Rotary Damper Calculations
Rotary Damper Calculations
Rotary Dampers
Catalogue Index Precision Rotary Dampers for Smooth Motion Control
vibration damping
speed control
shock absorption
slipping drives
mechanical delays
S-CRD
Catalogue Contents
Pages
Dashpot Overview 2
Dashpot Sizing 3
Calculating Required Damping Rates 4
Applications 5
Sample Calculations 6
Special Applications 7
Questionnaire 7
Model KD 60° Vane Dashpot 8
Model LA 215° Vane Dashpot 9
Model LB 240° Vane Dashpot 10
Model LE 220° Vane Dashpot 11
Model LH 220° Vane Dashpot 12
Model LX 220° Vane Dashpot 12
Model S–CRD CR Dashpot 13
Model T–CRD CR Dashpot 14
Model Q–CRD CR Dashpot 15
Model N–CRD CR Dashpot 16
Model X–CRD CR Dashpot 17
Bespoke Dashpots 18
1 The policy of Kinetrol is one of continuous improvement and the company reserves the right to alter the product as
described and illustrated without notice. Whilst every effort is made to ensure that information presented is correct, Kinetrol
will not be responsible for incorrect application of Kinetrol dashpots following the use of data given in this brochure.
Rotary Dashpots
Dashpots
to shaft rotation which increases with angular velocity. Two types of dashpot are available to
suit a wide range of applications.
Vane dashpots
Vane dashpots give a restricted travel and high damping rate suitable for applications
with reciprocating motions.
Angle of travel:
60° (model KD)
215° (model LA) The vane dashpot is a displacement
220° (model LE) damper. As the vane on the shaft
220° (model LX) rotates between fixed vanes on the
240° (model LB) body, silicone fluid is displaced
through controlled clearances from
Maximum torque: one side of the vane to the other.
28 Nm (model KD) Damping can be in both directions or
40 Nm (model LA) valves can be fitted to give damping
160 Nm (model LB) in one direction only. On the KD unit,
545 Nm (model LE) shaft sealing is by a cylindrical
640 Nm (model LX) rubber seal which is bonded both to
960 Nm (model LH) the shaft and to the body to give a
hermetic seal. All other vane
Maximum rate: dashpots use a lip seal.
450 Nm/rad/s (model KD)
300 Nm/rad/s (model LA)
400 Nm/rad/s (model LB)
12000 Nm/rad/s (model LE)
18000 Nm/rad/s (model LX)
18000 Nm/rad/s (model LH)
57.3°). The significance of a radian is that if, for example, a 1 metre radius lever rotates through 1 radian,
the end of the lever moves 1 metre, a distance equal to the radius.
Damping RATE is defined here as TORQUE divided by ROTATION SPEED. Note that a dashpot with a
high rate may not necessarily be working at a high torque. For example, may have a rate of 100
Nm/rad/s; however, it may be rotated at 1/10 rad/s so that the damping torque produced is 10 Nm which
is not numerically equal to the rate.
Dashpot Selection
To select a suitable dashpot for an application, the suggested procedure is to first establish the RATE
required. Most applications can be reduced to one of the cases shown opposite. The formula concerned
will give the RATE.
Having established the rate required, the type of dashpot (vane or continuous rotation) must be selected.
This usually depends on the angle of travel required.
It is recommended that initially an adjustable dashpot is used in an application. This allows the exact
damping rate to be established. Subsequent units can then be supplied with fixed rates based on
measurement of the adjustable unit as set on the application.
Check that the maximum shaft torque does not exceed the maximum allowable.
Note that max. torque = RATE x max. speed of rotation.
For a vane dashpot the RATE does not vary much with speed and so can be used to
specify the unit.
The rate of a CR dashpot is not constant. It varies with speed. This is because at the high shear rates
used by this method of damping the viscosity of the fluid is not constant (Non-Newtonian). The
performance of a CR dashpot is thus not specified by a single rate but is specified by a graph showing
torque against speed of rotation.
To select a CR dashpot plot the required working torque against the speed on the graph given on the
data sheet. The nearest curve above the point gives the selected dashpot.
Temperature Effects
Calculating Required
Damping Rates
Given quantity and unit
F N = force of weight on end of lever t s = time taken to move this M kg = mass
distance
L m = effective length of lever w rad/s = speed of rotation V m/s = velocity of mass
d m = distance moved by end of lever T Nm = torque applied to shaft f Hz = frequency of vibration
English Units
Conversion factors
4
Sketches Showing Some Application Ideas
Applications
PULLEY CR
DASHPOT
WEIGHT MOTOR
VEHICLE LEVEL SENSOR DAMPING GEAR TRAIN DRIVING TAKE UP REEL SOLENOID DAMPING
HIGH FREQ. VIBRATION
MOVEMENT
DOES NOT
TRIGGER
SWITCHES
CRD
DAMPING ANTI-VIBRATION DAMPING HIGH SPEED CARRIAGE END STOP INDEXING TABLE
MOUNTING PAPER FEED DAMPING BOUNCE DAMPING
DAMPING UNBALANCED TURNSTILE MOTION PENDULUM SWING CAMERA PAN & TILT
WEIGHTS CONTROL DAMPING JERK DAMPING
5
Solenoid Damping
Sample Calculations
SOLENOID DAMPING
Solenoid force F = 10 N
Solenoid travel d = 25 mm = 0.025 m
Lever arm length L = 75 mm = 0.075 m
Travel time required t = 5s
Conclusion: Use KD – A2
SOLENOID
Control of Descent
CONTROL OF DESCENT Weight = 1 kg
Pulley radius = 50 mm = 0.05 m
Speed required V = 100 mm/s = 0.1 m/s
Force F = 1 x 9.81 = 9.81 N
Torque T = 9.81 x 0.05 = 0.49 Nm
Speed of rotation w = 0.1 m/s ÷ 0.05 m = 2 rad/s
PULLEY CR Use Formula 2: Rate = T/w = 0.49/2 = 0.245 Nm/rad/s
DASHPOT This is a CR dashpot application. Find point on the S – CRD graph for
torque and speed
Conclusion: Use KD – A1
DAMPING ANTI-VIBRATION
MOUNTING Mass M = 10 kg
Natural frequency f = 20 Hz
Lever length L = 100 mm = 0.10 m
Conclusion: Use KD – A3
6
Special Applications Notes on Constant Tension Take Up Reel
Suggested Procedure
This must be less than 10W for S – CRD and 40W for T – CRD.
Ø 5
Adjuster Knob Locking Screw
54 4.9
6.73
4 holes Ø Specification
.9 4
6.47
9
Rate
Fixed rate model KD–F
Any value (± 10%) between:
26.99
Ø 26.96
Ø 31.5
45.7
Continuous power
dissipation not to exceed
LEVER OR COUPLING CAN BE 10W at 20°C ambient.
19
Specification
9.022
9.000
22
Ø 18
Rate
Adjustable
Max (LA4): 300 Nm/rad/s Dimensions in mm
(2700 lbf.ins/rad/s)
OPTIONAL COUPLING
Angle of travel
215° ± 5° 96
External end stops 60 Rate Adjuster
must be provided 71.5
12
R 5 TYP.
Max. safe torque 12
350 lbf.ins / 40 Nm
Continuous power
Ø 12
8.98
8.94
Ø 80
82
Frictional torque
2 lbf.ins / 0.2 Nm typical
With adjuster set to maximum the rate may exceed stated Couplings
maximum and with adjuster set to minimum the rate may be Steel couplings are available as an option.
less than stated minimum.
Ordering Codes
LA1, 2, 3 or 4 – DD
LA1, 2, 3 or 4 – FC or FAC
9
240° Vane Dashpot
Model LB
Specification
16.027
16.000
40
Rate
Adjustable
Max (LB4): 400 Nm/rad/s
(3500 lbf.ins/rad/s)
32
Dimensions in mm
OPTIONAL COUPLING Angle of travel
240° ± 5°
110.0 91
Rate Adjuster R 10
External end stops
14 must be provided
Continuous power
dissipation not to exceed
80W at 20°C ambient
Ø 130
110.0
Frictional torque
5 lbf.ins / 0.5 Nm typical
Ordering Codes
LB1, 2, 3 or 4 – DD
LB1, 2, 3 or 4 – FC or FAC
10
220° Vane Dashpot
Model LE
4 Mounting Holes
Shaft Square
Ø 12.7
200 shown in central
65 120 R 18
position. Notch
Specification indicates position 15
of rotor. 31
Rate
Adjustable 29
Max (LE6): TO RADIUS
12000 Nm/rad/s
Ø 226
(106200 lbf.ins/rad/s)
200
235
Angle of travel Ø 32.0
24.98
24.93
220° ± 1°
External end stops
must be provided
15 Rate Adjuster
Max. safe torque
4820 lbf.ins / 545 Nm Ø 90 235
10
Continuous power Ø 150
dissipation not to exceed
25.06
25.00
56
200W at 20°C
Ø 50
Max. shaft end load
224 lbf / 1000 N pushing
on shaft
18 lbf / 80 N pulling
on shaft STANDARD COUPLING
Ambient temperature An adjuster permits any damping rate to be obtained within The following features may be specified for any
range one of the following ranges. The range must be specified model:
0°C to 60°C when ordering the dashpot.
Differential Rate (FC or FAC)
Frictional torque LE1: 443 to 3100 lbf.ins/rad/s / 50 to 350 Nm/rad/s Gives a large resistance in one direction only
27 lbf.ins / 3 Nm typical and less than 1/10 resistance in the other.
LE2: 885 to 6200 lbf.ins/rad/s / 100 to 700 Nm/rad/s Specify free clockwise or free anticlockwise
Shaft material when viewed from shaft end.
Stainless steel 431S29
LE3: 1770 to 13275 lbf.ins/rad/s / 200 to 1500
Nm/rad/s Double Damping (DD)
Body material
Gives equal resistance in either direction.
Aluminium alloy LM25
LE4: 3540 to 26550 lbf.ins/rad/s / 400 to 3000
Weight Nm/rad/s Couplings
26 lbs / 12 kg Steel couplings are available as an option.
LE5: 7080 to 53100 lbf.ins/rad/s / 800 to 6000
Nm/rad/s
11
220° Vane Dashpots
Model LX & LH
LX
14 125 360
4 Mounting Holes
Ø 13.5
Specification
28.58
28.53
Ø 40
LX
Rate
Ø 150 (F7)
Adjustable
360
Max 18000 Nm/rad/s
(159300 lbf.ins/rad/s)
85
Angle of travel
Shaft square shown 220° ± 1°
in central position.
Notch indicates
External end stops
position of rotor. must be provided
25
Max. safe torque
Ø 550 5660 lbf.ins / 640 Nm
Shaft material
Stainless steel 431S29
Body material
Aluminium alloy LM25
Weight
99 lbs / 45 kg
LH
Rate
Adjustable
Max 18000 Nm/rad/s
(159300 lbf.ins/rad/s)
Angle of travel
LH 220° ± 1°
External end stops
Ø 650
must be provided
129 MAX.
325
MAX
Shaft material
Stainless steel 431S29
Body material
Aluminium alloy LM25
Ø 53
180
360
Weight
108 lbs / 49 kg
232
12
6
4 Mounting Holes
360 Ø 13.5.
Model S – CRD
CR Dashpot
73.4
4 Fixing holes 50.8 Dimensions in mm.
Ø 6.4
Standard
Specification
Ø 26.7
X MI
N
MA 1
1
Rate Serial No.
Y
MA
RE
9
DE
A M S UR
Code No.
Ø 33
50.8
IN E NGLA
S-CRD
right (± 10%)
8
RNH
KINETROL LTD
FA
ND
Adjust Slowly
7
cS 1
30
0
C
range 00 M
on
5 t in
tin
.
12 cS
u
0°C to 60°C
225 atin
ou
t
00 cS
s
1
5W g
R
50 t 0.1
00 cS
Frictional torque 20 00
t
cS
10
t
cS
0
0.13 lbf.ins / 0.015 Nm 50
0
35
typical
Shaft material
Stainless steel 303S31 0.1 0.01
Ø 76.2
Ø 33
Adjustment allows the rate
Ø
6
0
TORQUE
2
0°C to 60°C
W
m
4
in
LBF IN.
15
.
0
t
10
cS
W s.
Frictional torque
m
0 t
in
00 cS
2
5 00 0 t 0.5 lbf.ins / 0.056 Nm
00 cS
10 0 0 typical
10 00 t 1
8
30 cS
6 0
50 Shaft material
4 12 cS
t
2 High tensile steel
00
10 Logarithmic co-ordinates 605M36(T)
0.2
Body material
1
.01 0.1 1 2 4 6 8 10 100
Cast Aluminium LM 4M
SPEED - Radians / sec.
Weight
5.27 lbs / 2.39 kg
37.3 12.7
Optional shaft extension Dimensions in mm.
Code Q–CRD–DE 4 Ø 5.0 Fixing holes
Ø 4.744 Standard
equispaced on 39.7 P.C.D.
6.4
Specification
4.758
4.758
4.744
Rate
Ø
25.40
25.38
Max. safe torque
Ø
13 lbf.ins / 1.5 Nm
Ambient temperature
range Applications
0°C to 60°C
SPEED - Rev / min.
Frictional torque 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
0.025 lbf.ins / 0.003 Nm
typical 4
imits
Torque / Speed Curves for filling ing L Nm
He a t
of various viscosities at 20°C. 2
Shaft material
Mild steel 220M07 10 1
8 0.8
6 0.6
Body material 4 0.4
Zinc alloy Mazak 3
2
1
0.2
16 . R
TORQUE
m
in
0W ati
t t t 0.08
cS cS cS t t t t 0.06
cS t
C
0 0 0 cS cS cS cS t t t
00
on
00 00 0 0 cS cS cS
00 50 0 0 0 0.04
tin
0 0 0 0
15 us
Applications 0 0 0 0 0
50 25 10 30 50 20 10 50
uo
12 35 10
W Ra
0.1 0.01
adjustable rate models
may not be justified. Logarithmic co-ordinates
19
Specification
4
Rate
Fixed - see curves left
13.00
12.97
2.995
2.985
(± 10%)
Ø
Ambient temperature
range
SPEED Rev/min 0°C to 60°C
0.1 1 10 100 1000
LBF IN. Nm
Low frictional torque
Torque / Speed Curves for filling 0.015 lbf.ins / 0.002 Nm
of various viscosities at 20°C. typical
1 0.1 Shaft material
Stainless steel 431S29
Body material
t Zinc alloy Mazak 3
TORQUE
cS
TORQUE
0
00 t
0
0.1 50 cS t Weight
0 00 cS t 0.01
0 0.075 lbs / 34 g
60 00 cS
0
30 50 t
12 cS cSt Applications
0
00 00 Particularly suited to
2 10
instrument and small
precision machine
0.01 applications.
0.001
Logarithmic co-ordinates Pure viscous damping is
produced by shear of a film
0.004 of silicone fluid.
0.01 0.1 1 2 4 6 8 10 100 1000 The drum type rotor is
SPEED Rad/s supported at both ends by
miniature ball races.
Typical applications include
Viscosities Available Ordering Codes tension control, damping
moving parts in small
1,000; 2,000; 5,000; 12,500; 30,000; 60,000; N – CRD – (Filling Viscosity)
500,000 cSt. precision machines and
Example: detection of shaft rotation.
Specification of fluid viscosity provides torque/speed
characteristics shown by the curves above. N – CRD – 60,000 has a 60,000 cSt filling.
16
Model X – CRD
CR Dashpot
15.0 50
R5 0.5
R 29
Specification
9.52
9.50
Rate
Ø
Fixed - see curves right
(± 10%)
Ø 46
68
18
Max. safe torque
53 lbf.ins / 6 Nm
Ambient temperature
range
Dimensions in mm.
0°C to 60°C
Body material 2
Zinc alloy Mazak 3 St
0 0c
10 00
Weight 8 50 t 1
cS
0.78 lbs / 355 g 6 00 cS
t TORQUE
00
TORQUE
25 0 0 St
4 0 c
0 0 t
Bearing 10 00 cS t C
6 0 0 0 cS on
tin
Single overhung anti- 0 0 t
2 30 50 cS t
u ou
friction bush 12 0 0
cS s
50 0 ra
2 00 tin
1 t g
Applications cS 10 0.1
0 0 W
Value engineered to suit volume
10
applications where unit cost is of
paramount importance.
Viscous damping is produced by
shear of a film of silicone fluid,
using a drum type rotor. Static
0.02
friction is higher than for other Logarithmic co-ordinates
dashpots in the range but is not
significant for most applications. 0.1
The dashpot is designed to react 0.1 1 2 4 6 8 10 100 1000
pure torsion and therefore side
or axial loads should be avoided. SPEED Rad/s
Typical applications include
damping moving parts in light Viscosities Available Ordering Codes
machinery, e.g. Copying
machines, control of coil 1,000; 2,000; 5,000; 12,500; 30,000; 60,000; X – CRD – (Filling Viscosity)
dereeling, control of descent. 100,000; 250,000; 500,000 cSt.
Specification of fluid viscosity provides torque/speed Example:
characteristics shown by the curves above. X – CRD – 12,500 has a 12,500 cSt filling.
17
Special Dashpots
If required Kinetrol will engineer special dampers to your specification. Some examples of dashpots
Bespoke Dashpots
designed to suit customers applications are shown here. See special dashpot questionnaire on page 7.
Aerospace flight control dashpot. 120° travel Automotive level sensor damper. 50mm long
vane type with 200mm long light alloy body. diecast small angle vane type.
Aerospace aileron trim control dashpot. Aerospace elevator G-weight control damper.
Continuous rotation type with integral fluid loss 120° travel vane type with integral temperature
indication. compensation.
Plastic Dashpots
To compliment its range of robust, precision dashpots Kinetrol has also custom-designed plastic
dampers for high volume, low cost applications.
Injection moulding in acetal or other materials facilitates a wide range of drive and mounting options.
Hybrid designs, with some metal components, can also be engineered where strength and/or longer
life are required.
Continuous rotation type
Example specification: Uni-directional damping
0.08 ± 20% Nm/rad/sec rate
45mm diameter x 17mm dimensional envelope
25g weight 18
0 - 40°C ambient temperature range
Worldwide Distribution
Distributed by:
KF - 72 OCT/17