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Callan Stage 06 Grammar Revision

The document provides instruction on using perfect continuous tenses (present, past, future) and includes exercises for students to practice forming sentences using these tenses. It also covers forming short answers, tail questions, and the differences between certain word pairs (earn/gain, say/tell). Comparatives and superlatives of adjectives are explained and an exercise is provided.

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Jose Oliveira
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926 views4 pages

Callan Stage 06 Grammar Revision

The document provides instruction on using perfect continuous tenses (present, past, future) and includes exercises for students to practice forming sentences using these tenses. It also covers forming short answers, tail questions, and the differences between certain word pairs (earn/gain, say/tell). Comparatives and superlatives of adjectives are explained and an exercise is provided.

Uploaded by

Jose Oliveira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Stage 06 Grammar Revision

Student name: ________________________________________________


Group name: _________________________________________________

Perfect Continuous Tenses


Present Perfect Continuous
Subject _ has / have + been + verb + ing
We use the present perfect continuous to put emphasis on the duration of an action.
I have been studying English for 8 months.
I have been living in São José dos Campos for about 10 years.
They have been speaking for 2 hours.

Exercises: Write sentences with the present perfect continuous:


Example: we / to wait / in the park / 2 hours we have been waiting in the park for 2 hours.
I / to watch / the film / 1 hour _____________________________________________________
They / to live / in that house / 10 years _____________________________________________
Jack / to practice / football / all his life ______________________________________________

Past Perfect Continuous


Subject + had + been + verb + ing
We use the past perfect continuous to put emphasis on the duration of an action in the past before
another action in the past.
I had been studying English for 1 year before going to England.
They had been together for 10 years before getting married.
Anna had been sitting for 30 minutes when the doctor arrived.

Exercise: Write sentences using the past perfect continuous.


Jack / to drink / police stopped him.
___________________________________________________________________________
I / to live / my house / 1 week / internet arrived
___________________________________________________________________________

They / to work / on the computer / 2 hours / it stopped


___________________________________________________________________________

We / to sleep / on the floor / 1 month / bought a bed


___________________________________________________________________________
Future Perfect Continuous
Subject + will + have + been + verb + ing
We use the future perfect continuous to talk about the duration of an action before some point in the
future.
I will have been studying English for 5 months at the end of the year.
They will have been living in that house for 10 years at the end of September.
Jack will have been travelling for 9 weeks when this year ends.

Exercise: write sentences using the future perfect continuous.

I / to study / at academy school / 9 months / end of stage 06.


___________________________________________________________________________

The children / to play / football / 2 hours / 10 o’clock


___________________________________________________________________________

Jack / to teach / English / 1 year / January


___________________________________________________________________________

Anna / to speak / 2 hours / end of the lesson


___________________________________________________________________________

Short Answers
We form short answers by preparing the first auxiliary verb.
Do you like vegetables? Yes, I do.
Can you speak English? Yes, I can
Did you study English yesterday? Yes, I did.

Exercise: give short answers in the positive and negative.


1. Are you from Germany? – Yes, _______ / No, ________
2. Are Peter and Sarah your friends? – Yes, _______ / No, ________
3. Has your sister got a car? – yes, _______ / No, ________
4. Do you speak English? – Yes, ________ / No, ________
5. Can you play football? – Yes, ________ / No, ________
Tail Questions
We generally use a tail question when we think something is true and we want somebody to confirm
that we are right.

We form the tail question by repeating the first auxiliary verb from the main part of the sentence, and
putting it in question form.
This is a pen, isn’t it?
You are the teacher, aren’t you?
He won’t pass the exam, will he?

When there is no auxiliary verb in the main part of the sentence, we use the auxiliary very “do” in the
first question.
He goes to the cinema every week, doesn’t he?
They speak French, don’t they?
He doesn’t eat meat, does he?

Exercise: complete the tail questions.


1. He’s a young man, ___________?
2. You can play football, ___________?
3. You’ve got a lot of money, __________?
4. You come to school by car, _________?
5. She likes him, ___________?

Earn X Gain
Gain is when you obtain something as an increase or addition.
During the holidays I usually gain weight.
I gained a lot of experience from my last job.
You can gain a lot of friends by being polite.

Earn means to receive money for work done.


I earned about R$300,000 last year.
If you work hard you will earn a lot of money.
Soldiers don’t earn a lot of money.

Exercise: circle the right alternative for the sentence.


1. Jack will earn / gain a lot of calories if he eats that pizza.
2. I earned / gained some weight during my holidays.
3. The older you become the more experience you earn / gain.
4. They gained / earned a lot of friends by cooking for them.
5. The car earned / gained a lot of speed going down the hill.
Tell X Say
We use say to speak in general about something that has been said by someone.
John said he had a good weekend.
The teacher said the exercises were important.

We use tell to communicate that someone has instructed or informed someone else of something.
Remember that tell is usually followed by a person.
Our friends told us about their journey.
Tell him to be quiet!

Exercises: fill in the sentences with the correct word.


The teacher said / told the students to study for the test.
Anna said / told she was going to the cinema tomorrow.
Jack told / said me to be careful in the road.
Can you say / tell me where the station is?
My mother said / told she would get home late.

Change of spelling with comparison of adjectives


One syllable adjectives with a consonant-vowel-consonant pattern have their final consonant doubled.
wet – wetter – wettest

Adjectives ending in a consonant plus “y” have the “y” changed to “I” and “er” or “est” added.
happy – happier than – the happiest

Exercise: complete the table with the right comparatives and superlatives of the adjectives:

Adjectives Comparative superlative


Young
Wet
happy
Fast
Busy
Big
smooth
lucky
Thin
Thick

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