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Chemical Process Diagrams:: Dr. Chandra Mouli M.R

The document discusses different types of diagrams used in chemical engineering including block flow diagrams, process flow diagrams, piping and instrumentation diagrams, plot plans, elevation diagrams, piping isometrics, and vessel sketches. It emphasizes adhering to common standards for diagrams and that 3D plant layout diagrams best convey equipment layout information.

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Rayan Hassan
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56 views39 pages

Chemical Process Diagrams:: Dr. Chandra Mouli M.R

The document discusses different types of diagrams used in chemical engineering including block flow diagrams, process flow diagrams, piping and instrumentation diagrams, plot plans, elevation diagrams, piping isometrics, and vessel sketches. It emphasizes adhering to common standards for diagrams and that 3D plant layout diagrams best convey equipment layout information.

Uploaded by

Rayan Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemical Process Diagrams

Instructor: Dr. Chandra Mouli M.R.

Chemical Engineering Department


The Block Flow Process Diagram
The Block Flow Plant Diagram

R. Turton and J. A. Shaeiwitz -


Copyright 2008
Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
The Process Flow Diagram (cont’d)

R. Turton and J. A. Shaeiwitz -


Copyright 2008
Equipment Numbering
Table 1.2 : Conventions Used for Identifying Process Equipment
Process Equipment General Format XX-YZZ A/B
XX are the identification letters for the equipment classification
C - Compressor or Turbine
E - Heat Exchanger
H - Fired Heater
P - Pump
R - Reactor
T - Tower
TK - Storage Tank
V - Vessel
Y designates an area within the plant
ZZ are the number designation for each item in an equipment class
A/B identifies parallel units or backup units not shown on a PFD
Supplemental Additional description of equipment given on top of PFD
Information
R. Turton and J. A. Shaeiwitz -
Copyright 2008
Equipment Numbering
• XX-YZZ A/B/…
– XX represents a 1- or 2-letter designation for the
equipment (P = pump)
– Y is the 1 or 2 digit unit number (1-99)
– ZZ designates the equipment number for the unit
(1-99)
– A/B/… represents the presence of spare
equipment
Stream Numbering and Drawing
• Number streams from left to right as much as
possible
• Horizontal lines are dominant

yes no no
R. Turton and J. A. Shaeiwitz -
Copyright 2008
Stream Information

• Since diagrams are small, not much


stream information can be included
• Include important data – around reactors
and towers, etc.
– Flags are used – see toluene HDA diagram
– Full stream data, as indicated in Table 1.4, are
included in a separate flow summary table –
see Table 1.5
Stream Information - Flags

R. Turton and J. A. Shaeiwitz -


Copyright 2008
R. Turton and J. A. Shaeiwitz -
Copyright 2008
Equipment Information
PFD Summary
• PFD, Equipment Summary Table, and Flow
Summary Table represent a “true” PFD
• This information is sufficient for a preliminary
estimation of capital investment and cost of
manufacture to be made.
The Piping and Instrument
Diagram(P&ID)
P&ID

R. Turton and J. A. Shaeiwitz -


Copyright 2008
Other Common Diagrams
• Plot Plans – plan or map drawn looking down
on plant (drawn to scale with all major
equipment identified)
• Elevation Diagrams – show view from side and
give information about equipments distance
from ground
Other Common Diagrams

Section of Plot Plan Section of Elevation Diagram


Other Common Diagrams (cont’d)
• Piping Isometrics – show piping in 3-
dimensions
• Vessel Sketches – show key dimensions of
equipment and locations of inlet and outlet
nozzles etc.
Scale Models and Virtual Plants

• 25 years ago physical models were used for


review
• Now virtual or electronic models are generated
using software (3-d plant diagrams)
• Purpose of Models – catch errors such as
– Piping clashes
– Misaligned piping
– Equipment not easily accessed
– Sample points not easily reached by operators
3-D Plant
Diagrams
Summary

 The three principal diagrams (BFD, PFD, and P&ID)


are used to convey increasingly specific technical
information about a process.
 Important to adhere to common standards for
these diagrams in order to avoid confusion
 Information on equipment layout is most clearly
conveyed through a 3-D plant layout diagram.

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