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Structural Analysis Project

The document analyzes a portal frame structure using hand calculations and STAADPro software. The structure consists of a steel beam and column. Both force method (manually) and stiffness method (STAADPro) were used to calculate reactions, bending moments, and shear forces. While the results from each method were not identical, the structure was found to be in equilibrium in both analyses. The document concludes that STAADPro is a useful tool for structural analysis but skilled engineers are still needed to properly use and interpret results from the software.

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Taha Gargoum
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118 views13 pages

Structural Analysis Project

The document analyzes a portal frame structure using hand calculations and STAADPro software. The structure consists of a steel beam and column. Both force method (manually) and stiffness method (STAADPro) were used to calculate reactions, bending moments, and shear forces. While the results from each method were not identical, the structure was found to be in equilibrium in both analyses. The document concludes that STAADPro is a useful tool for structural analysis but skilled engineers are still needed to properly use and interpret results from the software.

Uploaded by

Taha Gargoum
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY

& BUILT ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Structural Analysis

PREPARED BY : Group 10

ID : 1001540313

GROUP Members : Taha Gargoum (1001540313)


Ali Gargoum (1001540313)
Hasan Mohammed (1001539735)
Abdulrab (100143967)
Amro Qutait(10015421540

PROJECT TITLE : Analysis of Portal Frame

DATE OF SUBMISSION : 13/4/2018

INSTRUCTOR : Ir. Lee Jin Chai


Contents
Introduction.................................................................................4

Methodology................................................................................4

Force Method (Hand Calculations)...........................................5

StaadPro....................................................................................6

Results & Data analysis...............................................................6

Discussion..................................................................................11

Conclusion.................................................................................12
Figure 1 Portal Frame..................................................................4
Figure 2 Design of Portal frame..................................................6
Figure 3 Bending along the beam................................................7
Figure 4 Reaction in Y direction.................................................7
Figure 5 Reaction in X direction.................................................8
Figure 6 Bending moment for the column member....................9
Figure 7 Reaction In Y direction.................................................9
Figure 8 bending moment along the members..........................10
Figure 9 Shear force along the members...................................11
Figure 10 Displacement.............................................................12
Introduction
Portal frame structure, the frame consists of one column and
beam where the material was steel, but the frame has its own
properties which are

1. Modulus of Elasticity (E) = 200 GPa


2. Second moment of inertia = 300 x 103 m m4
3. Area ¿ 10 x 103 mm 2

The Portal Frame Structure has provided a support in column


and Beam as Pin support and Fixed Support respectively.

Overall Goal of this project which is to figure out the


following, Figure 1 Portal Frame

1) Reaction at each end


2) Shear Force Diagram
3) Bending Moment Diagram

The approaches were used to find out the up-mentioned items is by Manually (Hand
Calculation) and by structural analysis and design computer program, particularly
StaadPro Software.

STAAD. Pro is a structural analysis design program software. It includes a state of the
art user interface, visualization tools and international design codes. It is used for 3D
model generation, analysis and multi-material design. The commercial version of
STAAD. Pro supports several steel, concrete and timber design codes. It is one of the
software applications created to help structural engineers to automate their tasks and
to remove the tedious and long procedures of the manual methods.

Methodology
In this section, Analysis by Force method and Stiffness Method will be demonstrated
briefly. Force method was done manually (Hand calculation) while in stiffness
method will was done by using StaadPro software duo to ease to run the analysis by
using StaadPro
Force Method (Hand Calculations)
The force method of analysis can readily be employed to analyze the indeterminate
frames to loads and/or imposed deformations. The method is based on transforming a
given structure into a statically determinate primary system and calculating the
magnitude of statically redundant forces required to restore the geometric boundary
conditions of the original structure. The force method (also called the flexibility
method or method of consistent deformation) is used to calculate reactions and
internal forces in statically indeterminate structures due to loads and imposed
deformations.

 The basic steps in the force method are as follows:

1. Determine the degree of static indeterminacy, n of the structure.


2. Transform the structure into a statically determinate system by releasing a
number of static constraints equal to the degree of static indeterminacy, n. This
is accomplished by releasing external support conditions or by creating internal
hinges. The system thus formed is called the basic determinate structure.
3. For a given released constraint j, introduce an unknown redundant force (R)
corresponding to the type and direction of the released constraint.
4. Apply the given loading or imposed deformation to the basic determinate
structure. Use suitable method to calculate displacements at each of the
released constraints in the basic determinate structure.
5. Solve for redundant forces R ( j =1 to n ) by imposing the compatibility
conditions of the original structure. These conditions transform the basic
determinate structure back to the original structure by finding the combination
of redundant forces that make displacement at each of the released constraints
equal to zero.

It can thus be seen that the name force method was given to this method because its
primary computational task is to calculate unknown forces, i.e. the redundant forces
R1 through Rn.
 The computational effort required in calculating the response of a frame structure
using the force method can vary significantly depending on the choice of basic
determinate structure. In this regard, there are two issues to consider:

1. Select the basic determinate structure such as the displacements can be easily
computed (i.e. converting it into simple structure).
2. Select the basic determinate structure to maximize the number of flexibility
coefficients equal to zero.

StaadPro
The general methodology is very wide to run a project in
Staadpro therefore, in this section only the steps were done to
find out the will be shown.

1. The beam with 4 m length was drawn Horizontally


2. Column with length 6 me was drawn vertically
3. The join in one node between the two members will design
Figure 2 Design of Portal frame
what known as portal frame.
4. Frame was supported by pin in column side and fix join in beam side
5. The Geometry of the section was set as Square section since Only Area with
10 x 103 m m2
6. The load in the beam member was applied as Uniform Distributed load (UDL)
7. The loads in the column side were two,
i. 4 KN with distance 2 m far from the
connecting joint Concentrated load.
ii. 6 KN with 4 m far from the connecting joint.
8. Analysis was selected before running the analysis to get results and to avoid
any inconvenient error.

Results & Data analysis


From the hand Calculation and software, the determinacy status was indeterminate to
second degree. Hand Calculation will be attached in the appendix, while the software
date will be captured and attached in this section below.
 Data found for the beam will be shown in the figures below in graph and also will
be shown along the member itself.

Figure 3 Bending along the beam

Figure 4 Reaction in Y direction


Figure 5 Reaction in X direction

 For column member


Figure 6 Bending moment for the column member

Figure 7 Reaction In Y direction


Now results of beam and column to be shown in the frame

Figure 8 bending moment along the members


Figure 9 Shear force along the members

Discussion
In this project portal frame consists of column and beam was design. The methods
used were force method and stiffness method. The first method was used manually
(Hand Calculation), while stiffness method was generated by Software which is
StaadPro.

By both approach, results found that the structure in equilibrium. However, the results
in each support was not same for example, reaction in y direction in the fixed end. By
StaadPro Fy = 43.238KN, while by Force method Fy =25.06KN. But the summation
of Force in both method = 80KN, where Fy in Pin joint by StaadPro was 36.762KN
and by Force method was 54.94KN, which proves that the steps of answers went
correctly but from method to another to determine a reaction of joints in different.

Based on the analysis done by Staadpro, The Portal Frame will get displacement as
showing in the figure 10, and this duo do the section of the steel used which is have
area of 10 x 103 m m2.Therefore the section or the material properties should be
changed.
Figure 10 Displacement

Conclusion
Staadpro is widely used by most of the organization for their construction needs.
Unfortunately, well skilled STAAD Pro engineers are very hard to search. If we
believe in the prediction of the industry experts then those students who will be
getting trained on STAAD Pro in the current and upcoming two years will have bright
and successful career ahead in the real estate and construction domain By attending
this training in STAAD Pro we were able to learn various features of STAAD Pro
.which will be very helpful in the near future

In conclusion, the frame was analyzed and

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