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Openstack Reference Commands

This document provides a summary of common commands for interacting with key OpenStack services including Identity (keystone), Images (glance), Compute (nova), Networking (neutron), Block Storage (cinder), and Object Storage (swift). It lists commands for retrieving information, creating and managing resources, and examples of usage for each service.

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Omer Abdullah Bin Mahfooz
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89 views

Openstack Reference Commands

This document provides a summary of common commands for interacting with key OpenStack services including Identity (keystone), Images (glance), Compute (nova), Networking (neutron), Block Storage (cinder), and Object Storage (swift). It lists commands for retrieving information, creating and managing resources, and examples of usage for each service.

Uploaded by

Omer Abdullah Bin Mahfooz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here is a list of common commands for reference.

Identity (keystone)¶
List all users

$ openstack user list

List Identity service catalog

$ openstack catalog list

Images (glance)¶
List images you can access

$ glance image-list

Delete specified image

$ glance image-delete IMAGE

Describe a specific image

$ glance image-show IMAGE

Update image

$ glance image-update IMAGE

Upload kernel image

$ glance image-create --name "cirros-threepart-kernel" \


--disk-format aki --container-format aki --is-public False \
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-vmlinuz

Upload RAM image

$ glance image-create --name "cirros-threepart-ramdisk" \


--disk-format ari --container-format ari --is-public False \
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-initrd

Upload three-part image

$ glance image-create --name "cirros-threepart" --disk-format ami \


--container-format ami --is-public False \
--property kernel_id=$KID-property ramdisk_id=$RID \
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-blank.img

Register raw image

$ glance image-create --name "cirros-raw" --disk-format raw \


--container-format bare --is-public False \
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-disk.img

Compute (nova)¶
List instances, check status of instance

$ nova list

List images

$ openstack image list

List flavors
$ openstack flavor list

Boot an instance using flavor and image names (if names are unique)

$ nova boot --image IMAGE --flavor FLAVOR INSTANCE_NAME


$ nova boot --image cirros-0.3.1-x86_64-uec --flavor m1.tiny \
MyFirstInstance

Login to instance

# ip netns
# ip netns exec NETNS_NAME ssh USER@SERVER
# ip netns exec qdhcp-6021a3b4-8587-4f9c-8064-0103885dfba2 \
ssh [email protected]

 
Note
In CirrOS the password for user  cirros  is “cubswin:)” without the quotes.

Show details of instance

$ nova show NAME


$ nova show MyFirstInstance

View console log of instance

$ nova console-log MyFirstInstance

Set metadata on an instance

$ nova meta volumeTwoImage set newmeta='my meta data'

Create an instance snapshot

$ nova image-create volumeTwoImage snapshotOfVolumeImage


$ openstack image show snapshotOfVolumeImage

Pause, suspend, stop, rescue, resize, rebuild,


reboot an instance¶
Pause

$ nova pause NAME


$ nova pause volumeTwoImage

Unpause

$ nova unpause NAME

Suspend

$ nova suspend NAME

Unsuspend

$ nova resume NAME

Stop

$ nova stop NAME

Start

$ nova start NAME

Rescue

$ nova rescue NAME


$ nova rescue NAME --rescue_image_ref RESCUE_IMAGE
Resize

$ nova resize NAME FLAVOR


$ nova resize my-pem-server m1.small
$ nova resize-confirm my-pem-server1

Rebuild

$ nova rebuild NAME IMAGE


$ nova rebuild newtinny cirros-qcow2

Reboot

$ nova reboot NAME


$ nova reboot newtinny

Inject user data and files into an instance

$ nova boot --user-data FILE INSTANCE


$ nova boot --user-data userdata.txt --image cirros-qcow2 \
--flavor m1.tiny MyUserdataInstance2

To validate that the file was injected, use ssh to connect to the instance, and
look in  /var/lib/cloud  for the file.

Inject a keypair into an instance and access the instance with that keypair

Create keypair

$ nova keypair-add test > test.pem


$ chmod 600 test.pem

Start an instance (boot)

$ nova boot --image cirros-0.3.0-x86_64 --flavor m1.small \


--key-name test MyFirstServer
Use ssh to connect to the instance

# ip netns exec qdhcp-98f09f1e-64c4-4301-a897-5067ee6d544f \


ssh -i test.pem [email protected]

Manage security groups

Add rules to default security group allowing ping and SSH between instances in
the default security group

$ nova secgroup-add-group-rule default default icmp -1 -1


$ nova secgroup-add-group-rule default default tcp 22 22

Networking (neutron)¶
Create network

$ neutron net-create NAME

Create a subnet

$ neutron subnet-create NETWORK_NAME CIDR


$ neutron subnet-create my-network 10.0.0.0/29

Block Storage (cinder)¶


Used to manage volumes and volume snapshots that attach to instances.

Create a new volume

$ cinder create SIZE_IN_GB --display-name NAME


$ cinder create 1 --display-name MyFirstVolume

Boot an instance and attach to volume


$ nova boot --image cirros-qcow2 --flavor m1.tiny MyVolumeInstance

List volumes, notice status of volume

$ cinder list

Attach volume to instance after instance is active, and volume is available

$ nova volume-attach INSTANCE_ID VOLUME_ID auto


$ nova volume-attach MyVolumeInstance 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8 auto

 
Note
On the Xen Hypervisor it is possible to provide a specific device name instead of
automatic allocation. For example:

$ nova volume-attach MyVolumeInstance 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8 /dev/vdb

This is not currently possible when using non-Xen hypervisors with OpenStack.

Manage volumes after login into the instance

List storage devices

# fdisk -l

Make filesystem on volume

# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb

Create a mountpoint

# mkdir /myspace

Mount the volume at the mountpoint


# mount /dev/vdb /myspace

Create a file on the volume

# touch /myspace/helloworld.txt
# ls /myspace

Unmount the volume

# umount /myspace

Object Storage (swift)¶


Display information for the account, container, or object

$ swift stat
$ swift stat ACCOUNT
$ swift stat CONTAINER
$ swift stat OBJECT

List containers

$ swift list

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