Bitwise AND operator &
• The output of bitwise AND is 1 if the
corresponding bits of two operands is 1. If either
bit of an operand is 0, the result of corresponding
bit is evaluated to 0.
• Let us suppose the bitwise AND operation of two
integers 12 and 25.
12 = 00001100
25 = 00011001
12 and 25 00001100 & 00011001 ________
00001000 = 8 (In decimal)
Bitwise OR operator |
• The output of bitwise OR is 1 if at least one
corresponding bit of two operands is 1. In C
Programming, bitwise OR operator is denoted by |.
12 = 00001100 (In Binary)
25 = 00011001 (In Binary)
• Bitwise OR Operation of 12 and 25
• 00001100
• | 00011001
• ________
• 00011101 = 29 (In decimal)
Bitwise XOR (exclusive OR)
operator ^
• The result of bitwise XOR operator is 1 if the
corresponding bits of two operands are opposite.
It is denoted by ^.
12 = 00001100 (In Binary)
25 = 00011001 (In Binary)
• Bitwise XOR Operation of 12 and 25
• 00001100
• ^ 00011001
• ________
• 00010101 = 21 (In decimal)
Bitwise complement operator ~
• Bitwise compliment operator is an unary
operator (works on only one operand). It
changes 1 to 0 and 0 to 1. It is denoted by ~.
35 = 00100011 (In Binary)
• Bitwise complement Operation of 35
• ~ 00100011
________
• 11011100 = 220 (In decimal)
Contd…
• The bitwise complement of 35 is 220 (in
decimal). The 2's complement of 220 is -36.
Hence, the output is -36 instead of 220.
• Note: Bitwise complement of any number N
is -(N+1).
• Here's how:
– bitwise complement of N = ~N (represented in
2's complement form) 2'complement of ~N= -
(~(~N)+1) = -(N+1)
Shift Operators in C
programming
• There are two shift operators in C
programming:
– Right shift operator
– Left shift operator.
Right Shift Operator
• Right shift operator shifts all bits towards
right by certain number of specified bits. It
is denoted by >>.
– 212 = 11010100 (In binary)
– 212>>2 = 00110101 (In binary) [Right shift by
two bits]
– 212>>7 = 00000001 (In binary)
– 212>>8 = 00000000
– 212>>0 = 11010100 (No Shift)
Left Shift Operator
• Left shift operator shifts all bits towards
left by certain number of specified bits. It is
denoted by <<.
– 212 = 11010100 (In binary)
– 212<<1 = 110101000 (In binary) [Left shift by
one bit]
– 212<<0 =11010100 (Shift by 0)
– 212<<4 = 110101000000 (In binary) =3392(In
decimal)
