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FEM Solved Example

The document considers a plate with a variable cross-section and hole subjected to an axial load. Using finite element analysis, the plate is divided into elements and nodes. The global stiffness matrix is calculated from the element stiffness matrices. The area changes along the length according to a given function. Stiffness coefficients are calculated for each element based on their length and average area. The resulting system of equations is solved to determine the deflections at various points along the plate.

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Mian Asim
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125 views

FEM Solved Example

The document considers a plate with a variable cross-section and hole subjected to an axial load. Using finite element analysis, the plate is divided into elements and nodes. The global stiffness matrix is calculated from the element stiffness matrices. The area changes along the length according to a given function. Stiffness coefficients are calculated for each element based on their length and average area. The resulting system of equations is solved to determine the deflections at various points along the plate.

Uploaded by

Mian Asim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Question: Consider a plate with a variable cross-section and a hole is subjected to an axial

load of 1300 lb, as shown in figure 1. Using finite element method, determine the deflection of
the bar at locations y=2 in, y=7 in and y=10 in. The plate is ‘0.25 in’ thick and has a modulus of
elasticity, E=16x103 ksi. Area is changing vertically downwards according to the function,
A(y)=0.35- 0.014 y.

Answer:
Dividing into following elements and nodes:

Page 1 of 3
Global stiffness matrix
[K](G) = [K](1G) + [K](2G) + [K](3G) + [K](4G)

𝑘1 −𝑘1 0 0 0 0 0 0
−𝑘1 𝑘1 0 0 0 𝑘2 −𝑘2 0
[K](1G) = , [K](2G) = ,
0 0 0 0 0 −𝑘2 𝑘2 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 𝑘3 −𝑘3 0 0 0 0 0
[K](3G) = , [K](4G) =
0 −𝑘3 𝑘3 0 0 0 𝑘4 −𝑘4
0 0 0 0 0 0 −𝑘4 𝑘4

𝑘1 −𝑘1 0 0
−𝑘1 𝑘1 + 𝑘2 + 𝑘3 −𝑘2 − 𝑘3 0
[K](G) =
0 −𝑘2 − 𝑘3 𝑘2 + 𝑘3 + 𝑘4 −𝑘4
0 0 −𝑘4 𝑘4

Area is changing vertically downwards according to the function, A(y) =0.35- 0.014 y

A1 (Area at node 1) = A (0) = 0.35- 0.014(0) = 0.35 in2


A2 (Area at node 2) = A (2) = 0.35- 0.014(2) = 0.322 in2
A3 (Area at node 3) = A (7) = 0.35- 0.014(7) = 0.252 in2
A4 (Area at node 4) = A (10) = 0.35- 0.014(10) = 0.21 in2

𝐴 𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝐸 𝐴 1 +𝐴2 𝐸 (0.35+0.322)(16𝑋10 6 )


𝑘1 = = = = 2.688 x 106 lb/in
𝑙1 2 𝑙1 2(2)

𝐴 𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝐸 𝐴 2 +𝐴 3 𝐸 (0.322+0.252)(16𝑋10 6 )
𝑘2 = = = = 0.9184 x 106 lb/in
𝑙2 2 𝑙2 2(5)

𝑘2 =𝑘3 = 0.9184 x 106 lb/in

𝐴 𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝐸 𝐴 3 +𝐴 4 𝐸 0.252+0.21 (16𝑋10 6 )


𝑘4 = = = = 1.232 x 106lb/in
𝑙4 2 𝑙4 2(3)

Now,

Page 2 of 3
(Global stiffness matrix) (Displacement matrix) = (Load matrix)

[K](G){u}= {P}

𝑘1 −𝑘1 0 0 𝑢1 0
−𝑘1 𝑘1 + 𝑘2 + 𝑘3 −𝑘2 − 𝑘3 0 𝑢2 0
0 −𝑘2 − 𝑘3 𝑘2 + 𝑘3 + 𝑘4 −𝑘4 𝑢3 = 0
0 0 −𝑘4 𝑘4 𝑢4 𝑃

Applying boundary condition ‘𝑢1 = 0’ and load P= 1300 lb.

1 0 0 0 𝑢1 0
−2.688 4.838 −3.606 0 𝑢2 0
106 𝑢3 =
0 −3.606 3.069 −1.232 0
0 0 −1.232 1.232 𝑢4 1300

Solving the simultaneous equations, yields

𝑢2 = 0.0011 in (deflection at y=2 in)


𝑢3 = 0.0015 in (deflection at y=7 in)
𝑢4 = 0.0005 in (deflection at y=10 in)

Page 3 of 3

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