Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, AHMEDABAD, GUJARAT

COURSE CURRICULUM
COURSE TITLE: THEORY OF MACHINES
(Code: 3341903)

Diploma Programme in which this course is offered Semester in which offered

Mechanical Engineering, 4th Semester
Mechatronics Engineering

1. RATIONALE
In industries, the mechanical engineers/technicians are supposed to manage functioning
of equipment with proper planning, operation and maintenance of equipment. Such a
functional requirement needs knowledge and skills of various motion and force
transforming mechanisms and devices, such as four bar mechanism, belt pulley,
clutches, flywheel, etc. This course is included in the curriculum to provide such
necessary knowledge and skills in the area of mechanical equipment and devices to help
in understanding of kinematics & dynamics of different equipment being used in
industry. Thus it is a key course for mechanical engineers/technicians.

2. COMPETENCY
The course content should be taught with the aim to develop different types of
skills so that students are able to acquire following competency:

 Use principles of kinematics and dynamics in operation and maintenance

of various mechanisms and equipments.

3. COURSE OUTCOMES
The theory should be taught and practical should be carried out in such a manner that
students are able to acquire different learning out comes in cognitive, psychomotor
and affective domain to demonstrate following course outcomes.
i. Draw inversions and determine velocity and acceleration of different
mechanisms.
ii. Construct different types of cam profile for a given data.
iii. Calculate loss of power due to friction in various machine elements.
iv. Solve problems on power transmission.
v. Construct turning moment diagram.
vi. Calculate balancing mass and its position.
vii. Identify different types of vibration, their causes and remedies.

4. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME

Teaching Scheme Total Credits Examination Scheme
(In Hours) (L+T+P) Theory Marks Practical Marks Total
Marks
L T P C ESE PA ESE PA
150
4 0 2 6 70 30 20 30
Legends: L -Lecture; T -Tutorial/Teacher Guided Student Activity; P -Practical; C - Credit; ESE-End
Semester Examination; PA -Progressive Assessment.

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Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

5. COURSE DETAILS

Major Learning Topics and Sub-topics

Unit
Outcomes
1a. Define link, pairs, 1.1 Theory of machines: introduction, need,
Unit – I mechanisms, scope and importance in design and
inversion, structure analysis.
Introduction and machines. 1.2 Kinematics, kinetics and dynamics-
1b. Explain various concept and examples.
terminology 1.3 Basic terminology related to machines
associated with and mechanisms.
theory of machine.
1c. Draw inversions of 1.4 Development of different mechanisms
different mechanisms and its inversions like four bar chain
mechanism , slider crank mechanism,
double slider crank mechanism, etc.
2a.Draw velocity and 2.1 Basic concept used in solving velocity
Unit – II acceleration diagram and acceleration problems.
for a given 2.2 Approach to solve velocity and
Velocity and mechanism. acceleration related to mechanisms using
acceleration 2b. Calculate velocity and Relative velocity method for single slider
diagram acceleration from a crank mechanism and Four bar chain
given mechanism. mechanism.
2.3 Klein’s construction for single slider
cranks mechanism.
3a. Explain different types 3.1 Introduction, functions and types of cams
Unit – III of cams and cam and cam followers.
followers and their 3.2 Types of motions and displacement for
Cam and cam motions. different types of cam and cam
profile followers.
3b.Construct different 3.3 Construct different types of cam profiles.
types of cam profile
from given data.
4a.Explain laws of 4.1 Concept and laws of friction.
Unit – IV friction 4.2 Appreciate the role of friction in thrust
4b. Calculate Power loss bearing, pivot bearing and collars
Friction due to friction in considering - Uniform pressure and
bearings. Uniform wear condition.
4c.Describe the working 4.3 Clutch:
of different types of i. Functions.
clutches, brakes and ii. Types with sketches and
dynamometers. working.
4.4 Brakes:
i. Functions.
ii. Types with sketches and
working.
4.5 Dynamometers- types and operational
working principles.

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Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

Major Learning Topics and Sub-topics

Unit
Outcomes
5a.Explain the need and 5.1 Introduction, need and modes of power
Unit – V modes of power transmission.
transmission. 5.2 Types of power transmission.
Power 5b.Solve problems on flat 5.3 Belt drive- types, terminology and
transmission belt drive. standards/designation methods as per
BIS/ISO.
5.4 Belt speed-co-efficient of friction,
velocity ratios and slip.
5.5 Power transmitted by flat belt - tensions,
centrifugal tensions, maximum tension,
condition for transmitting maximum
power and initial tension.(with
derivations), numerical examples.
5.6 Merits and demerits of power
transmission drives.
5c.Solve simple 5.7 Gear trains-types, numerical examples
problems on gear and applications.
trains.
6a.Construct Turning 6.1 Turning moment diagram:
Unit – VI moment diagram. i. Concept.
ii. Its use for different machines.
Flywheel and iii. Fluctuations of energy.
governor 6.2 Co-efficient of fluctuation of speed and
energy.
6.3 Method to construct turning moment
diagram, numerical examples.
6b.Differentiate between 6.4 Flywheel: functions and types.
flywheel and 6.5 Moment of inertia and mass calculation
governor. of flywheel-numerical examples.
6c.Calculate mass of 6.6 Governors: terminology, types &
flywheel. functions.
7a.Calculate balancing 7.1 Concepts and types of balancing.
Unit – VI I mass and its position 7.2 Effects of unbalanced masses.
for masses revolving 7.3 Balancing of revolving masses in same
Balancing and in same plane. plane:
vibrations i. Analytical and graphical
methods to find balancing mass.
ii. Numeric examples.
7.4 Balancing of reciprocating masses. (No
numerical examples).
7b.Identify different types 7.5 Vibration:
of vibration, its causes i. Terminology.
and remedies. ii. Effects.
iii. Causes.
iv. Remedies.

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 Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

6. SUGGESTED SPECIFICATION TABLE WITH HOURS & MARKS (THEORY)

Unit Unit Title Distribution of Theory Marks

Teaching R U A Total
Hours Level Level Level Marks
I Introduction 08 07 07 00 14
Velocity and acceleration
II 07 02 00 05 07
diagram
III Cam and cam profile 06 00 00 07 07
IV Friction 12 02 05 07 14
V Power transmission 12 00 07 07 14
VI Flywheel and governor 06 02 05 00 07
VII Balancing and vibrations 05 05 02 00 07
Total 56 18 26 26 70

Note: This specification table shall be treated as a general guideline for students and
teachers. The actual distribution of marks in the question paper may vary slightly from
above table.

General Notes:
a. If midsem test is part of continuous evaluation, unit numbers I, II , III and IV
(Up to 4.2 only) are to be considered.
b. Ask the questions from each topic as per marks weightage. Numerical questions
are to be asked only if it is specified. Optional questions must be asked from the
same topic.

7. SUGGESTED LIST OF EXERCISES/PRACTICALS

The practical/exercises should be properly designed and implemented with an attempt to
develop different types of skills (outcomes in psychomotor and affective domain) so
that students are able to acquire the competencies/programme outcomes. Following is the
list of practical exercises for guidance.

Note: Here only outcomes in psychomotor domain are listed as practical/exercises.

However, if these practical/exercises are completed appropriately, they would also lead to
development of certain outcomes in affective domain which would in turn lead to
development of Course Outcomes related to affective domain. Thus over all development
of Programme Outcomes (as given in a common list at the beginning of curriculum
document for this programme) would be assured.
Faculty should refer to that common list and should ensure that students also acquire
outcomes in affective domain which are required for overall achievement of Programme
Outcomes/Course Outcomes.

S. Unit Practical Exercises Hrs.

No. No. (Outcomes’ in Psychomotor Domain) required
Preperatory Activity:
a. Interpret and write various course related SI units and their
1 ALL 02
conversions.
b. Recall and write scalar and vector quantities.

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Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

c. Demonstrate various mechanisms.

Velocity And Acceleration:
a. Prepare one sheet on velocity and acceleration diagram for
given mechanisms by relative velocity method. This should
include minimum four problems.
b. Prepare one sheet on velocity and acceleration diagram for
2 II 06
given mechanisms by Klein’s construction method. Teacher
will assign any one problem from sheet drawn with relative
velocity method. (Above at a).
c. Prepare report showing necessary calculations for above a
and b.
Cam Profile:
a. Demonstrate working of any type of cam and followers.
b. Prepare one sheet on construction of cam profile for given
data (without offset). This should include one problem of
knife edge follower and another of roller follower.
3 III 06
c. Prepare one sheet on construction of cam profile for given
data (with offset). This should include one problem of knife
edge follower and another of roller follower.
d. Prepare report showing necessary calculations for above b
and c.
Demonstration of Clutch:
Identify different parts of a single plate disc clutch through
4 IV 02
disassembly, observe wear and tear due to friction and prepare
report based on inspection criteria.
Demonstration Of Power Transmission Systems:
a. Identify various power transmission systems by observing
different machines and equipments used in mechanical
5 V engineering laboratory/workshop. For example- IC Engine 02
test rig, Compressors, Machine tools, Elevators, etc. Sketch
at least four mechanisms with labeling on each.
b. Demonstrate working of each.
Balancing:
6 VII Prepare one sheet on balancing using graphical and analytical method 02
for a given data. Include minimum two problems.
Tutorials:
a. Calculate power loss due to friction in bearings from given
experimental data.
IV,V b. Solve two problems of power transmission systems (one of
7 and belt drive and another of gear train) from given experimental
02
VI data.
c. Calculate and prepare turning moment diagram from given
experimental data.
d. Calculate mass of flywheel from given experimental data.
Mini Project And Presentation:
a. Compile information from internet related to various
mechanisms/elements like piston, crank, connecting rod, cam,
8 ALL 06
clutch, brake, flywheel, governor, or animation of
mechanism etc. along with functions of each.
b. Select any one mechanism (preferably that which is NOT

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Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

part of syllabus) from mechanical laboratory/workshop/real

life. Sketch the same. Take photograph of the same. Also
record the movie of its working.
c. Prepare subject related mechanism simple model. This has to
be proposed by student/s and has to be approved by teacher.
d. Present the experience with power point presentation and
model prepared at c above. This has to include:
i. Compiled information as per a above.
ii. Explain the mechanism selected at b above. Use
photographs and movie recorded.
iii. Explain the working of model prepared at c above.
iv. Photographs/movie of students working on project.
e. Present student activities also.
Total Hours 28
Notes:
a. Term work report must not include any photocopies, printed manual/pages,
litho, etc. It must be hand written / hand drawn by student only. However
teacher may allow related photographs/movie for experience number 8.
b. Term work report content of each experience should also include following.
i. Sheets, reports and tutorials.
ii. Mini project model, presentation and downloaded content.
iii. Student activity.
c. Mini project and presentation topic/area has to be assigned to the student in the
beginning of the term by batch teacher. This may be assigned individually or in
the group of maximum 3-5 students.
d. For 20 marks ESE, students are to be assessed for competencies achieved.
They should be given following tasks:
i. Problems on velocity and acceleration on mechanism, cam profile
power transmission, friction, flywheel and balancing.
ii. Sketch of mechanism, cam and follower, clutches, brakes,
dynamometer, gear trains, governor.

8. SUGGESTED LIST OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES

SR.NO. ACTIVITY
List the mechanisms which you are using in your day to day life. Sketch any
1
three from these.
List the mechanism used in a typical car.
2.
Identify and measure the dimensions of Flywheel used in automobile.
3.
Identify the type of clutches used in different automobiles and also the type of
4.
brakes in automobile and bicycle.
Visit the market and collect the data of items which are used in any
5. mechanisms. Data includes specifications, cost, applications, etc. Also name
the mechanism/s in which such item/s is/are used.

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Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

9. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES (If Any)

Sr.
Unit Unit Name Strategies
No.
Model, Education charts & videos, Real life
1 I Introduction examples. Demonstration of real industrial parts
used in different devices, Movies/Animations.
Velocity and
2 II Movies/Animations.
acceleration diagram
3 III Cam and cam profile Demonstration of cams, Movies/Animations.
Model, Education charts & videos, Real life
4 IV Friction examples. Demonstration of real industrial parts
used in different devices, Movies/Animations.
Demonstration of real industrial parts,
5 V Power transmission Movies/Animations, Models of different power
transmission elements
Flywheel and Industrial visit, Animations/movies, Models of
6 VI
governor different types of governors.
Balancing and
7 VII Industrial visit, Animations/movies.
vibrations

10. SUGGESTED LEARNING RESOURCES

(A) List of Books:
S. No. Title of Books Author Publication

Metropolitan Book New Delhi,

1. Theory of Machines Jagdishlal
Company, Daryaganj, Delhi.

2. Theory of Machines S.S.Ratan Tata McGraw Hill , New Delhi.

3. Theory of Machines Abdulla Shariff Dhanpatray and sons, New Delhi.

4. Theory of Machines Shah & Jadvani Dhanpatray and sons, New Delhi.
A Ghosh and AK East West Press (Pvt) Ltd., New
5. Theory of Machines
Malik Delhi.
6. Theory of Machines R.S.Khurmi S.chand, New Delhi.
7. Theory of Machines P.L.Bellaney Khanna publication, NewDelhi.
Joseph Edward
8 Theory of Machines McGrawHill.
Shigley
8 Theory of Machines Thomas Bevan CSB Publishers & Distributors

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Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

(B) List of Software/Learning Websites:

i. http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/video.php?subjectId=112104121
ii. http://www.technologystudent.com/gears1/gears7.htm
iii. http://kmoddl.library.cornell.edu/model.php?m=20
iv. http://www3.ul.ie/~kirwanp/whatisacamandfollowersyste.htm
v. http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-
Delhi/Kinematics%20of%20Machine/index.htm
vi. http://elearning.vtu.ac.in/12/enotes/Des_Mac-Ele2/Unit6-RK.pdf
vii. en.wikipedia.org/.../Canadian_Committee_for_the_Theory_of_Machines...‎
viii. global.oup.com/.../theory-of-machines-and-mechanisms-978019537123...‎
ix. www.tecquipment.com/Theory_of_Machines.aspx‎
x. www.researchgate.net/.../0094-114X_Mechanism_and_Machine_Theory‎
xi. www.journals.elsevier.com/mechanism-and-machine-theory/
xii. journalseek.net/cgi-bin/journalseek/journalsearch.cgi?field=issn...‎
xiii. site.iugaza.edu.ps/wp-content/.../IUGAZA%20TOM2012_CH1-2.pdf‎
xiv. www.iftomm.org/
xv. www.wiziq.com/online-tests/44047-mechanical-theory-of-machine‎
xvi. www.cs.ubc.ca/~murphyk/Teaching/CS340-Fall07/infoTheory.pdf‎

(C) List of equipments:

i. Working Models / wooden/thermocol theoretical models of:

a. Kinematic links and pairs.
b. Single slider crank.
c. Four bar chain.
ii. Types of cams, followers and cam/follower arrangements.
iii. Friction bearing- all types.
iv. Dynamometers - all types.
v. Friction clutches - all types.
vi. Friction brakes - all types.
vii. Rope/belt – All types of flat and vee.
viii. Gear trains - all types.(Simple, compound, reverted, epicyclical).
ix. Balancing machines -Revolving masses, Reciprocating masses.
x. Steam engine, internal combustion engine.
xi. Governors - all types.
xii. Vibration -spring and mass model.
xiii. Any machine having flywheel.
11. COURSE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE

Faculty Members from Polytechnics:

 Prof. D. M. Trivedi. Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering, K.J.Polytechnic ,
Bharuch.
 Prof. M. P. Jakhaniya, Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering, C.U.Shah.Polytechnic
Surendranagar.
 Prof. D. R. Katariya, Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering, Government
Polytechnic, Bhuj.

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Theory of Machines Course code: 3341903

Coordinator and Faculty Members from NITTTR Bhopal.

 Prof. Sharad K. Pradhan, Head, Department of Mechanical Engineering,

 Dr. K.K. Jain, Professor and Dean, Department of Mechanical Engineering,

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