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Computer Hardwares and Its Function

The document discusses various computer hardware components and their functions, including hard disks for data storage, graphic cards for generating images, network cards for connecting to networks, RAM for random access of data, audio cards for inputting and outputting audio, and motherboards as the central circuit boards. It also provides steps for setting up a computer by formatting and installing Windows XP, creating administrator and user accounts, setting the date and time and network connection, and installing free and open source software. The conclusion states that while formatting a computer is simple, understanding the internal hardware is more difficult but was learned through this workshop.

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Amirul Sham
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155 views

Computer Hardwares and Its Function

The document discusses various computer hardware components and their functions, including hard disks for data storage, graphic cards for generating images, network cards for connecting to networks, RAM for random access of data, audio cards for inputting and outputting audio, and motherboards as the central circuit boards. It also provides steps for setting up a computer by formatting and installing Windows XP, creating administrator and user accounts, setting the date and time and network connection, and installing free and open source software. The conclusion states that while formatting a computer is simple, understanding the internal hardware is more difficult but was learned through this workshop.

Uploaded by

Amirul Sham
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TITLE : Computer Hardwares and its function

INTRODUCTION
 COMPUTER COMPONENTS

Hard disk
Function: A hard disk drive (HDD), commonly referred to as a hard drive, hard disk, or fixed

disk drive, is a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly

rotating platters with magnetic surfaces.

Floppy disk.
Function: A floppy disk is a data storage medium that is composed of a disk of thin, flexible

("floppy") magnetic storage medium encased in a square or rectangular plastic shell.

Graphic card.

Function: A video card, also referred to as a graphics accelerator card, display adapter,

graphics card, and numerous other terms, is an item of personal computer hardware whose

function is to generate and output images to a display. It operates on similar principles as a sound

card or other peripheral devices.

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Network card

Function: A network card, network adapter, LAN Adapter or NIC (network interface card) is a

piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer

network. It is both an OSI layer 1 (physical layer) and layer 2 (data link layer) device, as it

provides physical access to a networking medium and provides a low-level addressing system

through the use of MAC addresses. It allows users to connect to each other either by using cables

or wirelessly.

RAM
Function: Random access memory (usually known by its acronym, RAM) is a type of

computer data storage. Today it takes the form of integrated circuits that allow the stored data to

be accessed in any order, i.e. at random. The word random thus refers to the fact that any piece

of data can be returned in a constant time, regardless of its physical location and whether

not it is related to the previous piece of data.

Audio card
Function: A sound card (also known as an audio card) is a computer expansion card that

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facilitates the input and output of audio signals to/from a computer under control of computer

programs. Typical uses of sound cards include providing the audio component for multimedia

applications such as music composition, editing video or audio, presentation/education, and

entertainment (games).

Transfer cable( IDE )


Function: IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) is a standard electronic interface used between a

computer motherboard's data paths or bus and the computer's disk storage devices.

Mother Board
Function: A motherboard is the central or primary circuit board (PCB) making up a complex

electronic system, such as a modern computer. It is also known as a mainboard, baseboard, system

board, planar board, or, on Apple computers, a logic board, and is sometimes abbreviated casually

as mobo.

 PC SETUP
Before starting format our PC, it is important for us to know about our PC setup first,
include the hardware in our CPU. For example, our PC brand name, model of interface
cards or peripherals attached to the PC, hard disk brand and its storage, motherboard
brand, sound card, Ethernet Card and etc. Beside that, we also need to know how to fix
the hardware inside our CPU.
Installing Window XP Pro
(A) Format and Install

a. At the starting black screen, press Del to enter the Basic Input Output System
(BIOS) screen.
b. Search for Advanced BIOS Features then press enter to get inside it.
c. Inside Advanced BIOS Features, change the First Boot Device to CDROM.
d. Save, quit and restart the PC.
e. Insert the Window XP SP2 Installer CD into CD room and boot it.

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f. At the blue screen, delete all the partition available.
g. Recreate one partition (just for this workshop).
h. Format the pc with the format NTFS.
i. System will auto proceed to installation part after the format process done.
Wait for the installation process, and after 45 to 50 minutes PC is installed with Window XP
Pro SP2.
(B) Create Admin/ User Account

a. Click Start, then to control panel.


b. In control panel, double click on User Accounts.
c. Click on the log in way and disable welcome screen.
d. Create a new account, click Administrator for the account type.
e. Set username: admin; password: XProSP2

f. Go back to the User Accounts, create another account with limited type.
g. Set username: user; password: ******
h. Log off the PC and log in with user account. With this account, we cannot install or
configure any software in the PC.
i. Log off the PC again and log in with admin account, and we done the whole
process of creating admin and user account.

(C) Date and Time

a. Click Start, then to control panel.


b. In control panel, double click on Date and Time.
c. Set time zone to: (GM +08:00) Kuala Lumpur, Singapore
d. Then internet time server to: 129.6.15.28 (Atomic Clock in US)
e. Apply and Exit
(D) Network Connection

a. At desktop, right click on Network Connection icon, and click on Properties.


b. Then find and click the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) for properties.
c. Use the following IP address:
IP address: 192.168.0.204
Subnet Mask: 255.255.254.0
Default gateway: 192.168.1.254
Preferred DNS server: 161.139.88.1
Alternate DNS server: 161.139.250.2
d. Apply and Exit.

Free & Open Source Software (FOSS) for Win32 Environment


Nowadays, there a lot of free software that we can download from internet for us to install into our

PC. This free software is stated as FOSS (Free & Open Source System). In our faculty, these free

software already been collected into this link below:

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http://linkfoss.fkm.utm.my/ftp/

Conclusion
After full installation with the FOSS, PC is now clean and ready for engineering use.As a

conclusion, formatting our PC is just an easy job but getting to know to the hardware inside our

CPU is more difficult for us because we seldom to open the CPU and discover what things inside

it. From this engineering workshop, I have learned a lot about the PC software and hardware due

to the good teaching and explaining from our lecturer and technician.

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