Pronunciation of -ed ending of REGULAR VERBS

1. To form the past simple and past participle of regular verbs we add –ed:

play ➞ played
work ➞ worked
start ➞ started
2. There are three different ways to pronounce the –ed ending:
sound example pronunciatio
n
/t/ worked ‘t’ sound
/d/ played ‘d’ sound
/id/ started ‘id’ sound
Some regular verbs with the –ed ending pronounced /t/
verb past tense pronunciatio
n
 /t/
work worked worked
cook cooked cooked
walk walked walked
kiss kissed kissed
like liked liked
stop stopped stopped
look looked looked
drop dropped dropped
Some regular verbs with the –ed ending pronounced /d/
verb past tense pronunciatio
n
/d/
play played played
show showed showed
close closed closed
open opened opened
Verbs ending in a...
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed 1. silent e 2. vowel + y
love loved loved close =
try tried tried closed  play = played 
rain rained rained die = died  destroy =
learn learned learned phone = destroyed 
phoned  show = showed 
clean cleaned cleaned
3. 4. other forms
consonant
Some regular verbs with the –ed ending pronounced /id/ + y
verb past tense Pronunciatio marry = visit = visited 
n /id/ married  miss = missed
wait waited waited carry = watch =
want wanted wanted carried  watched 
study = finish = finished 
need needed needed
studied fix = fixed 
decide decided decided buzz = buzzed
hate hated hated
taste tasted tasted
end ended ended
 IRREGULAR VERBS
INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE
BE /bi:/ WAS/WERE BEEN /bi:n/ SEE/si:/ SAW/sɔ:/ SEEN/si:n/
BECOME /bɪ 'kʌm/ BECAME BECOME SELL/sel/ SOLD/sould/ SOLD/sould/
/bɪ 'keɪm/ /bɪ 'kʌm/ SEND/send/ SENT/sent/ SENT/sent/
BEGIN BEGAN BEGUN SHINE/ʃaɪn/ SHONE/ʃoun/ SHONE/ʃoun/
/bɪ 'gɪn/ /bɪ 'gæn/ /bɪ 'gʌn/ SING/sɪŋ/ SANG/sæŋ/ SUNG/sʌŋ/
BITE /baɪt/ BIT/bɪt/ BITTEN /'bɪtn/ SIT/sɪt/ SAT/sæt/ SAT/sæt/
BLOW /blou/ BLEW /blu:/ BLOWN /bloun/ SLEEP/sli:p/ SLEPT/slept/ SLEPT/slept/
BREAK /breɪk/ BROKE/brouk/ BROKEN/'broukən/ SPEAK/spi:k/ SPOKE/spouk/ SPOKEN/'spoukən/
BRING/brɪŋ/ BROUGHT/brɔ:t/ BROUGHT/brɔ:t/ SPEND/spend/ SPENT/spent/ SPENT/spent/
BUILD/bɪld/ BUILT/bɪlt/ BUILT/bɪlt/ STAND/stænd/ STOOD/stʊd/ STOOD/stʊd/
BURN/bɜ:rn/ BURNT/bɜ:rnt/ BURNT /bɜ:rnt/ STEAL/sti:l/ STOLE/stoul/ STOLEN/'stoulən/
BUY/baɪ/ BOUGHT/bɔ:t/ BOUGHT/bɔ:t/ STICK/stik/ STUCK/stʌk/ STUCK/stʌk/
CATCH /kætʃ/ CAUGHT/kɔ:t/ CAUGHT/kɔ:t/ SWEEP/swi:p/ SWEPT/swept/ SWEPT/swept/
CHOOSE/tʃu:z/ CHOSE /tʃouz/ CHOSEN/'tʃouzən/ SWIM/swɪm/ SWAM/swæm/ SWUM/swʌm/
COME /kʌm/ CAME/keɪm/ COME/kʌm/ TAKE/teɪk/ TOOK/tʊk/ TAKE/'teɪkən/
CUT/kʌt/ CUT/kʌt/ CUT/kʌt/ TEACH/ti:tʃ/ TAUGHT/tɔ:t/ TAUGHT/tɔ:t/
DO /du:/ DID/dɪd/ DONE /dʌn/ TELL/tel/ TOLD/tould/ TOLD/tould/
DRAW/drɔ:/ DREW/dru:/ DRAWN/drɔ:n/ THINK/θɪŋk/ THOUGHT/θɔ:t/ THOUGHT/θɔ:t/
DRINK/drɪŋk/ DRANK/dræŋk/ DRUNK /drʌŋk/ THROW/θrou/ THREW/θru:/ THROWN/θroun/
DRIVE/draɪv/ DROVE/drouv/ DRIVEN/'drɪvən/ UNDERSTAND UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTOOD
EAT/i:t/ ATE/et/ EATEN/'i:tn/ /ʌndər 'stænd/ /ʌndər 'stʊd/ /ʌndər 'stʊd/
FALL/fɔ:l/ FELL/fel/ FALLEN/'fɔ:lən/ WAKE/weɪk/ WOKE/wouk/ WOKEN/'woukən/
FEED/fi:d/ FED/fed/ FED/fed/ WEAR/weər/ WORE/wɔr/ WORN/wɔrn/
FEEL/fi:l/ FELT/felt/ FELT/felt/ WIN/wɪn/ WON/wʌn/ WON/wʌn/
FIGHT/faɪt/ FOUGHT/fɔ:t/ FOUGHT/fɔ:t/ WRITE/raɪt/ WROTE/rout/ WRITTEN/'rɪtn/
FIND/faɪnd/ FOUND/faʊnd/ FOUND/faʊnd/
FLY/flaɪ/ FLEW/flu:/ FLOWN/floun/
FORGET/fər 'get/ FORGOT /fər 'gɒt/ FORGOTTEN You can practise your pronunciation on the
/fər 'gɒtn/ following address:
FREEZE/fri:z/ FROZE/frouz/ FROZEN/'frouzən/
GET/get/ GOT/gɒt/ GOT/gɒt/
GO/gou/ WENT/went/ GONE/gɒn/
GIVE/gɪv/ GAVE/geɪv/ GIVEN/'gɪvən/
GROW/grou/ GREW/gru:/ GROWN/groun/
HAVE/hæv/ HAD/hæd/ HAD/hæd/
HEAR/hɪər/ HEARD/hɜ:rd/ HEARD/hɜ:rd/
HIDE/haɪd/ HID/hɪd/ HIDDEN/'hɪdn/
HIT/hɪt/ HIT/hɪt/ HIT/hɪt/
HOLD/hould/ HELD/held/ HELD/held/
KEEP/ki:p/ KEPT/kept/ KEPT/kept/
KNOW/nou/ KNEW/nu:/ KNOWN/noun/
LEARN/lɜ:rn/ LEARNT/lɜ:rnt/ LEARNT/lɜ:rnt/
LEAVE/li:v/ LEFT/left/ LEFT/left/
LOSE/lu:z/ LOST/lɒst/ LOST/lɒst/
MAKE/meɪk/ MADE/meɪd/ MADE/meɪd/
MEET/mi:t/ MET/met/ MET/met/
PAY/peɪ/ PAID/peɪd/ PAID/peɪd/
PUT/pʊt/ PUT/pʊt/ PUT/pʊt/
READ/ri:d/ READ/red/ READ/red/
RIDE/raɪd/ RODE/roud/ RIDDEN/'rɪdn/
RING/rɪŋ/ RANG/ræŋ/ RUNG/rʌŋ/
RUN/rʌn/ RAN/ræn/ RUN/rʌn/
SAY/seɪ/ SAID/sed/ SAID/sed/
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