SUBJECT: ADHOC AND SENSOR NETWORKS

S.NO CONTENT
(1) - Objectives and Relevance

(2) - Scope

(3) - Prerequisites

(4) - Syllabus

1. JNTU

(5) - Suggested Books

(6) - Websites

(7) - Expert Details

(8) - Journals

(9) - Subject (lesson) Plan

(10) - Question Bank

1. JNTU

(11) - Tutorial Question sets on each unit

(12) - List of topics for student’s seminars

1
(1) OBJECTIVES AND RELEVANCE

The objective of this project is to test and evaluate the performance of MANET for safety
communications and tactical operations. In particular, by providing diversity cooperative
transmission can indeed increase throughput as well as transmission coverage. In this study we will
specifically concentrate on the synchronization aspects of cooperative transmission, which is one of
the major issues in its application to multi-hop transmission in wireless ad-hoc network
environments..

(2) SCOPE

Adhoc & Sensor Wireless Networks seeks to provide an opportunity for researchers from
computer science, engineering and mathematical backgrounds to disseminate and exchange
knowledge in the rapidly emerging field of ad hoc and sensor wireless networks. It will
comprehensively cover physical, data link, network and transport layers, as well as application,
security, simulation and power management issues in sensor, local area, satellite, vehicular, personal,
and mobile ad hoc networks.

(3) PREREQUISITES

This subject recommends continuous practice of various wireless applications. It needs requisite
knowledge about MANET, ROUTING.

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(4.1) SYLLABUS - JNTU

UNIT-1

OBJECTIVE

 Knowledge about the MANET

 To know the MANET application
 To know the limitation of MANETS
 Knowledge about the Topology-based versus positions
 Knowledge about the Topology based routing protocols & other routing protocols

SYLLABUS

Introduction to ad hoc wireless networks: characteristics of MANETs , Application of MANETs,

challenges

Topology-based versus positions- based approaches, topology based routing protocols, positions
based routing, other routing protocols

UNIT-2

OBJECTIVE

 To know the Mobile Network Layers

 Knowledge about the MOBILE IP
 Knowledge about the IP PACKET DELIVERY
 Knowledge about the DHCP

SYLLABUS

Data Transmission In Manets: The broadcast storm multicasting, geocasting

Tcp Over Ad Hoc Networks: TCP protocol overview, TCP and MANETs, solutions for TCP over
Ad Hoc.

UNIT-3

OBJECTIVE

 Knowledge about Basics of wireless sensors.

 To know the application wireless sensors
 Knowledge about the Clustering of Sensors
 Knowledge about WSNs
 To know MAC layer routing layer .

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SYLLABUS

Basics of wireless sensors and applications: The Mica Mote, Sensing and Communication Range,
Design Issues, Energy consumption, Clustering of Sensors, Applications.

Data retrieval in sensor networks: classification of WSNs, MAC layer routing layer , high level
application layer support, adapting to the inherent dynamic nature of WSNs.

UNIT-4

OBJECTIVE

 Knowledge about security in WSNs


 Knowledge about security in MANETs
SYLLABUS

SECURITY: security in ad-hoc wireless networks, key management, secure routing cooperation in
MANETs, instruction detection system.

Sensor network platforms and tools:Sensor network hardware,sensor network programming

challenges, Node-Level software Platforms.

UNIT-5

OBJECTIVE

 Knowledge about the Sensor network Platforms and tools

 Knowledge about the Node-Level software Platforms

SYLLABUS

 Knowledge about TinyOS

 Knowledge about the TinyGALS
 Knowledge about the TOSSIM

SYLLABUS

Operating system-TinyOS
Imperative language: nesC, Dataflow style language: TinyGALS, Node-level Simulators, ns-2 and
its sensor networks extension, TOSSIM.

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(5) SUGGESTED BOOKS

TEXT BOOKS

T1. Ad Hoc and sensor networks, Carlos Corderio Dharma P.Aggarwal, world scientific publication/
Cambridge university press, March 2006

T2. Wireless sensor networks: An information processing approach, Feng Zhao, Leonidas Guibas,
Elsevier Science imprint, Morgan Kauffman publishers, 2005,rp2009

REFERENCE BOOKS

R1. Ad hoc Wireless Networks- Architecture and Protocols, C.Siva Ram Murthy, B.S.Murthy,
Pearson Education

R2. Wireless sensor networks-Principles and Practice, FeiHu, Xiaojun Cao, An Auerbach book CRC
press.

R3 Wireless Ad Hoc Mobile wireless Networks- principle, protocols and applications, Subir Kumar
Sarkar , et al.,Auerbach publications, Taylor & Francis Group,2008

R4. Ad Hoc networking, Charles E.Perkins, Pearson Education,2011.

R5.wireless Ad Hoc Networking , Shih-LinWu, Yu-Chee Tseng, Auerbach publications, Taylor &
Francis group, 2007

R6. Wireless Ad Hoc and sensor networks-Protocols, Performance and Control, Jagnnathan
Sarangapani, CRC press, Taylor & Francis group, 2007

R7.Security Ad Hoc and sensor networks, Raheem Beyah, et al World Scentific Publications/
Cambridge University Press, 2010

R8. Ad hoc Wireless Networks –A communication –theoretic perspective, Ozan K.Tonguz, Gialuigi
Ferrari,Wiley India

R9.Wireless Sensor Networks –Signal Processing and communication perspectives, Ananthram

Swami, Wiley Induia

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(6) WEBSITES

Do not confine yourself to the list of websites mentioned here alone. Be cognizant and keep
yourself abreast of the others too. The given list is not exhaustive.

1. www.cs.princeton.edu

2. http://sureshq.blogspot.in/2016/12/wireless-sensors-networks-wsn-notes-and.html

3. www.cs.ucl.ac.uk

4. www.comp.nus.edu.sg

5. www.iitk.ac.in

6. www.iitd.ernet.in

7. www.iitr.ac.in

8. www.iitg.ernet.in

9. www.bits-pilani.ac.in

10. www.iisc.ernet.in

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(7) EXPERT DETAILS

The Expert Details which have been mentioned below are only a few of the eminent
ones known Internationally, Nationally and Locally. There are a few others known as
well.

INTERNATIONAL

1. Jochen Schiller - Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, USA

2. Stojmenovic and Cacute. Chaudhari - Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

3. Ananda A.L – School of computing, National University, Singapore

NATIONAL

1. C. R. Muthukrishnan - Indian Institute o f Technology, Chennai, India

REGIONAL

1. Rajeev Wankar - University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India

2. Dr.K.V.N.Sunitha, Department of CSE, Narayanamma Engineering College, Hyderabad

(8) JOURNALS

INTERNATIONAL

1. International Journal of mobile computing

2. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication

3. IEEE Comm unications Magazine

4. International Journal of Computer Science & Applications

NATIONAL

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1. Advances in Computer Science and Engineering

S.NO. TOPICS TO BE SUGGESTED TEACHI NO. OF REMAR

COVERED BOOKS NG LECTURES KS
METOD REQUIRED

2. Computer times

3. Advances in Computational Sciences and Technology

8) SUBJECT (LESSON) PLAN

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 UNIT-I
1 Introduction to ad T1, T2, R1 L1
hoc wireless
networks
2 Characteristics of T1, T2, R2 L2, L3
MANETs.

3 Application of T1, T2, R2, R3 L4, L5

MANETs,
challenges

4 Topology-based T1, T2, T3, L6

versus positions R2, R3
5 Based Approaches T1, T2, T3, L7
R2, R3
6 Topology Based T1, T2, T3, L8, L9
Routing Protocols R2, R3
7 Positions Based T1, T2, T3, L10, L11
Routing R2, R3
8 Other Routing T1, T2, T3, L12
Protocols R2,R3
UNIT-II
9 Data Transmission T1, T2, R4,R5 L13
In Manets
10 The broadcast T1, T2, R4,R5 L14
storm multicasting
11 geocasting T1, T2, R4,R5 L15, L16
12 Tcp Over Ad Hoc T1, T2, R4,R5 L17
Networks
13 TCP protocol T1, T2, R4,R5 L18, L19
overview
14 TCP and MANETs T1, T2, R4,R5 L20, L21
Solutions For TCP T1, T2, R4,R5 L22
over Ad Hoc
UNIT-III
15 Basics of wireless T1, T2, T3, L23
sensors and R4,R5
applications
16 The Mica Mote T1, T2, T3, L24,L25
R4,R5
17 Sensing and T1, T2, T3, L26, L27
Communication R4,R5
Range,
18 Design Issues T1, T2, T3, L28
R4,R5

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19 Energy T1, T2, T3, L29
consumption R4,R5
20 Clustering of T1, T2, T3, L30
Sensors, R4,R5
Applications
21 Data retrieval in T1, T3, R4,R5 L31
sensor networks
22 Classification of T1, T3, R4,R5 L32
WSNs
23 MAC layer T1, T3, R4,R5 L33, L34
routing layer
24 High Level T1, T3, R4,R5 L35
Application Layer
Support
25 Adapting To The T1, T3, R4,R5 L36
Inherent Dynamic
Nature Of Wsns
UNIT-IV
26 Security In Ad Hoc T1, T3, R4,R5 L37
Wireless Networks
27 Key Management T1, T3, L38
R4,R5,R6
28 Secure Routing T1, T3, L39, L40
Cooperation In R4,R5,R6
Manets
29 Instruction T1, T3, L41
Detection System R4,R5,R6
30 Sensor network T1, T3, L42
Platforms and tools R4,R5,R6,R7
31 Sensor network T1, T3, L43
hard ware R4,R5,R6,R7
32 Sensor Network T1, T3, L44, L45
Programming R4,R5,R6,R7
Challenges
33 Node-Level software T1, T3, L46
Platforms. R4,R5,R6,R7

UNIT-V
34 Operating system- T1, T3, L47
TinyOS R4,R5,R6
35 Imperative T1, T3, L48, L49
language: R4,R5,R6
nesC,Dataflow
style language
36 TinyGALS T1, T3, L50
R4,R5,R6
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 37 Node-level T1, T3, L51
Simulators R4,R5,R6
38 ns-2 and its sensor T1, T3, L52
networks extension R4,R5,R6
39 TOSSIM T1, T3, L53
R4,R5,R6

SUBJECT COURSE OBJECTIVE & OUTCOME BASED PLAN (SCOOPS)

DEPT:CSE SUBJECT: Adhoc & Sensor Networks

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 Method
Lectur Course
JNTUH Topic Objective of each Topic Practical inferences of
e No. Outcome
Teaching
UNIT – I INTRODUCTION TO AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS

Introduction to ad Introduction to ad hoc

Understand the concept of ad
L1,L2 hoc wireless wireless networks . M1
hoc wireless networks
networks
Characteristics of Explanation about Understand the distinctive
L3,L4 MANETs. Characteristics of CO1 features of MANET M1,M7
MANETs
Application of
Explanation about the
MANETs, Strong background knowledge
L5,L6 basic applications of M1,M7
challenges about MANETs
MANET
Explanation about the
the difference between
Topology-based Understand the classification
Topology-based with
L7 versus positions of Routing over ad hoc M1
Based Approaches position Based networks
Approaches

Explanation about
L8,L9, Topology Based proactive ,reactive and Understand topology based M1 &M4
L10 Routing Protocols hybrid Routing CO1 protocols
approaches
Explanation about ad Understand the routing M1 ,M4
L11,L Positions Based hoc routing protocols protocols that take the
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Routing that use location advantage of location services
information in routing
Explanation about ad M1 ,M4
Understand the protocols in
L13,L Other Routing hoc routing protocols
MANETs that use optimization
14 Protocols that use optimization
criteria
criteria
UNIT- II DATA TRANSMISSION IN MANETS
Method
Lectur Course
JNTUH Topic Objective of each Topic Practical inferences of
e No. Outcome
Teaching
Data Transmission Explaining the basics Understand the different types
L15 In Manets of data transmission in of data transmission in M1
MANETs MANETs
The broadcast Understand in detail about
Explanation about the
storm broadcasting with neighbours
L16,L broadcasting in CO1 in MANETs M1
17 MANETs and its
.
protocols
multicasting Explanation about Understand the problem of
L18,19 M1,M4
delivering a message multicasting in MANETs
12
 to a subset of manets
Explanation of the Understanding multicasting
L20,21 Geocasting and its within the members in a M1,M4
Geocasting protocols specified geographical location
Tcp Over Ad Hoc Explanation about the M1
Understand the Tcp Over Ad
L23 Networks transmission control
Hoc Networks
protocol over Ad Hoc
TCP protocol Explanation about the
Review the transmission M1
L24 overview transmission control
control protocol
protocol
TCP and MANETs Explanation about the
Understand the differences M1
L25 differences between
between TCP and MANETs
TCP and MANETs
Solutions For TCP Explanation of Useful to understand hoe to M1
L26 over Ad Hoc Solutions For TCP solve the problems identified
over Ad Hoc in TCP
UNIT – III BASICS OF WIRELESS SENSORS AND APPLICATIONS
Method
Lectur Course
JNTUH Topic Objective of each Topic Practical inferences of
e No. Outcome
Teaching
Basics of wireless Explanation about To Understand the Basics of
L27 sensors and wireless sensors and wireless sensors and M1
applications applications applications
To Understand the mote M1
Explanation about The module used for low power,
L28 The Mica Mote
Mica Mote wireless sensor networks

Explanation about M1
Sensing and To explore the best possible
Sensing and
L29 Communication use of large no. of SNs in
Communication
Range, WSN
Range in WSNs CO2

Explanation about M1
Design Issues in Understand the challenges in
L30 Design Issues
WSNs designing WSNs
.

Understand the minimization

Explanation about of energy consumption in
Energy Energy consumption WSNs M1
L31
consumption in WSNs

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 Clustering of
Sensors, Explanation for
Understand the Clustering of
Applications Clustering of Sensors, M1
L32 Sensors and applications of
Applications
WSNs

Understand
Data retrieval in Explanation about the
L33 Data retrieval in sensor M1
sensor networks Data retrieval in
sensor networks networks

Explanation about the M1

Classification of Understand
L34 categories of WSN
WSNs Classification of WSNs

Explanation about CO3 M1

MAC layer
L35 MAC layer routing Understand the
routing layer
layer MAC layer routing layer

Explanation about Learn

High Level M1
High Level
L36 Application Layer High Level Application Layer
Application Layer
Support Support
Support.
Adapting To The Overview about Learn techniques of Adapting M1
L37 Inherent Dynamic Dynamic Nature Of To The Inherent Dynamic
Nature Of Wsns Wsns Nature Of Wsns
UNIT –IV SECURITY
Method
Lectur Course
JNTUH Topic Objective of each Topic Practical inferences of
e No. Outcome
Teaching
Overview of the
Security In Ad To understand the security
security issues over ad
L38 Hoc Wireless issues over ad hoc and sensor M1
hoc and sensor
Networks networks
networks
Description of the
dominant key
L39.l4 management To understand the Key
Key Management M1
0 paradigms that have Management algorithms
been developed for ad CO4
hoc networks
Secure Routing Explanation of Secure To understand the Secure M1
L41,L
42
Cooperation In Routing Cooperation Routing Cooperation In
Manets In Manets Manets
Explanation about IDS To understand Intrusion M1
Intrusion
L43 techniques, Detection System for Ad Hoc
Detection System
architecture and and Sensor Networks
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 anomaly detection
Security In Ad Explanation about M1
To understand Security In Ad
L44 Hoc Wireless Security In Ad Hoc
Networks Hoc Wireless Networks
Wireless Networks
Sensor network Explanation about
To understand Sensor network
L45,46 Platforms and Sensor network M1
tools Platforms and tools
Platforms and tools.
Explanation about M1
Sensor network To understand Sensor network
L47 Sensor network hard
hard ware hardware
ware
Explanation about
Sensor Network
Sensor Network
CO4 To learn the risks and
L48 Programming challenges in Sensor Network M1
Programming
Challenges Programming Challenges
Challenges
Node-Level software
Overview of Node-
Platforms. To learn the platforms Node-
L49 Level software M1
Level software Platforms
Platforms
UNIT – V OPERATING SYSTEM&IMPERATIVE LANGUAGE

Method
Lectur Course
JNTUH Topic Objective of each Topic Practical inferences of
e No. Outcome
Teaching
Understand component-based
operating system(tiny os) and
Operating system- Explanation about
L50 platform targeting wireless M1
TinyOS tiny OS
sensor networks (WSNs).

Understand nesC-
Imperative
programming language to M1
language: Explanation about
L51 understand the whole method
nesC,Dataflow nesC
style language of. TinyOS-application

CO5 Understand the Programming M1

L52,L Explanation about
TinyGALS Model for Event-Driven
53 TinyGALS
Embedded Systems
Explanation about
Node-level Understand the Node-level
L54,55 Node-level M1
Simulators Simulators
Simulators
ns-2 and its sensor Explanation about ns-
Understand the sensor network
L56 networks 2 and its sensor M1
simulations
extension networks
Understand how to compile
Explanation about
L57 TOSSIM tiny OS application into the M1
TOSSIM framework
TOSSIM framework

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METHODS OF TEACHING:

M1 : Lecture Method M4 : Presentation /PPT M7 : Assignment

M2 : Demo Method M5 : Lab/Practical M8 : Industry Visit

M3 : Guest Lecture M6 : Tutorial M9 : Project Based

COURSE OUTCOMES:

At the end of the course student will be able to:

A80542.1 Explain the overview of the physical, networking and architectural issues of mobile
adhoc networks

A80542.2 Analyze the various sensor networks and the unique set of design challenges.

A80542.3 Evaluate measurement of protocol performance in sensor networks.

A80542.4 Illustrate the major design issues, including topics such as protocol mechanisms and
resource constraints.

A80542.5 Implement algorithms involved in ad-hoc/sensor systems.

(10) QUESTION BANK

(10.1)

UNIT I

1.Explain briefly the important characteristics of manet?

2.Explain briefly different well-known adhoc applications?
3.Explain briefly different well-known adhoc applications?
4.Explainabout Manaets and its scope?
5.Explain in detail about Proactive Routing protocols?
6.Explain in detail about Reactive Routing protocols?
7.Explain in detail about Other Routing protocols?
8. Differentiate between topology based on position based approaches?
9. Discuss briefly the principles and issues behind position based routing?

UNIT II

1. Define broadcasting storm problem .Also, discuss the problems encountered in achieving
broadcasting by flooding?
2. Discuss briefly the concept of broadcasting in a MANET?
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 3. Discuss in brief about
(i) Flooding-generated broadcast storm
(ii)Redundancy analysis
4. Discuss in brief about,
(a) Dominant pruning
(b) (b) Multipoint relaying
5. Compare different protocols used for providing multicast over MANETs using various
metrics?
6. List the three main different types of challenges posed to TCP over in Adhoc networks?

UNIT III

1. Discuss how sensing and communication range is computed for sensor nodes?
2. List the advantages of wireless sensor network over wired networks?
3. Routing protocol design for WSNs is heavily influenced by many challenging factors”.
Discuss?
4. Write short notes on
a) sensing transducer
b) A/D converter
c) Transmission energy and receiver energy
d) Computing Unit
5. Write short notes on
a) Regularly placed sensors
b) Randomly distributed sensors
c) Heterogeneous sensors
d) Mobile sensors.
6. Explain briefly the types of schemes available to allocate a single broadcast channel among
competing nodes?
7. Explain in detail the sensor MAC Protocol?
8. Explain in detail about the different flat routing protocols?

UNIT IV

1. Write short notes on,

a)Key Management
b)Intrusion Detection system
c)Secure Routing
2. Discuss in brief about,

a)Trusted third parties

b)Chain of trust
3. a) Explain in detail about Diffie-Hellman key agreement.
b) Discuss in detail about N-party Diffie-Hellman key agreement.

17
4. Draw and Explain IDS architecture for ad hoc networks?
5. Explain in detail the anomaly detection issues in IDS systems?
6. Explain in detail the different categories of sensor node hardware?
7. Draw and explain in detail about MICA note architecture?
8. Explain about the challenges faced in sensor network Programming?
9. Discuss in brief about node-level platform?

UNIT 5

1. Explain in detail about TinyOS?

2. Discuss in detail the component interface as well as component Implementation in Nesc?
3. Explain how concurrency is supported in nesc?
4. Explain in detail about TinyGALS programming model?
5. Explain in detail about simulator ns-2?

(11) TUTORIAL QUESTION SET

1. What are the problems in Wireless Networks [ ]

(A) Multipath Routing (B) Hand-Offs (C) High bit error rate (D) All
2. Wireless ad hoc networks can be classified by their application as [ ]
(A) WSN (B) WMN (C) MANET (D) All
3. The MICA Mote platform is a _____generation device in wireless sensor networks [ ]
(A) fourth (B) third (C) second (D) None
4. Reactive approach routing can be expected in [ ]
(A) Topology based routing (B) Position based routing (C) Both A&B (D) All
5. What are the two key protocol(s) in Reactive routing [ ]
(A) AODV (B) DSR (C)Both A&B (D)None
6. In order to learn the current position of a specific node, the help of a ______is needed [ ]
(A) LAR (B) Grid routing (C) location service (D)None
7. Which of the following routing approach deals with graph-related and distributed computing problems
[]
(A)Geo casting (B) Broadcasting (C) Multicasting (D) All
8. Which sub-system of Sensor node consists of a microprocessor [ ]
(A) communication (B) sensing (C) computing (D) All
9. Find out the Network technology from the following [ ]
(A) MIMO (B) Ad hoc (C) sensors (D) delay-tolerant
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 10. How The sensor nodes are organized into a hierarchy for hierarchy clustering [ ]
(A) based on temperature (B) based on their powerlevels (C) Both A&B (D)All
II Fill in the Blanks:
11. ___ MANET __ is a self-configuring infrastructure less network of mobile devices connected by
wireless.
12. MANETs are a kind of __ wireless ________ad hoc networks that usually has a routable networking
environment on top of a Link Layer
13. A MANET consists of ___ mobile _________platforms
14. MANET nodes are equipped with wireless transmitters and receivers
using ____ antennas ____________
15. Expand AODV _____ Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector______
16. The problem of estimating spatial-coordinates of the node is referred to as
_ localization _________.
17. Expand DREAM _____ Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility _____
18. The frequency at which a node sends position updates is called _ temporal resolution__
19. ___ TCP ___detects data duplication
20. Multi-hop connections have ___ less__throughput due to inherent fading properties of wireless
channels.
21. Which of the following are hardware interrupt handlers [ ]
(A)Tasks (B)Events (C)Both A&B (D) None
22. Which of the following Simulator is A cycle-accurate instruction level sensor network simulator which
scales to networks of up to 10,000 nodes [ ]
(A) Viptos (B)TOSSIM (C) Avrora (D)All
23. Identify some of the platforms for Sensor networks [ ]
(A) SOS (B)TinyOs (C) EmStar (D)All
24. Energy-aware location-based protocol mainly designed for [ ]
(A)MANET (B) Hops (C) Routing (D) All
25. In Which of the following Routing protocol “LEACH”can be achieved [ ]
(A) Location-based (B) Qos (C) Data-centric (D) Hierarchical
26. CSMA-CA mechanism is the internal sensor system standard for the layer of [ ]
(A) Physical layer (B) MAC layer (C) Application layer (D) None
27. There are three kinds of MAC protocols used in sensor network: [ ]
(A)Fixed-allocation (B) Demand-based (C) Contention-based (D) All
28. Which of the following phase Transport data by the routing table [ ]
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 (A) Route discovery phase (B) Data forwarding phase (C) Neither A nor B (D) None
29. Which of the following are the Reactive routing protocols [ ]
(A) TORA (B) ADOV (C) Both A&B (D)None
30. Monitoring in promiscuous mode (watchdog) is of which type of Solution [ ]
(A) Preventive against Selfishness (B) Detection against Selfishness
(C)Both A&B (D) All
31. Continuous, Observer-initiate, Event-driven approaches can __ Coexist ____in the same network
32. Extend SPIN __ Sensor network Protocols via Information Negotiation___
33. Directed diffusion is __ Data ---centric in that all communication is for named data
34. Sensors must only accept information from __. Authenticated___beacon nodes
35. Link-layer allows for _ In-network ___________processing
36. TinyOS scheduler did not provide the __ Realtime _______requirements for encryption
37. LEAP uses different _ Keying_mechanisms for different packets depending on their security
requirements
38. Extend PEGASIS ___ Power Efficient GAthering in Sensor Information Systems __
39. TOSSIM simulator does not capture __ Energy _consumption
40. Unique component _ Architecture _________Provides as a library set of system software
components

(12) TOPICS FOR STUDENT’S SEMINARS

1. Coverage Problems in Wireless Ad-hoc Sensor Networks

http://web.cs.ucla.edu/~miodrag/papers/Meguerdichian_Infocom_01.pdf

2. Bluetooth Ad-Hoc Sensor Network

http://www2.informatik.hu-berlin.de/~milanovi/bt_adhoc_sensor.pdf

3. Study of MANET: Characteristics, Challenges, Application and Security Attacks

http://www.ijarcsse.com/docs/papers/Volume_3/5_May2013/V3I5-0267.pdf

4. Exposure In Wireless Ad-Hoc Sensor Networks

http://web.cs.ucla.edu/~miodrag/papers/Meguerdichian_MOBICOM_01.pdf

5. Data Transmission In Manets

6. Operating system-TinyOS
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7. TCP and MANETs

7. MAC layer routing

***THE END***

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