesity. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/health-

topics/obesity#tab=tab_1

Nurcahyo (2011) “ individuals with lack physical activity are at greater risk of weight gain than

those who exercise regularly. Someone who tends to consume a lot of fatty foods and lose balance in

physical activity, will be obesity.

http://repo.stikesicme-jbg.ac.id/78/1/wisnu_skripsi_8A.pdf

http://digilib.unhas.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/DigitalCollection/OTIwZmYzMDY5ZTg3N

WIxOWU0NDkzN2QwMGQ5MmRjOWRkZGQ5NGE4NA==.pdf

http://jurnalmka.fk.unand.ac.id/index.php/art/article/download/612/326