110/13.

8kV POWER TRANSFORMER

MV SIDE OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

1.1 INPUT DATA

1.1.1 RELAY DATA

Manufacturer : ALSTOM
Type : MICOM P142
Model :
Rated Current (In) : 1A

1.1.2 NETWORK DATA

Maximum fault current IF : 25 kA

Fault withstanding duration tF : 3 sec
Rated voltage Ur : 13.8 kV
Transformer primary side Phase CT Ratio : 500 / 1 A
Transformer secondary side Phase CT Ratio : 4000 / 1 A
Transformer secondary side Neutral CT Ratio : 300 / 1 A
Transformer Tertiary winding CT Ratio : 300 / 1 A

1.1.3 TRANSFORMER DATA

Rated Power Sn : 72.8 MVA

Primary voltage Unp : 110 kV
Secondary voltage Uns : 13.8 kV
Short circuit impedance Zcc : 31.39%

Rated current of Transformer HV side Inp : 382.11 A

Rated current of Transformer LV side Ins : 3045.82 A

1 . Sn
Maximum primary through fault current Ifp :
Zcc Unp.√3

Ifp : 1217.31 A

1 . Sn
Maximum secondary through fault current Ifs :
Zcc Uns.√3

Ifs : 9703.16 A
 110/13.8kV POWER TRANSFORMER

MV SIDE OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

1.2 PHASE OVER CURRENT SETTINGS (50/51)

1.2.1 PHASE CURRENT SETTING - 1ST TRESHOLD : " I > "

Setting range : 0.1 In to 25 In in 0.01 steps

Phase over current CT ratio K : 4000

Phase current factor R : 1.478

Ins .
Required setting Isr : R
K

Isr : 1.13 A

Current setting I> : 1.13 In

Current setting in primary Isup : 4501.72 A

1.2.2 SELECTION OF TIME CHARACTERISTICS

11 inverse time characteristics are available

Curve n° Description Name k c a

0 Definite Time DT 0 0 to 100 1
1 Short time inverse STI (IEC) 0.05 0 0.04
2 Standart inverse SI (IEC) 0.14 0 0.02
3 Very inverse VI (IEC) 13.5 0 1
4 Extremely inverse EI (IEC) 80 0 2
5 Long time inverse LTI (IEC) 120 0 1
6 Short time inverse STI (CO2) 0.00342 0.00242 0.02
7 Moderatly inverse MI (IEEE) 0.0515 0.114 0.02
8 Long time inverse LTI (CO8) 5.95 0.18 2
9 Very inverse VI (IEEE) 19.61 0.491 2
10 Extremely inverse EI (IEEE) 28.2 0.1215 2

The general mathematical expression for this curve is :

k
t = TMS a +c
Ii - 1
K. Is
 110/13.8kV POWER TRANSFORMER

MV SIDE OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

The RI curve (electromechanical) is given by the following formula

1
tRI = kRI
0.339 - 0.236
Ii
Is

with kRI adjustable from 0.1 to 10 in steps of 0.05

Selected curve : Extremely inverse, EI (IEC) k= 80

c= 0
a= 2

1.2.3 TIME MULTIPLIER SETTING (TMS)

Setting range : 0.025s to 1.5s in 0.025 steps

The minimum tripping time (calculated with the minimum value between 20.K.Is, limit of the curve,
and Iphf, the maximum fault current) shall be less than the fault withstanding duration and higher
than the main protections tripping time.
Max through fault current 9703.2 A

Iphf = 25 kA

Minimum value between 20.K.Is and Iphf :

Ii = 9.703 kA

Minimum tripping time t with :

TMS = 0.060 s

Operating time (t) is :

t = 1.317 sec
 110/13.8kV POWER TRANSFORMER

MV SIDE OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

1.2.4 HIGHSET OVER CURRENT SETTING - 2ND TRESHOLD : " I >> "

To be considered more than 1.5 times the max. through fault current to allow discrimination with MV.

Ifp
I >> : 1.5 x
K

Setting range : 0.5 In to 40 In in 0.05 steps

HIGHSET Current setting I >> : OFF

Highset tme setting t>> : OFF

Highset Current setting in primary : OFF

1.3 OVER CURRENT SETTINGS (50/51)

Over Current Setting (51)

Current setting (PMS) I> : 1.13 x In

Time setting (TMS) tI> : 0.06 (1.4sec)

Selected Curve : Extremly Inverse EI ( IEC )

Instantaneous Setting (50)

Current setting (PMS) I >> : OFF

Time setting (TMS) tI>> : OFF

Selected Curve : OFF

 110/13.8kV POWER TRANSFORMER

MV SIDE OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

1.4 EARTH FAULT SETTINGS (50N/51N)

1.4.1 PHASE CURRENT SETTING - 1ST TRESHOLD : " Io > "

Setting range : 0.01 In to 1 In in 0.005 steps

Earth fault CT ratio Kn : 4000

Neutral current factor Rn : 0.04

Isup .
Required setting Isrn : Rn
Kn

Isrn : 0.045 A

Current setting Io > : 0.05 In

Current setting in primary : 200.00 A

1.4.2 SELECTION OF TIME CHARACTERISTICS

11 inverse time characteristics are available

Curve n° Description Name k c a

0 Definite Time DT 0 0 to 100 1
1 Short time inverse STI (IEC) 0.05 0 0.04
2 Standart inverse SI (IEC) 0.14 0 0.02
3 Very inverse VI (IEC) 13.5 0 1
4 Extremely inverse EI (IEC) 80 0 2
5 Long time inverse LTI (IEC) 120 0 1
6 Short time inverse STI (CO2) 0.00342 0.00242 0.02
7 Moderatly inverse MI (IEEE) 0.0515 0.114 0.02
8 Long time inverse LTI (CO8) 5.95 0.18 2
9 Very inverse VI (IEEE) 19.61 0.491 2
10 Extremely inverse EI (IEEE) 28.2 0.1215 2

The general mathematical expression for this curve is :

k
t = TMS a +c
Ii - 1
K. Is
 110/13.8kV POWER TRANSFORMER

MV SIDE OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

The RI curve (electromechanical) is given by the following formula

1
tRI = kRI
0.339 - 0.236
Ii
Is

with kRI adjustable from 0.1 to 10 in steps of 0.05

Selected curve : Definite Time, DT (IEC) k= 0

c= 0
a= 1

1.4.3 TIME MULTIPLIER SETTING (TMS)

Setting range : 0.025s to 1.5s in 0.025 steps

Minimum tripping time t with TMS : 0.00 s

Operating time (t) is :

t = 1.400 sec
 110/13.8kV POWER TRANSFORMER

MV SIDE OVER CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

1.4.4 HIGHSET EARTH FAULT SETTING - 2ND TRESHOLD : " Io >> "

To be considered 1.5 times the max. through fault current to allow discrimination with MV.

Ifp
Io >> : 1.5 x
K

Setting range : 0.5 In to 40 In in 0.05 steps

HIGHSET Current setting Io >> : OFF

Highset tme setting tIo>> : OFF

Highset Current setting in primary : OFF

1.5 EARTH FAULT SETTINGS (50N/51N)

Earth fault Setting (51N)

Current setting (PMS) Io > : 0.05 x In

Time setting (TMS) tIo> : 1.400 sec

Selected Curve : Definate time DT ( IEC )

Instantaneous Setting (50N)

Current setting (PMS) Io >> : OFF

Time setting (TMS) tIo>> : OFF

Selected Curve : OFF