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Mixer Design and Heuristics:: Dr. Chandra Mouli M.R

This document discusses various types of mixers used in chemical engineering processes. It covers inline mixers like static mixers and their design parameters like mixing length and pressure drop. It also discusses stirred tank mixers including impeller blade design, power requirements, and factors that influence mixing time. Other mixers like sparging, high shear, and screw blenders are also briefly mentioned.

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Rayan Hassan
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442 views30 pages

Mixer Design and Heuristics:: Dr. Chandra Mouli M.R

This document discusses various types of mixers used in chemical engineering processes. It covers inline mixers like static mixers and their design parameters like mixing length and pressure drop. It also discusses stirred tank mixers including impeller blade design, power requirements, and factors that influence mixing time. Other mixers like sparging, high shear, and screw blenders are also briefly mentioned.

Uploaded by

Rayan Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mixer Design and Heuristics

Instructor: Dr. Chandra Mouli M.R.

Chemical Engineering Department


Agenda
• Inline mixers
– Mixing length
– ΔP (static mixers)
• Stirred tank mixers
– Blade design
– Power requirements
– Mixing time
• Other mixers

2
Definitions-distinctions
• Mixing
– Any operation to create uniform distribution of
initially separated phases (from non-uniform
distribution).
• Agitation
– Forcing a fluid by mechanical means to flow in
circulatory or other patterns. (agitation does not
imply the state of homogeneity)
• Blending
– Intermingling of miscible fluids to produce some
degree of uniformity.
th 3
Applied process design for chemical and petrochemical plants, Ludwig, vol1, 4 ed.
Mixing−factors to consider
• Operation (batch or continuous)
• Nature of process (miscible, solution
preparation, or dispersion of liquids and
solids)
• Degree of mixing required
• Physical properties, especially viscosity
• Whether other operations, like heat transfer
or reaction is involved.

4
Inline mixing

Injection
Te e
(b) & (c): up to 80 pipe
diameter for mixing;
used when one fluid has
much lower rate

Annular

5
Inline injection
• With no baffles, the mixing length is ~10-80
times the pipe diameter, if the fluid properties
are similar.
• If injection rates are similar, the mixing length
is ~10-20 of the pipe diameter.
• The presence of baffles (or flow constriction)
significantly reduces the mixing length.

6
Static mixers
Static mixer flow division

8
Pic: Wikipedia
Pic: Chandra Mouli et al. (2017)
Static mixer
Static mixer pressure drop
Pressure drop using Static Mixers:

ΔPSM=K×ΔPET

ΔPET Pressure drop of empty tube (ET)


ΔP Pressure drop of static mixer (SM)
SM
K f(Re, mixer geometry)

For similar length of empty tube and static mixer


Static mixers: K for laminar flow
Static mixers: K for turbulent flow
K parameters for static mixer

13
Basic impeller types: Turbine impellers

(a)

14
Basic impeller types-pitched and
marine

18
Low speed agitators

19
Impeller
selection

20
Impeller selection guide

21
Flow pattern for turbine impellers

15
Flow pattern in stirred tanks

(a) (b) (c) (d)

16
Turbine mixer design

17
Pic: Ludwig
Mixer power requirement

22
Typical power requirements

23
3-bladed propellers baffled design

24
Turbine impellers for stirred tank with 4 baffles

25
Mixing time

27
Mixing time (cont’d)

Da=impeller dia
Dt =tank dia
n= rpm or rps
tT= mixing time

28
Other liquid phase mixers
• Sparging
• High shear mixer
• Fluid recirculation
• Jet mixer
• Screw blender
• Paddle mixer
• Planetary mixer
• Sonicator
• ,…

29
Picture credits
Sinnot
• R.K. Sinnot, Chemical Engineering Design, Vol 6., 4th Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, 2005.
Wikipedia
• mons/c/cb/Static_mixer_flow_diagram.png
Crocker
• Croker, A. Kayode, Modeling of Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design, Elsevier, 2001
Ludwig
• E.E. Ludwig, Applied Process Design For Chemical And Petrochemical Plants, Vol.1, 4th Ed,
Elsevier, 2007.

30

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