DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.

Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

1. A Carnot engine takes energy from a reservoir at 1200°k and reject energy at 300°k. What is
its thermodynamics efficiency?

2. What is the rate of evaporation of a water tube boiler if the factor of evaporation is 1.10;
percent rating of 200% and the heating surface area is 250m²? (Ans in kg/hr)

3. What is the developed boiler hp if the steam rate is 0.85kg/s and the factor of evaporation is
1.25

kJ
4. The entrance and exit enthalpies of steam turbine are 4000x3000 respectively. What is the
kg
mass of steam entering the turbine if the Generator power is 3MW and its Efficiency is 90%

5. A steam engine has an indicated eff of 65%. The enthalpies of the engine at entrance and exit
kJ kJ
are 3000 and 2500 respectively. If the mechanical eff is 85% and the steam
kg kg
consumption is 1000kg/hr, what is brake power of the engine?

6. The heating surface area of a fine tube boiler is 500m². What is the equivalent rated boiler hp?

8 kg
7. A 6MW steam generator plant has a full load steam rate of . Assuming that no load
kw−hr
steam consumption as 15% of full load steam consumption, compute for the newly steam
consumption at 75% load in kg/hr?

8. A boiler feed pump receives water at 200°C

(hf =850 kJkg ) from a surface condenser at the

100l
rate of . If it operates against a total head of 800m, determine the enthalpy leaving the
s
pump in kJ/kg

kJ
9. A household window air conditioner has energy efficiency rating of 7.5 . What is coef of
w−hr
performance for the unit?

10. A Carnot refrigerating system receives heat from a cold reservoir at 0°C. The power input is
w
1750 of refrigeration. What is the system COP?
ton
11. A Carnot cycle refrigerator operates between -11°C and 22°C. What is COP?

12. A refrigeration cycle has a coef of performance 80% of the value of a Carnot refrigerator
operating bet the temp limits of 50°C and -5°C. For 3kW of cooling, what power input is
required in kW?
13. How many tons of refrigeration are required to produce 10MT of ice per day at -10°C from raw
water at 22°C. If miscellaneous losses are 15% of the chilling and freezing load?
 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

14. A 373kW (500hp) internal combustion engine has a brake mean effective of 561.5kPa at full
load. What is the friction power if mechanical eff is 85%

15. If the brake mean effective pressure of a diesel engine is 500kPa and the mechanical efficiency
is 85%. What is the indicated mean effective pressure?

16. A type of turbine where a jet of H2O is made to full on the blades or buckets and done to the
impulse of H2O the turbine start to move.

17. A pelton wheel is to be designed to run at 300rpm under an effective head of 150m. The ratio
1
of the nozzle Ø to the diameter of pitch circle is . Assuming efficiency of 84%, What is the
12
size of the wheel in m. Assume a speed ratio of 0.45

18. Find the power which a 25MW natural gas engine can developed at an altitude of 1981.2m
taking into consideration that the pressure charge alone.

19. A four stroke diesel engine of 4in bore x 4.5in spoke develops 45hp at full load and 8hp when
running at idling load. Engine speed is 2200rpm, what is the mechanical eff?

20. A 305mm x 457mm four stroke single acting diesel engine is rated at 150kW at 260rpm. Fuel
0.26 kg kJ
consumption at rated load is with a heating value of 43912 . Calculate he brake
kw−hr kg
thermal efficiency.

21. A 500kW diesel engine develops torque of 2kN.m. The engine drives an a-c generator with 8
poles producing current at 60hz. What is the speed ratio of speed reduction gear

Btn
22. A diesel engine is operating on a 4-stroke cycle has a heat ratio of 8000 . The
hp−hr
compression ratio is 13, cut off ratio is 2 and k=1.32. Find the brake engine eff.

23. The mechanical eff of a single cylinder 4-stroke engine is 80%. The friction power is estimated
to be 25kW. Calculate the brake power developed by the engine in kW.

24. By what factor does the pump head changes if the speed of a centrifugal pump doubles?

25. The size of a steam reciprocating pumps is generally designated by a three-digit number size
as 646. The first digit designates

26. In a gas turbine unit, air enters the combustion chamber at 550kPa, 227°C and 43m/s. The
products of combustion leave the combustion at 511kPa, 1004°C and 140m/s. Liquid fuels
kJ
enters with heating value of 43,000 . For fuel-air ratio of 0.0229, what is the combustion
kg
efficiency?

27. A 6-cylinder, 2-stroke diesel engine operates at a piston speed of 1200rpm. The 5”x5.6”
engine has an 18:1 compression ratio. If the air intake is at 14.8psia and 82°F, determine the
clearance
 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

28. The compression ratio of an OTTO cycle is 9. If the initial pressure is 150kPa determine the
final pressure

20 kg
29. If the air required for combustion is and the boiler uses 3000kg coal per hour.
kg coal
Determine the mass of flue gas entering the chimney. Assume an ash loses of 15%

30. What is the working stress of a schedule 120 pipe with the following data:
OD - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 219.03mm
Wall thickness - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18.24mm
Working pressure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17.6 kg/cm² gauge
Allowance for corrosion - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.65mm

31. What is the height of the chimney if the driving pressure is 30Pa and the gas and air densities
are 1kg/m³ and 1.5kg/m³ respectively?

32. What is the expected head loss per mile of a closed circular pipe with 17in inside Ø, friction
factor 0.03 when 330gpm of water flow under pressure? (ans. In ft)

A mixture of dry air and water vapour is at a temperature of 21°C (Psaf = 2.487kPa)
under a pressure of 101.3kPa. The dew point temperature is 15°C (Psat = 1.7051kPa)

33. Find the relative humidity

34. Find the Humidity Ratio

35. Find specific enthalpy (kJ/kg)

36. Find Degree of Saturation

37. Find Specific volume of dry air

38. Two masses, one of 10kg and the other unknown are placed on a scale in a region where
m
g=9.67 . The combined weight of these two masses is 174.06N.
s2
39. How many joules of work is equivalent of 1500 of heat?

40. A gas tank register 1000kPa. After some gas has been used the gauge register 500kPa. What
percent of gas remain on the tank?

41. Atmospheric pressure at sea level is not _____________

42. If is right to use a stream of H2O on a Class ________ fire.

43. A fire in oil, grease, etc., is considered a Class ______ fire

44. A fire in wood, paper, rags, etc. is considered a Class ____ fire
 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

45. In hydraulic press the large piston has a cross sectional are A1=200cm² and small piston has a
cross section area 5cm². If the force applied is 250N to the small piston, compute the force
acting on the large piston in (KN)

8 cm kJ
46. Steam enters a nozzle with a velocity of and an enthalpy of 3550 . The enthalpy of the
s kg
steam at the exit of nozzle is 3140 kJ/kg. What is the exit velocity in m/s?

47. At constant temperature of 20°C, the barometric pressure between two elevations are 76cm
and 71cm Hg. What is the difference in elevation between the two points?

48. A mixture is formed at 689.48kPa, 37.8°C by bringing together these gases each volume
before mixing measured at 689.48kPa, 37.8°C: 3mol CO2, 2mol N2, and 4.5mol O2. Find the
partial pressure of CO2 after mixing.
1.4 kg
49. What is the power of a steam jjet 15mm Ø moving at 750m/s? Steam condition, dry and
cm2
saturated (V=1.25m³kg).Ans. in kW

kJ
50. A engine operates on the air standard OTTO cycle. The cycle work is 1000 . What is the
kg
compression ratio of the engine of the maximum cycle temperature 3173°k and the
temperature at the end of isentropic compression is 773°k?
 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

51. A typical industrial fuel oil. C16H32 with 20% excess air by weight. Calculate the actual air-fuel
ratio by weight.

52. There are 20kg of flue gas formed per kg of fuel oil burned in the combustion of C 12H26. What is
the excess air in %

53. A single acting, four cylinder 4-stroke cycle diesel engine with a 21.59 x 27.94cm, operating at
279 rpm consumes 8.178kg/hr of fuel whose heating value is 43,961.4 kJ/kg. The indicated
mean effective pressure is 475.7kPa. The load in the brake arm which is 93.98cm is 113.4kg.
What is the brake mean effective pressure in kPa?

54. A dynamometer test was done for one hour at steady load on a 6cylinder diesel engine. It was
kJ
found to use 42kg of fuel have HV =42000 . Cylinder is 22.8cm x 27cm, 4-cycle type.
kg
Speed, 550rpm and dynamometer torque at 27000kg.cm. Determine the brake thermal
efficiency.

55. The compressor inlet air temperature in a gas turbine is 99°C. Calculate the compressor air
kJ
exit temperature if it requires 400 of work.
kg
56. The net power output of an air standard Brayton cycle is 200kw. Air enters the compressor a
32°C and leaves the high temperature heat exchanger at 800°C. What is the mass flow rate of
air if it leaves the turbine at 350°C?

57. The Tail H2O and the head water elevation of a hydroelectric plant are 150m and 200m
respectively, what is the water power if the flow is 15m³/s and a head loss of 10% of the gross
head?

58. In an air standard Brayton Cycle, the compressor receives air 101.325kPA, 21°C and it leaves
at 600kPa at the rate of 4kg/s. Determine the turbine work if the temperature of the air
entering the turbine is 100°C?

59. A 50kW reverse Carnot (Refrigeration) Cycle has a condenser temperature of 20°C and an
evaporator temperature of 5°C. Determine the compressor power required.
 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

15 kJ
60. A heat pump can give off of heat into a space. It requires 3kW compressor work As a
s
refrigeration system, what is the coef of performance?

61. A refrigeration system operates on a Reversed Carnot Cycle. The minimum and maximum
temperatures are -25°C respectively. If the heat rejected at the condenser is 6000kJ/min. Find
the tons of refrigeration cycled.

62. A 90TOR refrigeration system has a compressor input of 0.94kw/ton of refrigeration and COP of
5. What is the efficiency of the compressor?

63. The refrigeration effect of 100TOR is 120kJ/kg. Determine the mass flow rate of the
kg
refrigeration in
s
64. A solid brick wall separates two rooms. The surface temperature one side of the wall is 50°C,
w
the surface temperature on the opposite side is 15°C, k for brick is 1.32 and the wall is
m0 c
20cm thick. Calculate the heat transfer for a wall surface area of 10m².

65. A supply water is available at a head of 684m. It is proposed to build a turbine to operate at
6rev/s and develops 14.92 MW. Compute the specific speed.

66. The heating surface of a fire tube boiler is 400m². What is the equivalent rated boiler hp?

67. Calculate the use factor of a power plant if the capacity factor is 35% and if operates 8000hrs
during the year?

68. An 18000 kw geothermal plant was a generator eff and turbine eff of 90% and 80%
respectively. IF the quality after throttling is 20% and each well discharges 400,000kg/hr,
determine the no. of wells are required to produce if the charge of enthalpy at entrance and
exit of turbine is 500kj/kg

Btm
69. Second Law limitation on the maximum hp output from any power unit burning 1000000
hr
of fuel with high and low temperature extremes of 1540°F and 40°F is:

70. A 2000kw diesel engine uses 1bbl oil per 525kw-hr produced. Oil is 25°API. Efficiency of
Generator is 93%, Mechanical eff is 80%. What is the thermal eff of the engine based on
indicated power?

71. A fuel oil has the following contents: 85.5% carbon, 11.9% hydrogen, 1.6% oxygen, and 1%
impurities. Calculate the % CO2 in the gas for complete combustion.

Tmax
72. A reversed Carnot cycle has a refrigeration COP of 4. What is the ratio ? If the work is
Tmin
6kW.
 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

73. What is the hp required per TOR of a refrigerating system operating between the standard
temperature limits of -15°C and 30°C?

74. The heat rejected from a condenser is 300kw. The water require to cool the refrigerant is 5l/s.
Determine the temperature of H2O leaving the condenser of water enters 25°C (ans in °C)

75. A pump adds 550 of pressure head to 100l/s of H 2O. Compute the water hp?

76. A fuel pump is delivering 10gpm oil with r.d=0.3. The toatal head is 9.14m. Find how much
energy does the pump consumes in kJ/hr.

77. It is desired to deliver 5m³/s at a head of 640m in a single stage pump having a specific speed
not exceed 40 rpm. If the speed is not to exceed 1352rpm. How many stages are required?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 2

78. A double section centrifugal pump delivers 3m³/s of H2O at a level of 15m and running at
1200rpm. Calculate the speed of the pump.

79. Air s flowing in a duct with a velocity of 7.62 m/s and a static pressure of 2.16cm W.g. the duct
diameter is 1.2m. The barometric pressure is 99.4kpa and the gage fkuid temperature and air
temperature are 30°C . What is the total pressure of air against which the fan will operate in
cm of H2O?

80. A coal has the ff composition

C=71.5% H=5% O=7.0 N=1.3% S=3%
Ash=7.6% moisture=3.4%
Determine the theoretical weight of N2 in kj/kg coal

81. A heat exchanger was installed purposely to cool 0.5 kg/s of gas. Molecular we weight is 32 &
k=1.32. the gas is cooled from 150°C to 80°C. water is available at rate of 0.3kg/s and a
temperature of 15°C. Calculate the exit temp of the H2O in °C

82. An engine generator rated at 9000kVA, 80% power factor 3Ø, 4160V has an effiencieny of
90%. If the used plant thermal efficiency of 28%, what is the Heat generated by fuel in kw?

83. The indicated thermal eff of two stroke diesel engine is 60%, If friction power is 15% of heat
generated, determine the brake thermal eff of the engine.

84. The specific speed of turbine is 85rpm and running at 450rpm. IF the head is 20m and
generator eff is 90%, what is the maximum power produced by the generator?

85. A pelton wheel has a 25m head, friction loss of 4.5m. the coef of friction head loss (morse) is
0.00093 and penstock length of 80m. what is the penstock Ø?

86. In a 900kw hydroelectric plant, the overall eff is 88% and the actual power received by the
costumer is 110000kw-hr for day. What is the secondary power that this plant could deliver
during the entire day?

87. A pelton wheel turbine was installed 30m below the head gate of the penstock. The head loss
due to friction is 12% of the gpm elevation. The length of the penstock is 100m & the coef
friction is 0.00093, Determine the power in kw (use morse equation)
 DR. YANGA’S COLLEGES, INC.
Wakas, Bocaue, Bulacan
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION “Power and Industrial”

Number of items: 100
Name of content
Dr. Nicanor C. Dela Rama, PME
provider

88. The gas density of chimney is 0.75kg/m³ and air density of 1.15 kg/m³. Find the driving
pressure if the height of the chimney is 63.71m

89. The actual velocity of gas entering in a chimney is 8m/s. The gas temperature is 25°C with a
gas constant of 0.287kj/kg. Determine the gas pressure for a mass of gas is 50000kg/hr and
chimney diameter is 1.39m.

90. A foundation measures 12’x14’x16’. Find the no. of sacks of cement needed for a mixture of
1:2:4.

91. Brine enters a circulating brine cooler at the rate of 60m³/hr at -8°C and leaves at -18°C. Sp
kJ
heat of brine is 1.072 and a specific gravity of 1.12, determine the tons of refrigeration.
kg 0 k
92. Water is flowing in a pipe with a radius of 30cm at a velocity of 5m/s at the temperature as
follows: P=997.9kg/m³ ; Viscosity=1.131 Pa-S.
What is the Reynold’s No.

93. The initial condition of air compressor is 98kpa and 27°C and discharges air at 450. The bore
and stroke 355mmx381mm, respectively with percent clearance of 8%. Running at 300rpm.
Find the vol of air at section

94. A two stage compressor at 100kpa and 22°C discharge to 750kpa. If the intercooler intake is
105°C, determine the value of n.

95. Determine the no. of stages needed for a centrifugal pump if it is used to deliver 400gpm and
pump power is 15hp. Each impeller develops a head of 30ft.

96. A water cooler uses 50lb/hr of melting ice to cool running H 2O from 80°F to 42°F. Based on the
110 Btm
inside coil area, U: . Find the gpm of H2O cooled.
hr−ft 2 0 F
97. The total head of fan is 187m and has a static pressure of 210mm w.g. what is the velocity of
air flowing if the density of air is 1.15kg/m³

98. What force is exerted by a jet of H2O, 60mmØ, if it strikes the wall at a rate of 15m/s?

99. A 300mmØ pipe discharge water at a rate of 200l/s. Point 1m the pipe has a pressure of
260kpa and 3.4m below pt. 1 is point 2 with a pressure of 300kpa. Compute the head loss
between points 1& w.

100. A 12DC electrical motor draws current of 15Amp. How work in kJ drives this motor
produce over a 10min period of operation