Seminar

Seminar on
TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE USING OPTICAL FIBRE
Under the Guidance of:

Mr. Manjunath M Katti
Submitted by: Asst. Pro.
KEERTHI VIJETH H S CIT,Gubbi
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 MATERIALS USED
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
 MANUFACTURING PROCESS
 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
 OUTPUT AND STRENGTH
 APPLICATION
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
 Translucent material means which can be seen from one part to
another part.
 Light transmitting concrete (LiTraCon) also known as transparent
concrete, is a concrete based building material having light-
transmissive property.
 It is a new technique different from normal concrete. Translucent
concrete allow more light and less weight compared to normal
concrete.
 Light-transmissive property is mainly due to uniform distribution of
optical fibres throughout its body.
 It is available as prefabricated building blocks and panels.
 It is used in floors. pavements, partition walls, ceiling, load-bearing
walls, etc.
HISTORY
 In 2001 the idea of transparent concrete was found by Hungarian
architect Aron Losonczi.
 Successfully produced in 2003, named LiTraCon.
 In 2004, he started a German company, named LiTraCon and
started producing LiTraCon commercially.
MATERIALS USED
 The two basic material used for making translucent concrete are
1. Fine concrete.
2. Optical fibres.
 Fine Concrete: consists of cement and fine aggregate such as sand
& instead of coarse aggregate optical fibres are used.
 Optical fibres:
1. An optical fibre is a hair thin cylindrical fibre made of glass or
transparent dielectric medium.
2. Its function is to guide visible infrared light over long distances.
Continued...
Continued ...
3. It has three parts:

CORE:- central tube of very thin size made up of optical transparent
dielectric medium and carries the light from transmitter to receiver. The
core diameter can vary from about Sum to 100um.
CLADDING:-outer optical material surrounding the core having
reflecting index lower than core. It helps to keep the light within the
core throughout the phenomena of internal reflection.
BUFFER COATING:- plastic coating made of silicon rubber which
protects the fibre. The typical diameter of fibre after coating is 250um-
300um.
Continued...
4. Three kinds of optical fibre:

 multimode graded-index fibre.
 multimode step-index fibre.
 single mode step-index fibre.
Continued..
 Cement: Ordinary Portland cement is used for translucent concrete.

 Sand: 1.18mm down passing sieve is considered.
 Water: Portable quality water is used for the preparation of
translucent concrete.
 Optical fibres: 2µm to 2mm optical fibres can be used.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
 Transparent concrete works based on “Nano-Optics".
 The principle behind the transmission of light in an optical fibre is
total internal reflection. The light should incident at an angle greater
than the critical angle.
 In the optical fibre the rays undergo repeatedly until the total
number of reflections run out to the other end of the fibre even if the
fibre is bent.
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
 The manufacturing process of transparent concrete is almost same
as regular concrete.
 Small layers of concrete ( with a ratio of 1:2 for mixing ) are poured
into the mould and on top of the each layers, a layer of fibres is
infused.
 Fabric and concrete are alternately inserted into moulds at intervals
of approximately 2mm to 5mm.
 Adding 4% to 5% optical fibres by volume into the concrete
mixture.
 1000's of strands of optical fibres are cast into concrete.
 The casted material is cut into panels or blocks & polished typically.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
 Choosing a desire mould.
 Make a needed design.
 Attach clay on the bottom of the mould.
 Induce optical fibre cables at desired shape.
 After that pour fine concrete at its approximate ratio.
 Set to dry and allow to curing.
OUTPUT
 Finally we get the translucent concrete in desired shape.
STRENGTH PROPERTY
 The casted material is cut into panels or blocks of the specified
thickness and the surface is then typically polished, resulting in
finishes ranging from semi-gloss to high-gloss.
PRODUCT TRANSLUCENT
CONCRETE
Form Prefabricated blocks
Ingredients 96% concrete, 4% optical fibre
Density 2100-2400 Kg/m3
Block size 600mm X 300mm
Thickness 25-500mm
Fibre distribution Organic
Finished Polished
Compressive strength 50 N/mm2
Bending Tensile strength 7 N/mm2
APPLICATIONS
 Translucent concrete blocks in suitable for;
 Floors.
 Ceiling.
 Pavements.
 Loading-bearing walls.
 Partitions wall.
 Light sidewalks at night.
 Increasing visibility in dark subway station.
 Light indoor fire escapes, in case of a power failure.
ADVANTAGES
 Energy saving can be done by utilization of transparent concrete in
building.
 It has very good architectural properties for giving good aesthetical
view to the building.
 Highest UV resistance.
DISADVANTAGES
 Very high initial cost.
 Labours with technical skills are required to use it.

EXAMPLES
 THE EUROPE GATE
1. It is located in Fortress Monostor in the Hungarian town, Komarom.
2. The sun illuminates the 37.6ft large Litracon piece of the statue in the
mornings and late afternoons.
3. In night an even more impressive view can be seen because of the
embedded light sources.
Continued..
 CELLA SEPTICHORA , PECS, HUNGARY

• It has a door made of Litracon Panels set in a steel frame.
Continued..
 NEW HEADQUARTERS, BANK OF GEORGIA

 Walls, walks, receptions, offices and consultation desks are illuminated
by transparent concrete.
CONCLUSION
 Light transmitting concrete is an emerging trend in concrete
technology.
 Its initial cost is high. But, routine maintenance is not required and
in long run it may be advantageous.
 It's a green building material reducing the lightning cost during day
time. It's proved to provide both aesthetic appearance and structural
stability.
 In future the it's cost is expected to decrease.
 It is one of the best applications of optical glass fibres which is
related to technical textiles.
REFERENCES
 JOURNAL ON TRANSLUCNT CONCRETE
• Soumyajit Paul, Avik dutta (Vol-3, Issue-10)
• Salmabanu Luhar, Urvashi Khandelwal (Vol-8, Issue-2)
• M.N.V.Padma Bhushan, D.Johnson, Md. Afzal Basheer Pasha and Ms.
K. Prasanthi (Vol-3, Issue-3)
• A. Karandikar, A. Deep and N. Virdhi (Vol-4, Issue-7)
• Neha R. Nagdive and Shekar D. Bhloe (Vol-1, Issue-7)
• M. Sangeetha, V. Nivetha, S. Jothish, R. Madhan Gopal, and T.
Sarathivelan. (Vol-3, Issue-2)

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Seminar on

TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE USING OPTICAL FIBRE

Under the Guidance of:

3. It has three parts:

4. Three kinds of optical fibre:

 Cement: Ordinary Portland cement is used for translucent concrete.

 Labours with technical skills are required to use it.

 CELLA SEPTICHORA , PECS, HUNGARY

 NEW HEADQUARTERS, BANK OF GEORGIA

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