Revised 5/30/15 - Created by Ricki Block, MS, CCC-SLP
Items in BOLD - added
Functional Play Children learn about their world by exploring. Before a child can develop receptive-expressive word knowledge, they must have a variety of meaningful-purposeful experiences. The best way for a child to learn about his world is through functional interactions with individuals and items in their environment. The following activities will give a child experience exploring toys and familiar objects. The child can look at it, shake it, and eventually learn to use it purposefully.
PLAY WITH TOYS
1. Truck, car, bus, boat, motorcycle, train push 2. Bubbles blow, pop - NEW 3. Plane fly up 4. Xylophone, drum hit 5. Book turn page, point 6. Squeeky toy squeeze 7. Bell ring 8. Blocks-pegs build tower, make tower fall, in, out, on, up 9. Doll sleep, eat, walk, fall, drink, hug, kiss 10. Ball throw, roll, kick, bounce, up 11. Windup toy wind up 12. Friction toy push 13. Pull toy pull 14. Busy box, iPad cause-effect app turn on and off, push buttons/ cause & effect 15. Toy telephone says/waves hello, bye 16. Animals walk, eat, sounds, in, out, up 17. Small blanket hide items – play peek a boo
COMMON ITEMS IN IMMEDIATE ENVIRONMENT
1. Comb, brush comb or brush hair 2. Soap wash hands 3. Paper towel dry hands - NEW 4. Toothbrush brush teeth 5. Cup drink 6. Spoon, fork eat 7. Scissors cut 8. Pan stir with spoon 9. Paper crush, tear cut 10. Finger, brush, dot paint paint on paper – NEW 11. Glue stick glue stroke on paper - NEW 12. Keys Lock or unlock 13. Box open, close 14. Tissue wipe nose – put in garbage 15. Mittens-hat-shoes-pants on, off hands, head, feet, legs 16. Potty sit down, flush Pre-symbolic Language Skills children learn before/as they use words meaningfully
1. Eye Contact & Sound Localization
Babies establish eye contact and learn to recognize faces and voices. They will gain information about language from looking at the face and hearing sounds in their environment. 2. Reciprocal Play Parents interpret the baby's noises, smiles, body and facial expressions early on and provide reciprocal responses. The parent then pauses for the baby to make a response. Initially child and parent take turns with actions and sounds and later, words. By 3 months a baby shows anticipation and excitement at the sound associated with different situations, e.g. familiar voices, and is showing an awareness of gesture and facial expression 3. Cause & Effect By 6 months a child learns that if they drop an item on the floor, someone may pick it up for them. They can bang items and press buttons on a toy and enjoy watching the reaction and repeat the action. 4. Functional Play A child attaches meaning to common items in the environment and understands functions, e.g. throw ball, push a car 5. Imitation and Intention of Movements By 9 months, a child is able to copy hand clapping and playful vocal sounds e.g. smacking lips, coughing. A child can anticipate actions to words, e.g. How big? Sooo big (baby lifts arms up.) 6. Joint attention and Understanding A child can follow another person's focus of attention and can direct someone’s attention to what they are interested in - a critical communication skill. They look for items they drop on the floor or which are hidden. An inquisitive child points with index finger at objects or events of interest. This further encourages adults to engage with the child and to name objects/events for the child. All these non-verbal skills continue to develop as the child's verbal skills emerge. Non-verbal and verbal communication skills are interlinked during all language learning. 7. Expression The child has communicative intent - child wants to communicate - non-verbally through looking, facial expressions, body language, vocalizations, pointing, pulling a parent to desired object and gesture and eventually words to express greetings, capture the adult’s attention, requests, protests, recurrence, labeling.