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VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur-603203
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Academic Year: 2016-17
QUESTION BANK - ODD SEMESTER

NAME OF THE SUBJECT MULTI MEDIA COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES

SUBJECT CODE IT6003
SEMESTER VII
YEAR IV –IT 1
DEPARTMENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
PREPARED BY A.R.REVATHI, A.P(SL.G)/IT [ARR]

UNIT -I [PART-A]
Q.No Question Competence Level
Understanding BTL2
1 What do you mean by multimedia?
Remembering BTL1
2 Define Virtual Reality.
Remembering BTL1
3 Mention the Basic stages of Multimedia.
Understanding BTL2
4 Describe the definition of Hyper Media & Interactive Multimedia
Remembering BTL1
5 Mention application of multimedia.
Analysing BTL4
6 Explain voice mail.
Applying BTL3
7 Classify the application of entertainment in multimedia.
Remembering BTL1
8 Differentiate between MOD and VOD.
Analysing BTL4
9 Explain Multimedia mail.
Indentify the mode of information stream associated with multimedia Applying BTL3
10 application.
Analysing BTL4
11 Distinguish between stereo recoding and monophonic recoding.
Analysing BTL4
12 Compare additive color mixing and subtractive color mixing .
Determine the propagation delay associated with connection through a private Evaluating BTL5
13 telephone network of 1km.
Remembering BTL1
14 Classify the text document that are used to procedure page of document.
Applying BTL3
15 Examine the need of aspect ratio.
Understanding BTL2
16 What is the need of anti aliasing filter?
Remembering BTL1
17 Mention the properties of color sources in video.
Understanding BTL2
18 Describe MIDI.
Creating BTL6
19 How quantization error can be optimized?
Determine the rate of the sample and bandwidth of the hand limiting filter in a
encoder which is to be used for the digitization of an analog signal which has a Evaluating BTL5
20 bandwidth from 15HZ theory to 10 Khz. Assuming the digitized signal is to be
stored within a memory of a computer?

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UNIT -I [PART-B]

Q.No Question Marks Competence Level

a Discuss the importance of text in a multimedia representation 06 Understanding BTL2
b Compare a type face and a font 05 Analysing BTL4
1
Discuss font encoding system and HTML character encoding
c 05
Understanding BTL2
standards
Explain the general principles of sound and how it can be used in a
a 10
Analysing BTL4
2 multimedia projects.
b Define MIDI and list its attributes 06 Remembering BTL1
State the meaning of the following
3 - (i) unformulated / plain text (ii) formatted / rich text (iii) hyper 4X4=16
Applying BTL3
text (iv) VOIP
With the aid of a diagram, explain the principle of operation of a
a 10
Analysing BTL4
PCM speech codec.
4
Include in your diagram the operation of the compression in the
b 06
Creating BTL6
decoder and the expander in the decoder.
With the aid of diagrams, describe the following digitization
formats
5 - (i) 4 : 2 : 2 (ii) 4 : 2 : 0 (iii) SIF iv) CIF. For each Remembering BTL1
16
format state and temporal resolution and the sampling rate used for
the luminance and the 2 color difference signals.
With the aid of diagrams, describe the following digitization
formats (i) QCIF (ii) S-QCIF
a Understanding BTL2
6 For each format state and temporal resolution and the sampling rate 10
used for the luminance and the 2 color difference signals.
b Give an example application of 4:2:2, 4:2:0, SIF format. 06 Creating BTL6
Explain the meaning of the following terms relating to the encoding
7 - 08+08 Analysing BTL4
design (i) sampling rate (ii) Quantization interval
Assuming the bandwidth of a speech signal is from 50 HZ through
to 10 KHZ and that of a music signal is from 15 HZ through to 20
KHZ, derive the bit rate that is generated by the digitization
8 procedure in each care assuming the Nyquist sampling rate is used 16 Evaluating BTL5
with 12 bits per sample for the speech signal of 16 bits per sample
for the music signal. Derive the memory required to store a 10
Minutes passage of stereophonic music
An analog signal has a dynamic range of 40 db. Determine the
9 magnitude of the quantization noise relative to the minimum signal 08+08 Applying BTL3
amplitude if the quantizer uses (i) 6 bits (ii) 10 bits
a Describe the capabilities and limitation of bitmap Images 08 Remembering BTL1
10
b Describe the capabilities and limitation of Vector Images 08 Remembering BTL1

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a Discuss the origins of cel animation 08 Remembering BTL1
11
b Short notes on (i) Kinematics (ii) Morphing 04+04 Understanding BTL2
Explain why the multimedia skill set is different from other project
a 10 Evaluating BTL5
skill sets.
12 Why are multimedia projects most frequently performed by teams?
b Whose responsibility is it to ensure that the team operates 06 Analysing BTL4
effectively? What can be done to promote team effectiveness?
Discuss some of the general principles and factors that apply to
13 - 16 Understanding BTL2
create computer animation for multimedia presentations
Short note on (i) Signal Bandwidth (ii) Synthesized audio
14 - 16 Remembering BTL1
(iii) Broadcast television (iv) CD quality audio

UNIT -II [PART-A]

Q.No Question Competence Level

1 Define ADPCM. Remembering BTL1
2 Describe about sub band coding & what is the important of sub band coding in
Understanding BTL2
audio compression.
3 What do you meant by LPC? Understanding BTL2
4 Analyze the parameters for vocal tract excitation. Analysing BTL4

5 How CELP provides better quality than LPC in speech coding? Analysing BTL4
6 State standards of CELP based standards. Understanding BTL2
7 What are the features is used to determine the perception of signal by the ear? Understanding BTL2
8 When the SMR calculation will be used? Applying BTL3
9 Define Frequency masking. Remembering BTL1
10 Show temporal masking with neat diagram. Applying BTL3
11 Mention the types of frame sequence assignment. Remembering BTL1
12 Define GOP. Remembering BTL1
13 Describe Macro block. Remembering BTL1
14 Compare MPEG1 and H.261 Evaluating BTL5
15 What are standard associated with HDTV? Understanding BTL2
16 Define VOP. Remembering BTL1
17 Compare MPEG1 and MPEG2. Evaluating BTL5
18 Compare MPEG2 and MPEG4. Evaluating BTL5
19 Describe MPEG4. Remembering BTL1
20 How to determine motion estimation & compensation? Creating BTL6

UNIT -II [PART-B]

Q.No Question Mark Competence Level
With the aid of schematic diagram, explain the operation of a basic
a 10 Remembering BTL1
1 DPCM Signal encoder and decoder
b Include in your explanation the source of error that can arise. 06 Analysing BTL4

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a Explain the principles operation of a third order DPCM scheme. 10 Remembering BTL1
2 Explain how the performance of a basic DPCM scheme can be improved
b 06 Analysing BTL4
by utilizing a more accurate version of the previous signal.
Explain briefly how higher level of compression can be obtained by
3 - 16 Evaluating BTL5
making the predictor coefficients associated with ADPCM adaptive.
a Explain the main difference between an LPC codec and a CECP codec. 08 Evaluating BTL5
4 Explain the meaning of the following terms relating to speech coders
b 4x2=8 Remembering BTL1
(i) Processing delay (ii) algorithm delay (iii) look ahead (iv) coder delay.
Explain the principles on which perceptual coders are based and how
5 - 16 Understanding BTL2
they differ from an LPC and CELP coder.
Explain the principles on which LPC coders are based. Hence with the
aid of a schematic diagram of an LPC encoder and decoder, identifying
6 - 16 Remembering BTL1
the perception parameters and associated vocal tract excitation parameter
that are used.
With the aid of a graph showing the sensitivity of the human ear, explain
a 2x4=8 Applying BTL3
the meaning of the term (i) Frequency Masking (ii) Temporal Masking
7 In relation to the schematic diagram of MPEG perceptual decoder,
b explain the operation /meaning of the following. (i) PCM encoder& 4x2=8 Remembering BTL1
decoder (ii) Synthesis filter bank (iii) Quantizer (iv) Frequency sub band
With the aid of the schematic diagrams, explain the operation of the
following two types of perceptual coder (i)backward adaptive bit
8 - 16 Analysing BTL4
allocation (Dolby AC-2) (ii) hybrid backward /Forward adaptive bit
allocations (Dolby AC-3)
In relation to the encoding procedure of I, P, B- frames, explain the
meaning and use of the following terms. (i) I – Frame (ii) Macro block
9 - 8x2=16 Understanding BTL2
(iii) Target frame (iv) Preceding reference frame (v)Succeeding reference
frame (vi) Motion vector (vii) Prediction error (viii) GOP
Describe the following relating to the H.263 video compression standard
assuming the QCIF
10 - 4x4=16 Creating BTL6
(i) The no. of pixels per frame (ii) The no. of GOBs per frame
(iii) The encoding of a PB frame (iv) Unrestricted motion vectors
Show how the compression algorithm used with MPEG-1 differs from
a 08 Applying BTL3
11 that used in the H-261 standard.
b Explain the principle and operation of MPEG-4. 08 Applying BTL3
With the aid of a frame sequence diagram ,Explain the meaning of the
a 08 Remembering BTL1
12 term PB frame and why such frames are sometimes used?
b Explain the principle and operation of MPEG-2. 08 Remembering BTL1
Explain the application of D-frames and the compression techniques that
13 - 16 Understanding BTL2
is used with them
Explain why I-frame are inserted into the compressed output stream
14 - 16 Analysing BTL4
relatively frequently. Hence explain the term “Group of pictures”(GOP)

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and “Prediction span”.

UNIT -III [PART-A]

Q.No Question Competence Level

1 Distinguish lossless and lossy compression technique? Understanding BTL2
2 Mention the techniques in entropy encoding. Remembering BTL1
3 List out the methods in source encoding. Remembering BTL1
4 Define entropy? How entropy is related for the performance measure? Remembering BTL1
5 Define DCT. Remembering BTL1
6 In what way adaptive Huffman code differ Huffman code? Analysing BTL4
7 Distinguish between static and dynamic Huffman coding? Analysing BTL4
8 Which algorithm is called as dictionary based algorithm? Justify. Evaluating BTL5
9 Mention the models used in lossless compression schemes. Understanding BTL2
10 Write any three techniques for lossy compression? Remembering BTL1
11 When prefix code called as optimum prefix codes? Understanding BTL2
12 State the application of arithmetic coding Understanding BTL2
13 Give some application of LZW? Applying BTL3
14 What do you meant by progressive transmission? Understanding BTL2
15 How JPEG is differ from JPEG 2000. Creating BTL6
16 What do you meant by TIFF? Remembering BTL1
17 Give the expression for DCT of each 8X8 block values. Evaluating BTL5
18 What is the need of EOL in Facsimile machine? Analysing BTL4
19 Give the expression for coding efficiency. Applying BTL3
20 How to develop MMR coding? Creating BTL6

UNIT -III [PART-B]

Q.No Question Mark Competence Level

Explain the meaning of the following terms relating to text compression
1 - 2x8=16 Understanding BTL2
algorithm.(i) Static coding (ii) Dynamic / adaptive coding
Explain the meaning of the following terms relating to statistical encoding
2 - (i) Prefix property (ii) Run Length coding (iii) Shanno's formula (iv) 4x4=16 Understanding BTL2
Coding efficiency
Messages comprising Seven different characters, A through G are to be
transmitted over a data link, analysis has shown that the relative frequency
of occurrence of each character is
3 - A 0.10, B 0.25, C 0.05, D 0.32, E 0.01, F 0.07, G=0.2 16 Applying BTL3
a. Derive the entropy the messages(04) b. Use static Huffman coding to
derive a suitable set of code words(06) c. Derive the average number of
bits per code word for four code word set to transmit a message (04) d.

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compare this with the fixed length binary code words.(02)
A discrete memory less source has 5 symbols x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 with
4 - probabilities 0.4, 0.19, 0.16, 0.15, 0.1 respectively attached to every symbol. 16 Creating BTL6
Construct a Shannon Fano code for the source and calculate code efficiency.
A discrete memory less source has an alphabet of seven symbols whose
probabilities of occurrence are as described below Symbol: S0, S1 S2 S3 S4
5 - S5 S6 and probabilities are 0.25 ,0.25, 0.0625, 0.0625 ,0.125, 0.125 ,0.125 16 Evaluating BTL5
Compute the Huffman code for this source moving combined symbols as
high as possible
The following character string is to be transmitted using Huffman coding
a A B A C A D A B A C A D A B A C A B A B . Derive the Huffman code 10 Applying BTL3
6 tree.
Determine the saving in transmission bandwidth over normal ASCII and
b 06 Applying BTL3
binary coding.
Explain the meaning of the following terms relating to
7 - compression.(i).Source encoders & destination decoders (ii) Loss less & 4x4=16 Remembering BTL1
lossy compression (iii) Entropy encoding (iv) Source encoding
Use a range of DCT coefficients and a selected quantization threshold to
a derive how the maximum quantization error is determined by the choice of 08 Evaluating BTL5
8 threshold value.
Explain why differential encoding is used for the compression of the DC
b 08 Remembering BTL1
coefficient in successive blocks.
with the aid of a diagram, identify the 5 main stage associated with the base
9 - Line mode of operation of JPEG and give a brief description of the role of 16 Analysing BTL4
each stage.
Explain the basic mode of operation of GIF. Include in your explanation the
10 - size of the color table used, how each pixel value is sent, and how the 16 Analysing BTL4
receiver knows the image parameters used by this source.
Explain how the LZW dictionary encoding is done. Illustrate with an
a 08 Remembering BTL1
11 example.
b How this is different from the LZ algorithm? 08 Analysing BTL4
With the aid of diagram explain in a qualities way the meaning of the
following terms relating to transform encoding.
12 - 4x4=16 Remembering BTL1
(i) Spatial frequency (ii) Horizontal & vertical components (iii) DCT (iv)
Entropy
a Describe the principle of TIFF and its application domain. 10 Understanding BTL2
13
b Demonstrate the basic mode of operation of GIF. 06 Applying BTL3
Explain the meaning of the following terms relating to facsimile machines:
14 - (i)Termination codes (ii) make-up codes (iii) Over scanning (iv) EOL code 4x4=16 Remembering BTL1
and its uses

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UNIT -IV [PART-A]

Q.No Question Competence Level

1 Describe the basic of IP. Remembering BTL1
2 What is the need of commercial network to be called as Good Speech Quality? Understanding BTL2
3 Describe Real Time Transport Protocol. Remembering BTL1
4 Define RTPCP. Remembering BTL1
5 Which is the first successful set of protocols for VOIP? How it is called in
Understanding BTL2
another way?
6 Draw IP protocol stack for voice transport. Applying BTL3
7 Draw H323 network architecture. Applying BTL3
8 Which protocol called as RAS? Justify the reasons. Analysing BTL4
9 What is the role of ARQ in H323? Remembering BTL1
10 Classify and describe the SIP basic classes. Applying BTL3
11 What is MIME? Remembering BTL1
12 Explain soft switch architecture. Evaluating BTL5
13 Formulate MAGACO protocol context and termination. Creating BTL6
14 List out the commands used in MAGACO. Remembering BTL1
15 Point out media descriptor in MAGACO. Understanding BTL2
16 Draw SIGTRAN protocol suite. Applying BTL3
17 How QOS measured in VOIP. Analysing BTL4
18 What is the main function of MPLS? Understanding BTL2
19 Summarize all CODEC methods. Understanding BTL2
20 Find any new application of VOIP. Creating BTL6

UNIT -IV [PART-B]

Q.No Question Mark Competence Level
1 - Discuss how SIP is used in the transmission multimedia. 16 Understanding BTL2
2 - Can you say UDP and RTP is the same as TCP? Justify. 16 Evaluating BTL5
Find the format of as RTCP sender report pay particular attention to the
3 - 16 Understanding BTL2
packet length and the parts repeated for each source. Describe each field.
Find the meaning of the source descriptor items used in RTCP source
4 - description packet. Specifically find the meaning of CNAME, NAME, 16 Applying BTL3
EMAIL, PHONE, LOC, TOOL, NOTE & PRIV.
a Why VOIP? 06 Analysing BTL4
5
b Explain the basic of IP transport. 10 Analysing BTL4
a Summarise the challenges of VOIP. 06 Evaluating BTL
6
b Describe the overview of H323 protocols. 10 Understanding BTL2
a Explain the architecture of H323 network. 10 Analysing BTL4
7
b How the call establishment will be carried out in H323? 06 Analysing BTL4
8 a Analyse the fast connect procedure of H323. 06 Analysing BTL4

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b Define SIP. Explain the architecture of SIP. 10 Remembering BTL1
a Formulate the steps in Session Description protocol(SDP). 08 Creating BTL6
9 What is MEGACO protocol? Explain the techniques involved in
b 08 Applying BTL3
MEGACO protocol
Explain the following in MEGACO protocol. (i) MEGACO transaction
10 - (ii) MEGACO commands (iii) MEGACO descriptions (iv) MEGACO 4x4=16 Remembering BTL1
call establishment.
11 - Explain communication mechanism of SS7 with example. 16 Remembering BTL1
a Describe Sigtran. 08 Understanding BTL2
12
b How Signtran related with IP & SS7? Explain. 08 Analysing BTL4
13 Short notes: (i) SCTP (ii) MPLS 2x8=16 Remembering BTL1
a Explain any one of the application of VOIP. 08 Creating BTL6
14
b Describe the Various CODEC methods. 08 Remembering BTL1

UNIT -V [PART-A]

Q.No Question Competence Level

1 What is meant by interactivity for streaming stored audio/Video? Understanding BTL2
2 What is meant by interactivity for real time interactive audio/video? Understanding BTL2
3 List out scheme for streaming stored media & list advantages of each scheme Remembering BTL1
4 What are the causes of packet jitter? Analysing BTL4
5 What is the difference between end to end delay & packet jitter? Analysing BTL4
6 What is the role of the DNS in CDN? Understanding BTL2
7 What is the role of SIP register? Understanding BTL2
8 How is the role an SIP register different from that of a home agent in mobile
Creating BTL6
IP?
9 How are different RTP stream in different session identified by a receiver? Applying BTL3
10 How are RTP & RTC packets distinguished? Analysing BTL4
11 What are some of the difficulties associated with the intserv model and per-
Analysing BTL4
flow reservation of resources?
12 List out link scheduling discipline methods. Remembering BTL1
13 Draw the header fields in RTP. Applying BTL3
14 Define network dimensioning? Remembering BTL1
15 Define bandwidth provisioning? Remembering BTL1
16 List out the limitation of best effort service? Remembering BTL1
17 Describe 3 approaches to supporting Multimedia applications. Understanding BTL2
18 Define streaming. Remembering BTL1
19 What are the major function performing media players? Understanding BTL2
20 Briefly explain the removing jitter at the receiver for audio? Evaluating BTL5

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UNIT -V [PART-B]
Q.No Question Mark Competence Level
Explain interactivity for streaming stored audio/video and for real time
a 08 Remembering BTL1
interactive Audio and Video?
1
Short note on (i) Real time streaming protocol (ii) Decompression
b 4x2=8 Remembering BTL1
(iii) jitter removal (iv) Quantization
Explain the limitation of best effort services in making multimedia
2 - 16 Understanding BTL2
networking
Is it possible for CDN to provide worse performance to a host requesting
3 - a Multimedia object than if the host has requested the objects from the 16 Evaluating BTL5
distant origin server? Explain?
a How is the inter arrival time jitter planned in the RICP reception report? 08 Creating BTL6
4
b Explain one of the protocol for real time interactive applications. 08 Analysing BTL4
Explain the various scheduling and poling mechanism used in
5 - 16 Applying BTL3
Multimedia Networking.
List RTCP packet types and briefly explain the information contained in
6 - 16 Remembering BTL1
each of these packet types.
7 - Explain intserv model and per-flow reservation of resources? 16 Remembering BTL1
Consider an RTP session consist of 4 users, all of which are sending and
receiving RTP packets in to the same Multicast address, each user sends
video at 100 kbps?
8 - 4+6+6 Applying BTL3
(i) RTCP will limit its traffic to what rate?
(ii) A particular receiver will be allocated how much RTCP bandwidth?
(iii) A particular sender will be allocated how much RTCP bandwidth?
9 - Short note on : (i) Leaky bucket (ii) WFQ (i) SIP (iv)H 323 4x4=16 Understanding BTL2
a How jitter can be removed from audio at the receiver end? Explain. 08 Creating BTL6
10
b How audio quality can be Maintain or relay from packet loss? Explain. 08 Remembering BTL1
How is the inter arrival time jitter calculated in the RTCP reception
a 10 Remembering BTL1
11 report?
b Explain the motivation in packet jitters? 06 Analysing BTL4
How is RTSP similar to HTTP? Does RTSP have methods can HTTP be
12 - 16 Understanding BTL2
used to request a stream? Explain.
What would be pre-emptive priority queuing? Does pre-emptive priority
13 - 16 Analysing BTL4
queuing make sense for computer networks? Justify.
How is RTSP different from HTTP? For example is HTTP in band or
14 - out-of-band? Does RTSP maintain state information about the client 16 Analysing BTL4
(Consider the pause/resume function)? Explain..

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VERIFIED BY

1. [ ]

2. [ ]

3. [ ]

Course In-Charge HOD/IT

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